【摘要】：隨著人類的繁衍發(fā)展,目前地球人口已超過70億,小久的將來,預(yù)計會超過90億,而人類同時面臨著環(huán)境惡化、能源枯竭的重大挑戰(zhàn),中國作為一個發(fā)展中國家,同樣面臨著如何以有限的資源來養(yǎng)育不斷增長的人口的巨大壓力,確保糧食安全已成為國家戰(zhàn)略需求,其中,不斷選育和培植性狀優(yōu)良的農(nóng)業(yè)動植物新品種是重中之重,為此,“十二五規(guī)劃”將鼓勵保護育種技術(shù)創(chuàng)新、大力發(fā)展國家種業(yè)體系作為解決糧食安全的重大舉措。而發(fā)展中國家因缺乏資金支持無法建立健全良好的動、植物品種權(quán)利保護制度,導(dǎo)致難以進行自主研發(fā)。為此,必須構(gòu)建全面的動、植物品種權(quán)利保護法制環(huán)境,以刺激育種技術(shù)研發(fā)的積極性,提高農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量和數(shù)量,并促進種子產(chǎn)業(yè),農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展和農(nóng)民增收,是國家知識產(chǎn)權(quán)戰(zhàn)略和科教興農(nóng)戰(zhàn)略的重要組成部分,也是保證國家糧食安全的必要條件。本文擬從俄羅斯聯(lián)邦育種(成果)權(quán)利法典化入手,分析研究中俄法律制度的差異,從而為中國加強動植物新品種權(quán)法律保護體系建設(shè)、完善知識產(chǎn)權(quán)法律制度提供立法建議。
[Abstract]:With the development of human beings, the population of the earth has now exceeded 7 billion. In the small future, it is expected to exceed 9 billion. At the same time, mankind is facing the major challenges of environmental degradation and energy depletion. China, as a developing country, Also facing enormous pressure on how to feed a growing population with limited resources, ensuring food security has become a national strategic need, in which the continuous selection and cultivation of new varieties of agricultural animals and plants with good characteristics is a top priority, and to this end, The 12th Five-Year Plan will encourage technological innovation in conservation breeding and vigorously develop the national seed industry system as a major measure to solve food security. Developing countries can not establish a sound plant and plant variety rights protection system due to the lack of financial support, resulting in difficulties in independent research and development. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a comprehensive legal environment for the protection of plant and animal rights in order to stimulate the enthusiasm of breeding technology research and development, to improve the quality and quantity of agricultural products, and to promote the seed industry, agricultural development and the increase of farmers' income. It is an important part of the national intellectual property strategy and the strategy of revitalizing agriculture through science and education, and is also a necessary condition to ensure national food security. Starting with the codification of breeding rights in the Russian Federation, this paper analyzes and studies the differences between Chinese and Russian legal systems, so as to provide legislative advice for China to strengthen the construction of legal protection system for new species rights of plants and animals and to perfect the legal system of intellectual property rights.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：黑龍江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：D922.29

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