【摘要】：傳統(tǒng)制冷劑R22不僅對臭氧層存在破壞力而且還會加劇溫室效應(yīng),各國正遵照《蒙特利爾議定書》及相關(guān)法案,在2020-2030年間逐步完全淘汰傳統(tǒng)制冷劑,因此研究新一代零ODP和低GWP的替代制冷劑已是迫在睫,勢在必行。在高效節(jié)能、高需求量的熱泵行業(yè),目前尚未有一種在環(huán)境性、熱物性、安全性等方面兼顧可實現(xiàn)良好替代的新型制冷劑,而本文的目的正是尋找一種具有自主知識產(chǎn)權(quán),在該領(lǐng)域可完全長期替代的新型混合制冷劑。本文在環(huán)境友好性、熱物性、安全性、互溶性、經(jīng)濟(jì)性方面提出了替代原則和目標(biāo),依照此目標(biāo),尋找了 R1234ze(E)、R32及R134a三種優(yōu)勢互補(bǔ)的組元,在理論上對其混合物的環(huán)境及熱工性能等進(jìn)行計算分析,篩選出較優(yōu)組合配比的NC001即R32/R1234ze(E)/R134a(50/17/33)作為替代實驗的主要研究對象。NC001的ODP為零,GWP值僅為R22的44%,C02減排率為48%,沸點、汽化潛熱等基本物性與R22接近,同時滑移溫度為5℃左右,無毒不可燃,作為非共沸制冷劑適宜直接替代。實驗中對于R22、R32、R1234ze(E)、NC001四種制冷劑在水源熱泵機(jī)組上進(jìn)行直接充灌,蒸發(fā)器/冷凝器側(cè)分別以4/5、5/6、6/7m3/h的不同流量以及有無回?zé)崞髑闆r下進(jìn)行循環(huán)性能測試。通過實驗發(fā)現(xiàn),新型混合制冷劑NC001的制熱量比R22高10-22%,壓比等熱物性及循環(huán)性均接近于R22。當(dāng)?shù)诙h(huán)進(jìn)水側(cè)溫度在12-23℃時,COP略低于R22約0-14%,當(dāng)溫度超過23℃時,NC001的COP高于R22。同時實驗還發(fā)現(xiàn),夏季開啟回?zé)崞鳌⒍娟P(guān)閉回?zé)崞鲗τ谔岣咧茻崃坑欣?而第二循環(huán)水流量大小對于NC001的影響并不大。新型混合替代制冷劑NC001基本滿足替代目標(biāo)和原則,認(rèn)為可在水源熱泵領(lǐng)域具有替代優(yōu)勢,有必要進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步深入研究,以提高系統(tǒng)的性能系數(shù),進(jìn)一步減少對環(huán)境的影響。
[Abstract]:The traditional refrigerant R22 is not only destructive to the ozone layer but also exacerbates Greenhouse Effect, and countries are phasing out traditional refrigerants completely between 2020-2030, in compliance with the Montreal Protocol and related legislation. Therefore, it is imperative to study the new generation of zero ODP and low GWP alternative refrigerants. In the heat pump industry of high efficiency and energy saving and high demand, there is not yet a new refrigerant which can be replaced well in the aspects of environment, thermal properties and safety. The purpose of this paper is to find a new refrigerant with independent intellectual property. A new type of mixed refrigerant that can be completely substituted for long-term in this field. In this paper, the principles and objectives of substitution are put forward in the aspects of environmental friendliness, thermal property, safety, mutual solubility and economy. According to this goal, three complementary components of R1234ze (E), R32 and R134a are found. The environment and thermal performance of the mixture were calculated and analyzed theoretically, and the NC001 with the best combination ratio, R32/R1234ze (E) / R134a (50-17-33), was selected as the main research object in the substitution experiment. The ODP of NC001 was zero, and the value of GWP was only 44% C02 of R22. The basic physical properties of latent heat of vaporization are close to that of R22, and the slip temperature is about 5 鈩，

本文編號：2292433