【摘要】：電控單體泵燃油系統(tǒng)以其高噴射壓力、對(duì)現(xiàn)有發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)改動(dòng)小、良好的油品適應(yīng)性、優(yōu)良的系統(tǒng)可靠性等優(yōu)點(diǎn)成為大功率柴油機(jī)的理想選擇之一。電控單體泵燃油系統(tǒng)的供油特性與其結(jié)構(gòu)及燃油的流動(dòng)密切相關(guān)。供油過(guò)程中高壓油管內(nèi)壓力波形可以反映出此系統(tǒng)的狀態(tài)信息。國(guó)內(nèi)柴油機(jī)燃油系統(tǒng)正向電控化方向轉(zhuǎn)變。現(xiàn)有加工條件決定了單體泵國(guó)產(chǎn)化是現(xiàn)階段柴油機(jī)電控燃油系統(tǒng)國(guó)產(chǎn)化切實(shí)可行的有效途徑。研發(fā)具有自主知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)的電控單體泵迫切需要深入分析電控單體泵結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)對(duì)其供油特性的影響規(guī)律。供油凸輪型線設(shè)計(jì)是電控單體泵燃油系統(tǒng)開(kāi)發(fā)中的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)之一。但是，針對(duì)電控單體泵系統(tǒng)供油凸輪型線設(shè)計(jì)的研究極少，需要深入探索其設(shè)計(jì)方法。因此，本論文以電控單體泵燃油系統(tǒng)供油特性和供油凸輪參數(shù)化設(shè)計(jì)為主線，采用試驗(yàn)、仿真分析及理論分析相結(jié)合的技術(shù)手段，開(kāi)展了電控單體泵低速供油特性、中高速工況供油特性、閥桿運(yùn)動(dòng)規(guī)律、電控單體泵結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)對(duì)供油特性的影響及供油凸輪參數(shù)化設(shè)計(jì)等研究。 本文首先搭建了油泵臺(tái)試驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)，并通過(guò)分析得出了單體泵控制閥斷電時(shí)柱塞速度和柱塞腔內(nèi)油壓的關(guān)系，發(fā)現(xiàn)此時(shí)油壓峰值相位會(huì)隨轉(zhuǎn)速的升高不斷后移，提出了一種基于油管壓力的單體泵燃油系統(tǒng)噴油特性標(biāo)定方法。 然后，利用該試驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)，進(jìn)行了單體泵燃油系統(tǒng)的低速供油特性研究，結(jié)果表明低速工況時(shí)，系統(tǒng)油壓建立后存在明顯波動(dòng)，噴油持續(xù)期內(nèi)針閥無(wú)法穩(wěn)定保持開(kāi)啟狀態(tài)；分析了單體泵的油壓波形特點(diǎn)，指出了控制閥開(kāi)始關(guān)閉、控制閥完全關(guān)閉、針閥打開(kāi)反映在油壓波形上的具體位置；探索了控制閥桿在高壓狀態(tài)下的運(yùn)動(dòng)規(guī)律，指出閥桿在初次完全打開(kāi)、初次完全關(guān)閉時(shí)會(huì)出現(xiàn)反跳，某些工況下，控制閥桿在打開(kāi)過(guò)程中，會(huì)出現(xiàn)關(guān)閉趨勢(shì)。 之后，分析了BIT電控單體泵的工作原理，指出其結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)，進(jìn)行了BIT單體泵的供油特性及一致性試驗(yàn)研究，表明BIT電控單體泵性能、可重復(fù)性良好，各泵間油壓及噴油量波動(dòng)不大；建立了BIT單體泵燃油系統(tǒng)仿真模型，標(biāo)定結(jié)果顯示該模型達(dá)到了合理的精度范圍，利用該模型研究了控制閥結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)、閥座與泵體定位情況、泵體油道及柱塞直徑對(duì)BIT單體泵供油特性的影響，并提出各結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)的合理選擇范圍。 隨后，從性能、可靠性、穩(wěn)定性、工藝性角度，總結(jié)了供油凸輪主要設(shè)計(jì)準(zhǔn)則；結(jié)合由設(shè)計(jì)準(zhǔn)則而來(lái)的約束條件，進(jìn)行了供油凸輪型線的參數(shù)化設(shè)計(jì)方法研究，并建立了供油凸輪型線數(shù)學(xué)模型，該模型僅包含結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)和可以反映設(shè)計(jì)約束的特征參數(shù)；分析了各參數(shù)對(duì)挺柱運(yùn)動(dòng)規(guī)律和單體泵油壓特性的影響，指出最大加速度將會(huì)對(duì)實(shí)現(xiàn)等壓噴射有重要影響。 最后，進(jìn)行了供油凸輪型線與電控單體泵的匹配研究，得到了可以實(shí)現(xiàn)設(shè)計(jì)目標(biāo)的凸輪型線，并校核了其曲率半徑，結(jié)果表明其在凹弧段可以和滾輪始終接觸，在凸弧段，，最小曲率半徑在3mm以上。
[Abstract]:The electric control unit pump fuel system is one of the ideal choice for high-power diesel engine with its high injection pressure, small change of existing engine, good oil product adaptability and good system reliability. The oil supply characteristic of the electric control unit pump fuel system is closely related to the structure of the fuel system and the flow of fuel. The pressure waveform in the high-pressure oil pipe during the oil supply can reflect the state information of the system. The fuel system of domestic diesel engine is changing in the direction of electric control. The existing processing conditions decide that the localization of the monomer pump is an effective way for the localization of the electronic control fuel system of the diesel engine at the present stage. The research and development of the electronic control unit pump with the independent intellectual property right urgently needs to analyze the influence of the structure parameters of the electric control unit pump on the oil supply characteristics of the electric control unit. The design of oil-supply cam-type line is one of the key technologies in the development of