【摘要】：專利制度是知識產(chǎn)權(quán)的重要組成部分，有利于科技進步和經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展，越來越受到國際社會和各國政府高度重視。設(shè)計專利制度主要為了保護專利權(quán)人的合法權(quán)益，促進其發(fā)明創(chuàng)造的積極性，鼓勵專利權(quán)人將專利技術(shù)應(yīng)用于市場生產(chǎn)，提高國家發(fā)明創(chuàng)造的能力，對科技的進步和經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展起到積極的推動作用。專利權(quán)人獲得了專利所有權(quán)在某一行業(yè)形成壟斷。然而，有時公眾獲得有關(guān)專利產(chǎn)品的利益比專利權(quán)人享有專有權(quán)更加重要。因此，為了保證專利權(quán)人合理運用專利壟斷權(quán)，維護社會公眾利益，各國在立法上授予發(fā)明者以專利權(quán)，同時又規(guī)定以強制許可制度來限制專利權(quán)。 強制許可制度在各國的司法實踐中的案例并不常見，究其原因有二：一是各國為了激勵專利權(quán)人創(chuàng)造出更多的新發(fā)明，在應(yīng)用強制許可制度時都持有謹(jǐn)慎態(tài)度；二是國內(nèi)外專利法在強制許可制度的規(guī)定上都存在著許多模糊概念，有些條款操作性不強。因此，在實踐中很難準(zhǔn)確把握。 本文主要從對專利權(quán)人保護的角度探討強制許可制度的不足之處并提出完善的具體思路。本文首先針對專利強制許可制度中對專利權(quán)人保護的合理性進行分析。文中從保護的必要性和可行性兩個方面具體論述。在必要性分析方面，主要從利益平衡需要、鼓勵創(chuàng)新、財產(chǎn)權(quán)保護、法律經(jīng)濟學(xué)幾個方面詳細(xì)論述；在可行性方面，主要從國際環(huán)境、法律依據(jù)、司法實踐和市場需求幾個方面具體分析；然后具體分析我國在專利強制許可制度中對專利權(quán)人保護的現(xiàn)狀，主要從立法和實踐兩個方面分析我國在強制許可制度中對專利權(quán)人保護的不足；最后針對本文所述我國在對專利權(quán)人保護方面出現(xiàn)的問題提出完善意見。
[Abstract]:Patent system is an important part of intellectual property rights, which is conducive to scientific and technological progress and economic development, and has been paid more and more attention by the international community and governments. The design of patent system is mainly to protect the legitimate rights and interests of patentees, promote their enthusiasm for invention and creation, encourage franchisees to apply patented technology to market production, improve the ability of national invention and creation, and play a positive role in promoting the progress of science and technology and the development of economy. The patentee obtains the patent ownership to form a monopoly in a certain industry. However, sometimes public access to the patented product is more important than the exclusive right of the patentee. Therefore, in order to ensure the patentee to make reasonable use of the patent monopoly right and safeguard the public interest, the countries grant the inventor patent right in legislation, and at the same time stipulate the compulsory license system to limit the patent right. The cases of compulsory licensing system in the judicial practice of various countries are not common, there are two reasons: first, in order to encourage franchisees to create more new inventions, countries are cautious in the application of compulsory licensing system; second, there are many vague concepts in the provisions of compulsory licensing system in patent law at home and abroad, and some provisions are not operational. Therefore, it is difficult to grasp accurately in practice. This paper mainly discusses the shortcomings of the compulsory licensing system from the perspective of patentee protection and puts forward some concrete ideas. This paper first analyzes the rationality of patentee protection in the compulsory patent licensing system. In this paper, the necessity and feasibility of protection are discussed in detail. In the aspect of necessity analysis, it is mainly discussed in detail from the aspects of balance of interests, encouragement of innovation, protection of property rights, legal economics, feasibility, mainly from the aspects of international environment, legal basis, judicial practice and market demand. Then it analyzes the present situation of patentee protection in patent compulsory license system in our country, mainly analyzes the deficiency of patentee protection in compulsory license system in our country from two aspects of legislation and practice, and finally puts forward some suggestions for perfecting the problems in the protection of patentee in our country.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：D923.42

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