灌木型金葉榆無(wú)性繁殖技術(shù)及光照強(qiáng)度對(duì)其葉色影響的初步研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-10-21 14:36
【摘要】：金葉榆是我國(guó)具有自主知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)的彩葉植物品種,灌叢苗作為金葉榆的一種應(yīng)用類型在園林綠化中應(yīng)用廣泛,市場(chǎng)需求很大。因此本文研究了其無(wú)性繁殖技術(shù)及光照強(qiáng)度對(duì)其葉色的影響,建立好的繁殖體系,以期為苗木生產(chǎn)提供技術(shù)保障并為金葉榆在園林應(yīng)用中的環(huán)境選擇提供理論參考。結(jié)果表明： (1)金葉榆嫁接繁殖中,接穗粗度對(duì)嫁接效果的影響顯著。接穗粗度為0.6-0.8cm時(shí)嫁接成活率最高為94%；平均苗高、平均新稍最長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)度、干枝生物量和葉生物量也高于其他兩組處理。嫁接時(shí)接穗粗度宜在0.6-0.8cm之間。 (2)不同砧木不同接穗粗度對(duì)嫁接效果的影響較大。遼寧白榆做砧木,接穗粗度為0.6-0.8cm時(shí),平均苗高達(dá)到了最高為68.1cm、平均新稍最長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)度達(dá)到了最長(zhǎng)為60.5cm,嫁接成活率達(dá)到了最高為95%,葉片數(shù)、葉片規(guī)格都高于其他組,病蟲(chóng)害葉片也最少,嫁接效果最好。 (3)不同嫁接時(shí)間不同接穗粗度對(duì)嫁接效果影響較大。3月27日嫁接、接穗粗度為0.6-0.8cm的平均苗高、平均苗粗、平均新稍最長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)度、成活率都比5月27日高。嫁接時(shí)應(yīng)盡量選擇0.6-0.8cm的接穗在樹(shù)木萌動(dòng)時(shí)嫁接。 (4)不同接穗封存措施不同接穗粗度對(duì)嫁接效果影響較大。接穗封蠟、采用粗度為0.6-0.8cm的接穗嫁接后平均苗高、平均苗粗、平均新稍最長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)度和成活率高于其他處理。金葉榆嫁接生產(chǎn)中宜采用接穗粗度為0.6-0.8cm、蠟封措施進(jìn)行嫁接,節(jié)省材料、時(shí)間和人力,成活率和新苗生長(zhǎng)量也較高。 (5)采用全天候溫室大棚內(nèi)置小拱棚嫩枝扦插金葉榆生根率僅為53%,生根株數(shù)為530株/1000株,最長(zhǎng)根長(zhǎng)為4.2cm,平均根數(shù)為16條。但嫩枝扦插與嫁接相比,插穗易采摘,節(jié)省人力,成本低,在生產(chǎn)生可廣泛推廣緩解市場(chǎng)對(duì)苗木的需求。 (6)硬枝扦插用溶液質(zhì)量為100mg/L的吲哚乙酸(IAA)、吲哚丁酸(IBA)、萘乙酸(NAA)三種激素和對(duì)照清水組浸泡24h插穗后,插穗生根率都很低,僅在9%-11%之間,清水對(duì)照組僅為1%,效果不佳。這說(shuō)明金葉榆不適宜進(jìn)行硬枝扦插繁殖育苗。 (7)光照強(qiáng)度對(duì)金葉榆葉片中色素含量、色素比值和可溶性糖含量的影響是極顯著的。隨著光照強(qiáng)度的增加葉綠素a含量、葉綠素b含量、葉綠素總含量、類胡蘿卜素均呈下降趨勢(shì)：葉綠素a與葉綠素b含量比值在穩(wěn)步增大,葉綠素與類胡蘿卜素的比值在穩(wěn)步降低,花色素苷的含量在逐漸增加,葉綠素含量與花色素苷含量比值在逐漸下降；可溶性糖含量也呈下降趨勢(shì)。52001x光照處理下葉綠素與類胡蘿卜素的比值相對(duì)于其他處理最小,類胡蘿卜素的含量相對(duì)較多,葉色明顯較其他三組處理的葉片金黃,金黃葉片的數(shù)量也比其他三組處理的多。隨著處理時(shí)間的增加,葉片實(shí)際葉色表現(xiàn)為葉片金黃色的亮麗度在下降。為保證金葉榆在園林栽培綠化應(yīng)用有時(shí)較好的彩葉觀賞效果及良好的生長(zhǎng),應(yīng)盡量栽到光照強(qiáng)度較大、陽(yáng)光充足的環(huán)境中。
[Abstract]:Sanguisorba pumila is a kind of colorful leaf plant with independent intellectual property rights in China. As an application type of Ulmus pumila, shrub seedlings are widely used in garden and greening, and the market demand is great. In this paper, the effects of asexual reproduction technology and light intensity on leaf color were studied, and a good breeding system was established in order to provide technical guarantee for seedling production and provide theoretical reference for environment selection of Sanguisorba pumila in garden application. The results showed that: (1) in the grafting propagation of Ulmus pumila, the diameter of scion had a significant effect on the grafting effect. When the diameter of scion was 0.6-0.8cm, the survival rate of grafting was the highest, the average seedling height, the average new length, the biomass of dry branch and leaf were also higher than those of the other two treatments. The thickness of scion should be between 0.6-0.8cm during grafting. (2) different scion diameter of different rootstocks had a great influence on grafting effect. When the thickness of scion was 0.6-0.8cm, the average seedling height was 68.1 cm, the longest length was 60.5 cm, the survival rate of grafting was 95 cm, the number of leaves and leaf specifications were higher than other groups. (3) different grafting time and scion diameter had great influence on grafting effect. On March 27th grafting, the average seedling height, average seedling diameter and average new slightly longest length of grafted scion were 0.6-0.8cm. The survival rate was higher than that on May 27. When grafting, the scions of 0.6-0.8cm should be selected as far as possible. (4) different storage measures of scions have great influence on the grafting effect. The average height, diameter, length and survival rate of the grafted scions with diameter of 0.6-0.8cm were higher than those of other treatments. In the grafting production of Ulmus pumila, the thickness of scion is 0.6-0.8 cm, and the wax sealing measures can save material, time and manpower. The survival rate and the growth of new seedlings were also higher. (5) the rooting rate of cuttage of Ulmus pumila was only 53, the number of rooting trees was 530 / 1000, the longest root length was 4.2 cm, and the average number of roots was 16. However, compared with grafting, cuttings are easier to pick, save manpower and cost less. (6) the rooting rate of hard branch cuttings was very low after 24 h cuttings of indole acetic acid (IAA), indole butyrate (IBA), naphthyl butyrate (NAA) and control water group after 24 h cuttings soaking in the market. (6) the rooting rate of hard branch cuttings was very low after immersing the three hormones, (IBA), naphthalene butyrate (NAA), in the solution quality of 100mg/L. Only between 9-11%, only 1 in the control group, the effect is not good. The results indicated that Ulmus pumila was not suitable for hardwood cuttage propagation. (7) the effects of light intensity on pigment content, pigment ratio and soluble sugar content were significant. With the increase of light intensity, the content of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and carotenoid decreased: the ratio of