electric-controlled single-pump fuel system. However, there is little research on the design of the oil supply cam type line for the electric control unit pump system, and the design method needs to be further explored. Therefore, the paper uses the technical means of combination of test, simulation analysis and theoretical analysis to carry out the low-speed oil supply characteristic of the electric control unit pump, the oil supply characteristic of the high-speed working condition and the law of the movement of the valve rod, The influence of the parameters of the electric control unit pump on the oil supply characteristics and the design of the parameters of the oil supply cam and so on. In this paper, the test system of the oil pump station is set up, and the relationship between the plunger speed and the oil pressure in the plunger cavity is obtained through the analysis, and it is found that the peak phase of the oil pressure will follow the increase of the rotation speed. The fuel injection characteristics of a single-pump fuel system based on oil-pipe pressure are proposed. Then, using the test system, the low-speed oil supply characteristic of the single-pump fuel system is studied. The results show that there is a significant fluctuation in the system oil pressure after the low-speed working condition, and the needle valve can not be kept in the open state stably during the injection-sustaining period, and the oil pressure wave of the monomer pump is analyzed. It is pointed out that the control valve is closed, the control valve is completely closed, the needle valve is opened to reflect the specific position on the oil pressure wave form, the movement rule of the control valve rod under the high pressure state is explored, the valve rod is fully opened at the first time, Under working conditions, the control valve stem will be closed during the opening process After that, the working principle of BIT electric control unit pump is analyzed, and its structure is analyzed, and the oil supply characteristics and consistency test of BIT unit pump are studied. It is shown that the performance of BIT electric control unit pump is good, the repeatability is good, and the oil pressure and oil injection among the pumps are good. The simulation model of the fuel system of the BIT monomer pump is established. The calibration results show that the model has a reasonable range of precision. The model is used to study the structure parameters of the control valve, the position of the valve seat and the pump body, the oil channel of the pump body and the diameter of the plunger to supply oil to the BIT unit pump. The influence of the characteristics and the combination of the structural parameters The main design criteria of the oil supply cam are summarized from the viewpoint of performance, reliability, stability and manufacturability. The model of the wheel-type line, which only contains the structural parameters and the characteristic parameters which can reflect the design constraints, analyzes the influence of the parameters on the movement law of the tappet and the pressure characteristics of the pump oil, and points out that the maximum acceleration will be equivalent to the realization of the isobaric In the end, the matching research of the oil supply cam type wire and the electric control unit pump is carried out, the cam type wire with the design goal can be realized, and its radius of curvature is checked. The result shows that it can always be in contact with the roller in the concave arc segment,
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TK423

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