【摘要】：2011年3月11日，日本發(fā)生東北部大地震。日本在全球產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈的眾多環(huán)節(jié)中屬于關(guān)鍵一環(huán)，地震不僅對日本產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈產(chǎn)生破壞，也對全球產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響。以“產(chǎn)業(yè)立國”的日本，在持續(xù)性研發(fā)新產(chǎn)品、新技術(shù)方面，長期居于世界領(lǐng)先地位。日本是全球主要電子產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)國，，世界主要電子工廠的供應(yīng)商，高科技電子是日本重要支柱產(chǎn)業(yè)。雖然在產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移過程中，日本將許多科技產(chǎn)品制造業(yè)進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)移，但技術(shù)含量高的產(chǎn)品，如電子元器件、原材料等，其核心技術(shù)仍掌握在日本企業(yè)手中。日本企業(yè)由于掌控著核心技術(shù)和原材料，影響了全球電子產(chǎn)品的供應(yīng)和產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈。由于停產(chǎn)和電力短缺的影響，造成生產(chǎn)能力下降，部品供應(yīng)中斷，產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈斷裂。雖然一些日本電子企業(yè)陸續(xù)恢復(fù)生產(chǎn)，但還是對日本及中國乃至全球的電子產(chǎn)業(yè)造成了嚴(yán)重影響和巨大沖擊。致使供貨中斷，產(chǎn)品漲價(jià)，對電子產(chǎn)品的產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈損害嚴(yán)重。 本文在日本311大地震這一大背景下，以日本電子產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈為切入點(diǎn)，分析此次地震對日本經(jīng)濟(jì)的影響，并對日本跨國公司國際戰(zhàn)略做分析。日本長期以來面臨著勞動成本升高、貨幣升值、老齡化、法人稅過高和關(guān)稅壁壘等問題，阻礙日本經(jīng)濟(jì)的復(fù)蘇。地震后，在短期內(nèi)又增加了電力供應(yīng)不足、核危機(jī)等問題，斷裂的產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈也需要較長時(shí)間的修復(fù)。并且，產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈海外轉(zhuǎn)移造成日本國內(nèi)對產(chǎn)業(yè)空洞化的又一次討論，在依靠海外工廠獲得成本優(yōu)勢和本土化的前提下，如何保證日本國內(nèi)控制核心技術(shù)以及核心工廠的穩(wěn)定生產(chǎn)，成為不易權(quán)衡的矛盾。不論日本經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展處于何種矛盾之中，這些狀況對于我國經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展有著極其重要的借鑒作用。不論是在產(chǎn)業(yè)政策的調(diào)整、跨國公司的崛起，還是全球產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈的銜接與安全上，在保證自主知識產(chǎn)權(quán)的前提下，如何做到各方權(quán)衡，又能避免走日本曾經(jīng)錯誤的道路，值得我們深思。
文內(nèi)圖片：
圖片說明： 1日本電子產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈的傳導(dǎo)
[Abstract]:On 11 March 2011, there was a large earthquake in the north-east of Japan. Japan is a key link in many links of the global industrial chain, and the earthquake not only damages the Japanese industrial chain, but also has a negative impact on the global industrial chain. In the "industry standing country" of Japan, in the continuous R & D of new products, new technology, long-term in the world leadership. Japan is the world's leading electronic product producer, the world's main electronic factory supplier, high-tech electronics is the major pillar industry in Japan. Although in the process of industrial transfer, Japan has transferred many scientific and technological products, but high-tech products, such as electronic components, raw materials, etc., are still in the hands of Japanese enterprises. As a result of the control of core technology and raw materials, Japanese enterprises have affected the supply and industry chain of global electronic products. The production capacity is reduced, the supply of components is interrupted and the industrial chain is broken due to the effect of the production and power shortage. Although some Japanese electronic companies have resumed their production, they have had a serious impact on the electronics industry in Japan and China and even the world. The supply is interrupted, the price of the product is increased, and the industrial chain of the electronic product is seriously damaged. This paper, under the background of Japan's 311 large earthquake, analyzes the impact of the earthquake on Japan's economy by taking the electronic industry chain of Japan as the starting point, and points out the international strategy of Japan's transnational corporations In Japan, Japan has long been faced with the problems of rising labor cost, rising of currency, aging, high tax of legal persons, high taxes, and the like, and hindering the complex of Japan's economy. Su. After the earthquake, the shortage of electricity supply and the nuclear crisis are increased in the short term, and the broken industrial chain also needs to be repaired for a long time. In addition, the overseas transfer of the industrial chain has led to a further discussion of the industry-hollowing in Japan, and on the premise of relying on the overseas factories to obtain the cost advantage and the localization, how to guarantee the domestic control core technology of Japan and the stable production of the core factory become the spears that are not easy to trade off The situation is very important for the development of China's economy, regardless of the contradictions in the economic development of Japan. With the adjustment of industrial policy, the rise of transnational corporations, and the connection and security of the global industrial chain, on the premise of ensuring the independent intellectual property, how to make the trade-off between the parties and avoid the wrong way in Japan is worthy of our deep
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F416.63;F431.3

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