chlorophyll a to chlorophyll b increased steadily. The ratio of chlorophyll to carotenoid was decreasing steadily, the content of anthocyanin was increasing, and the ratio of chlorophyll to anthocyanin was decreasing. The ratio of chlorophyll to carotenoid in 52001x light treatment was the smallest, the carotenoid content was relatively higher, and the leaf color was significantly higher than that of the other three treatments. The number of golden leaves was also higher than that of the other three groups. With the increase of treatment time, the actual leaf color of leaves showed that the brightness of leaf golden color was decreasing. In order to ensure the application of Ulmus pumila in the garden planting and greening, sometimes better ornamental effect and good growth of colored leaves, should be planted in the environment of light intensity and abundant sunshine as far as possible.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：S687
[Abstract]:Sanguisorba pumila is a kind of colorful leaf plant with independent intellectual property rights in China. As an application type of Ulmus pumila, shrub seedlings are widely used in garden and greening, and the market demand is great. In this paper, the effects of asexual reproduction technology and light intensity on leaf color were studied, and a good breeding system was established in order to provide technical guarantee for seedling production and provide theoretical reference for environment selection of Sanguisorba pumila in garden application. The results showed that: (1) in the grafting propagation of Ulmus pumila, the diameter of scion had a significant effect on the grafting effect. When the diameter of scion was 0.6-0.8cm, the survival rate of grafting was the highest, the average seedling height, the average new length, the biomass of dry branch and leaf were also higher than those of the other two treatments. The thickness of scion should be between 0.6-0.8cm during grafting. (2) different scion diameter of different rootstocks had a great influence on grafting effect. When the thickness of scion was 0.6-0.8cm, the average seedling height was 68.1 cm, the longest length was 60.5 cm, the survival rate of grafting was 95 cm, the number of leaves and leaf specifications were higher than other groups. (3) different grafting time and scion diameter had great influence on grafting effect. On March 27th grafting, the average seedling height, average seedling diameter and average new slightly longest length of grafted scion were 0.6-0.8cm. The survival rate was higher than that on May 27. When grafting, the scions of 0.6-0.8cm should be selected as far as possible. (4) different storage measures of scions have great influence on the grafting effect. The average height, diameter, length and survival rate of the grafted scions with diameter of 0.6-0.8cm were higher than those of other treatments. In the grafting production of Ulmus pumila, the thickness of scion is 0.6-0.8 cm, and the wax sealing measures can save material, time and manpower. The survival rate and the growth of new seedlings were also higher. (5) the rooting rate of cuttage of Ulmus pumila was only 53, the number of rooting trees was 530 / 1000, the longest root length was 4.2 cm, and the average number of roots was 16. However, compared with grafting, cuttings are easier to pick, save manpower and cost less. (6) the rooting rate of hard branch cuttings was very low after 24 h cuttings of indole acetic acid (IAA), indole butyrate (IBA), naphthyl butyrate (NAA) and control water group after 24 h cuttings soaking in the market. (6) the rooting rate of hard branch cuttings was very low after immersing the three hormones, (IBA), naphthalene butyrate (NAA), in the solution quality of 100mg/L. Only between 9-11%, only 1 in the control group, the effect is not good. The results indicated that Ulmus pumila was not suitable for hardwood cuttage propagation. (7) the effects of light intensity on pigment content, pigment ratio and soluble sugar content were significant. With the increase of light intensity, the content of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and carotenoid decreased: the ratio of chlorophyll a to chlorophyll b increased steadily. The ratio of chlorophyll to carotenoid was decreasing steadily, the content of anthocyanin was increasing, and the ratio of chlorophyll to anthocyanin was decreasing. The ratio of chlorophyll to carotenoid in 52001x light treatment was the smallest, the carotenoid content was relatively higher, and the leaf color was significantly higher than that of the other three treatments. The number of golden leaves was also higher than that of the other three groups. With the increase of treatment time, the actual leaf color of leaves showed that the brightness of leaf golden color was decreasing. In order to ensure the application of Ulmus pumila in the garden planting and greening, sometimes better ornamental effect and good growth of colored leaves, should be planted in the environment of light intensity and abundant sunshine as far as possible.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：S687
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