【摘要】：隨著市場經(jīng)濟的日益繁榮，權(quán)利質(zhì)權(quán)制度已被大多數(shù)國家的法律接受并認(rèn)可。與抵押、留置和一般物的質(zhì)押不同，權(quán)利質(zhì)押標(biāo)的具有無形性特點，因此其在制度設(shè)計和實行規(guī)則上也較為復(fù)雜。本文從各國的權(quán)利質(zhì)權(quán)對比研究入手，進(jìn)而對權(quán)利質(zhì)權(quán)的概念、種類和效力問題進(jìn)行討論。 本文大致分為以下幾個部分：第一部分是關(guān)于權(quán)利質(zhì)權(quán)的概述，，筆者將重點探討權(quán)利質(zhì)權(quán)的概念、法律性質(zhì)及與相關(guān)制度比較等問題。學(xué)術(shù)界對上述問題持有不同觀點，筆者將分析典型代表學(xué)說，并在此基礎(chǔ)上尋求理論新突破；第二部分是關(guān)于各國對權(quán)利質(zhì)權(quán)的考察綜述。權(quán)利質(zhì)權(quán)起源于羅馬法，之后被大陸法和英美法系的國家所吸納、采用，并有了新的發(fā)展，內(nèi)容還涉及我國法關(guān)于權(quán)利質(zhì)權(quán)的歷史沿革；第三部分的內(nèi)容主要包括一般債權(quán)、證券、股權(quán)、知識產(chǎn)權(quán)的設(shè)質(zhì)范圍和效力分析；第四部分是分析當(dāng)前權(quán)利質(zhì)權(quán)的不足與缺陷。例如立法體例、設(shè)定規(guī)則不盡合理，設(shè)質(zhì)范圍相對狹窄等等；第五部分是關(guān)于我國權(quán)利質(zhì)權(quán)制度的完善。筆者嘗試通過借鑒先進(jìn)國家的成熟經(jīng)驗對其進(jìn)行體例構(gòu)思和制度完善，進(jìn)而擴大權(quán)利質(zhì)權(quán)的設(shè)質(zhì)范圍，健全相關(guān)體系和制度。 權(quán)利質(zhì)權(quán)制度存在諸多弊端，比如立法體例不科學(xué)、設(shè)質(zhì)范圍過于狹窄等。對此，應(yīng)當(dāng)吸取先進(jìn)國家的立法經(jīng)驗，把所有的動產(chǎn)擔(dān)保形式囊括在擔(dān)保權(quán)益之中，以此促進(jìn)權(quán)利質(zhì)權(quán)體系的整體化、統(tǒng)一化進(jìn)程。另外，知識經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展進(jìn)一步豐富了權(quán)利質(zhì)權(quán)制度的內(nèi)容和范圍，為了更好的發(fā)揮權(quán)利質(zhì)權(quán)的潛能，必須通過立法擴充無形財產(chǎn)的種類，以迎合時代發(fā)展的需要。權(quán)利質(zhì)權(quán)具有不可替代的融資擔(dān)保功能，現(xiàn)階段我國在該制度的效力規(guī)定、體制完善等方面存在保守性和滯后性，由此也阻礙了權(quán)利質(zhì)權(quán)功能的充分發(fā)揮。筆者嘗試著對權(quán)利質(zhì)權(quán)制度的不足之處進(jìn)行梳理，進(jìn)而提出了完善立法的一些設(shè)想，力求能夠早日確立權(quán)利質(zhì)權(quán)應(yīng)有的法律地位。
[Abstract]:With the increasing prosperity of market economy, the system of pledge of rights has been accepted and recognized by most countries. Different from the pledge of mortgage, lien and general property, the subject matter of pledge of right has the characteristics of intangibility, so it is more complicated in the system design and practice rules. This paper begins with the comparative study of the pledge of rights in various countries, and then discusses the concept, category and validity of the pledge of rights. This paper is divided into the following parts: the first part is an overview of the pledge of rights, the author will focus on the concept of pledge of rights, the legal nature and the comparison with the relevant systems and so on. The academic circles hold different views on the above issues, the author will analyze the typical representative theory, and on this basis seek for a new theoretical breakthrough; the second part is about the review of the rights pledge of countries. The pledge of rights originated from Roman law and was adopted by the countries of civil law and Anglo-American law system. The content also involves the historical evolution of the pledge of rights in Chinese law. The third part mainly includes the general creditor's rights, the securities, the stock right, the intellectual property right's hypothecation scope and the validity analysis; the fourth part is to analyze the current rights pledge the insufficiency and the flaw. For example, legislative style, setting rules are unreasonable, the scope of pledge is relatively narrow; the fifth part is about the perfection of the system of pledge of rights in our country. The author tries to use the mature experience of advanced countries for reference to conceive the style and perfect the system, and then expand the scope of pledge of rights, perfect the relevant system and system. There are many drawbacks in the system of pledge of rights, such as unscientific legislative style, narrow scope of pledge and so on. In view of this, we should absorb the legislative experience of advanced countries and include all the forms of chattel security in the security interest, so as to promote the integration of the system of pledge of rights and the process of unification. In addition, the development of knowledge economy has further enriched the content and scope of the system of pledge of rights. In order to better play the potential of pledge of rights, we must expand the category of intangible property through legislation to meet the needs of the development of the times. The pledge of rights has irreplaceable financing guarantee function. At present, there are conservatism and lag in the effectiveness of this system and the perfection of the system in our country, which also hinders the full play of the function of pledge of rights. The author tries to comb the shortcomings of the system of pledge of rights, and then puts forward some ideas to perfect the legislation, and tries to establish the legal status of pledge of rights as soon as possible.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林財經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：D923.2

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