本文關(guān)鍵詞： 煤炭企業(yè) 產(chǎn)業(yè)深度調(diào)整期 發(fā)展路徑 生命周期理論 產(chǎn)業(yè)組織理論　出處：《中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：煤炭是我國(guó)的主要能源,煤炭行業(yè)對(duì)國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)的健康發(fā)展具有舉足輕重的作用。自2012年以來,伴隨著我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)進(jìn)入新常態(tài)以及國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)低迷的局勢(shì),煤炭供過于求,價(jià)格大幅跳水,煤炭行業(yè)伴隨著我國(guó)宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)的調(diào)整升級(jí)也進(jìn)入了深度調(diào)整期。論文旨在通過對(duì)煤炭市場(chǎng)、煤炭企業(yè)的理論研究,探索我國(guó)煤炭企業(yè)在產(chǎn)業(yè)深度調(diào)整期的發(fā)展路徑,以期提升煤炭企業(yè)的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。論文首先對(duì)前人的煤炭企業(yè)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀的相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)進(jìn)行綜述,總結(jié)出五種煤炭企業(yè)的典型發(fā)展路徑,包括集約化生產(chǎn)管理、兼并重組、多元化發(fā)展、發(fā)展循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)與退出市場(chǎng),另謀出路。其次對(duì)我國(guó)煤炭產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展歷程進(jìn)行了梳理,并對(duì)當(dāng)前產(chǎn)業(yè)深度調(diào)整期的市場(chǎng)特征進(jìn)行了分析。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),煤炭產(chǎn)業(yè)受政府政策導(dǎo)向明顯,市場(chǎng)全面放開時(shí)間短,企業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)意識(shí)弱。第三,在對(duì)煤炭市場(chǎng)現(xiàn)狀了解的基礎(chǔ)上,運(yùn)用市場(chǎng)結(jié)構(gòu)理論的S-C-P范式對(duì)煤炭市場(chǎng)進(jìn)行了分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)我國(guó)煤炭市場(chǎng)的特征是市場(chǎng)集中度低、產(chǎn)品差異小、進(jìn)入壁壘低、退出壁壘高,容易發(fā)生過度競(jìng)爭(zhēng)現(xiàn)象。研究認(rèn)為,基于政府的角度,為提高煤炭市場(chǎng)績(jī)效,需要鼓勵(lì)企業(yè)兼并重組,提高市場(chǎng)集中度;推動(dòng)僵尸企業(yè)退出市場(chǎng);鼓勵(lì)有條件的企業(yè)走多元化發(fā)展道路。第四,運(yùn)用生命周期理論對(duì)處于不同階段的煤炭企業(yè)特征進(jìn)行了分析,指出各階段企業(yè)應(yīng)關(guān)注的主要工作。在產(chǎn)業(yè)深度調(diào)整期,不同生命周期階段的企業(yè)應(yīng)做出不同的選擇,如處于勘察建設(shè)期企業(yè)可以暫停建設(shè),響應(yīng)國(guó)家壓減產(chǎn)能政策;成長(zhǎng)期與成熟期的煤炭企業(yè)需要走集約化發(fā)展道路,立足主業(yè),加強(qiáng)成本管理與市場(chǎng)導(dǎo)向,對(duì)于多元化產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展較好的企業(yè),可以加強(qiáng)對(duì)多元產(chǎn)業(yè)的培養(yǎng);衰退期的企業(yè)需退出市場(chǎng),實(shí)施徹底的產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型或破產(chǎn)清算,或?qū)で蠹娌⒅亟M,分流員工,循序漸進(jìn)的退出市場(chǎng)。最后,論文選用四家煤炭企業(yè)進(jìn)行案例研究,研究了各自選擇的發(fā)展路徑實(shí)施效果與存在的問題
[Abstract]:Coal is the main energy of our country, and the coal industry plays an important role in the healthy development of national economy. Since 2012, with the economy of our country entering the new normal and the international economy continuing to be depressed. The coal supply exceeds the demand, the price is plummeting, the coal industry has also entered the deep adjustment period with the adjustment and upgrading of the macro economy of our country. This paper aims at the theoretical research on the coal market and coal enterprises. In order to improve the economic benefits of coal enterprises, this paper first summarizes the related documents of the current development of coal enterprises. Five typical development paths of coal enterprises are summarized, including intensive production management, merger and reorganization, diversified development, development of circular economy and withdrawal from the market. Secondly, the development process of China's coal industry is combed, and the market characteristics of the current industrial depth adjustment period are analyzed. The study found that the coal industry is obviously guided by government policies. The market opening time is short, the enterprise competition consciousness is weak. Thirdly, on the basis of understanding the present situation of the coal market, the S-C-P paradigm of the market structure theory is used to analyze the coal market. It is found that the characteristics of China's coal market are low market concentration, small product differences, low entry barriers, high exit barriers, and prone to excessive competition. In order to improve the performance of coal market, enterprises should be encouraged to merge and reorganize, and the market concentration should be improved. To push zombie enterprises out of the market; To encourage conditional enterprises to take the path of diversified development. 4th, using life cycle theory to analyze the characteristics of coal enterprises at different stages. This paper points out the main work that enterprises should pay attention to in each stage. In the period of industrial depth adjustment, enterprises in different life cycle should make different choices, for example, enterprises in the period of survey and construction may suspend construction. Response to national production reduction policy; Coal enterprises in the period of growth and maturity need to take the road of intensive development, base on the main industry, strengthen cost management and market orientation, for the enterprises with better development of diversified industries, they can strengthen the cultivation of diversified industries; Enterprises in the recession period need to withdraw from the market, implement a thorough industrial transformation or bankruptcy liquidation, or seek mergers and reorganization, divert staff, step by step out of the market. Finally, the paper selects four coal enterprises for case study. This paper studies the implementation effect and existing problems of the development path chosen by each of them.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：F426.21

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