【摘要】：2009年8月17日,中國農(nóng)業(yè)部為兩種轉(zhuǎn)基因水稻(“華恢1號”和“Bt汕優(yōu)63”)及一種轉(zhuǎn)植酸酶基因的玉米發(fā)放了生產(chǎn)應用安全證書,這意味著我國向轉(zhuǎn)基因主糧的商業(yè)化大門又邁進了一大步,有的專家甚至提出要讓轉(zhuǎn)基因大米在3～5年內(nèi)走上餐桌。這自然引起了關于轉(zhuǎn)基因作物討論的軒然大波。如今,轉(zhuǎn)基因作物的影響已經(jīng)滲透到了各個方面,無論是人體健康和環(huán)境安全層面,還是公眾認知與參與層面,或者國家政策立法、自主知識產(chǎn)權層面,無不閃動著轉(zhuǎn)基因作物的影子。本文主要從五個方面對轉(zhuǎn)基因作物的相關問題進行了探討：首先,對植物轉(zhuǎn)基因技術及其在農(nóng)業(yè)中的應用進行了介紹；其次,對國內(nèi)外轉(zhuǎn)基因主糧的背景和現(xiàn)狀進行了闡述,由于目前國外還沒有哪個國家對主糧進行轉(zhuǎn)基因商業(yè)種植,因此本文就從國外轉(zhuǎn)基因作物的發(fā)展狀況著手,以此來了解其發(fā)展動向。同時還對轉(zhuǎn)基因主糧的社會認知情況進行了調(diào)研,分析了公眾對轉(zhuǎn)基因主糧的了解程度及態(tài)度,提出了注重公眾的知情權與參與權的建議。第三部分,本文從多個角度著重討論了轉(zhuǎn)基因作物尤其是轉(zhuǎn)基因主糧存在的爭議,通過對支持者和反對者論點的分析,為轉(zhuǎn)基因主糧商業(yè)化問題的提出提供了思路。第四部分是對應第三部分的爭議,詳細分析了轉(zhuǎn)基因主糧商業(yè)化存在的問題。第五部分則是在前幾部分的基礎上,對轉(zhuǎn)基因主糧的研究、應用措施進行了探討。本文的最終目的是讓公眾對轉(zhuǎn)基因作物有更深入了解的同時,以求在促進轉(zhuǎn)基因技術和如何避免其可能帶來的風險之間尋求一個平衡。
[Abstract]:On August 17, 2009, the Ministry of Agriculture of China issued safety certificates for the production and application of two transgenic rice varieties ("Huahui 1" and "Bt Shanyou 63") and a transgenic maize with a phytase gene. This means that China has made another big step towards the commercialization of GM staple grains, and some experts have even suggested that GM rice should be put on the table within three to five years. This naturally caused a stir in the debate about genetically modified crops. Today, the impact of genetically modified crops has penetrated into every aspect, whether at the level of human health and environmental safety, public awareness and participation, or national policy and legislation, and independent intellectual property rights. All flashes the shadow of genetically modified crops. In this paper, the related problems of transgenic crops are discussed from five aspects: firstly, the plant transgenic technology and its application in agriculture are introduced; Secondly, the background and present situation of genetically modified staple grain at home and abroad are described. Because there is no foreign country to carry on genetically modified commercial planting to main grain, so this paper starts from the development situation of foreign genetically modified crops. In order to understand its development trend. At the same time, the social cognition of GM staple grain was investigated, the public's understanding degree and attitude to GM staple grain were analyzed, and the suggestion of paying attention to the public's right to know and to participate was put forward. In the third part, the thesis mainly discusses the controversy of genetically modified crops, especially the main grain of genetically modified crops from many angles. Through the analysis of proponents and opponents, this paper provides some ideas for the commercialization of genetically modified staple grains. The fourth part is the dispute corresponding to the third part, the problems existing in the commercialization of genetically modified staple grain are analyzed in detail. In the fifth part, on the basis of the previous parts, the research and application measures of genetically modified staple food were discussed. The ultimate goal of this paper is to give the public a better understanding of GM crops in order to find a balance between promoting GMO technology and how to avoid its potential risks.
【學位授予單位】：南京理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：S188

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