【摘要】：以轉(zhuǎn)基因技術(shù)為代表的現(xiàn)代生物技術(shù)已經(jīng)成為21世紀(jì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的主導(dǎo)力量。在轉(zhuǎn)基因水稻研究技術(shù)方面,我國(guó)的研究能力與國(guó)際上保持同步,在秈稻基因組程序、抗病蟲轉(zhuǎn)基因水稻研發(fā)及多基因共轉(zhuǎn)化等領(lǐng)域處于世界領(lǐng)先地位。水稻作為主要的糧食作物,供許多人直接食用,因此轉(zhuǎn)基因水稻的安全問(wèn)題備受關(guān)注,政府決策者在支持轉(zhuǎn)基因水稻科學(xué)技術(shù)研發(fā)和產(chǎn)業(yè)化應(yīng)用方面也持十分謹(jǐn)慎的態(tài)度。但隨著轉(zhuǎn)基因技術(shù)的不斷完善以及人類對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)基因水稻的安全性的合理控制,越來(lái)越多的人會(huì)認(rèn)同和接受轉(zhuǎn)基因水稻,轉(zhuǎn)基因水稻產(chǎn)業(yè)化也是歷史發(fā)展的必然趨勢(shì)。我國(guó)是世界上最大的水稻生產(chǎn)國(guó)和消費(fèi)國(guó),我們要利用我國(guó)在水稻品種研發(fā)上具有的比較優(yōu)勢(shì),爭(zhēng)取占領(lǐng)轉(zhuǎn)基因水稻未來(lái)市場(chǎng)的較大份額。轉(zhuǎn)基因水稻研發(fā)和生產(chǎn)應(yīng)用的一個(gè)關(guān)鍵之處在于對(duì)其知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)的保護(hù),目前我國(guó)轉(zhuǎn)基因水稻研發(fā)者大多處于比較分散的狀態(tài),資源難以有效集中,雖然在轉(zhuǎn)基因水稻重大專項(xiàng)課題組下有所交流與合作,但并沒(méi)有形成一個(gè)統(tǒng)一的管理服務(wù)組織,這不利于對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)基因水稻知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)的保護(hù),也不利于轉(zhuǎn)基因水稻的科技創(chuàng)新和市場(chǎng)化發(fā)展。因此,轉(zhuǎn)基因水稻知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)聯(lián)盟的建立和運(yùn)行就顯得十分重要。聯(lián)盟在轉(zhuǎn)基因水稻知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)創(chuàng)造、運(yùn)用、管理、保護(hù)等方面將提供充分的保障,并有利于解決我國(guó)在轉(zhuǎn)基因水稻科研育種和商業(yè)化生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)過(guò)程中突顯的知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)問(wèn)題。為此,本研究以轉(zhuǎn)基因水稻知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)聯(lián)盟為研究對(duì)象,主要從以下方面展開論述。 首先,從基本概念入手,分別闡述轉(zhuǎn)基因水稻、知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)聯(lián)盟、轉(zhuǎn)基因水稻知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)聯(lián)盟的內(nèi)涵。同時(shí)以利益平衡理論、資源共享理論為切入點(diǎn),對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)基因水稻知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)聯(lián)盟運(yùn)行機(jī)制的理論基礎(chǔ)進(jìn)行剖析。 其次,從外部和內(nèi)部?jī)蓚�(gè)方面分析轉(zhuǎn)基因水稻知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)聯(lián)盟形成的動(dòng)因。外部動(dòng)因在于國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)日益激烈的需求和國(guó)內(nèi)轉(zhuǎn)基因水稻產(chǎn)業(yè)化發(fā)展的需要,內(nèi)部動(dòng)因在于資源的合理配置、創(chuàng)新效率的提高以及相互學(xué)習(xí)的需求。由此,明確了轉(zhuǎn)基因水稻知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)聯(lián)盟建立的必要性。 再次,通過(guò)對(duì)金色水稻專利聯(lián)盟、中國(guó)種業(yè)知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)聯(lián)盟已有的相關(guān)知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)聯(lián)盟的實(shí)踐及其運(yùn)行經(jīng)驗(yàn)的歸納和總結(jié),為我國(guó)轉(zhuǎn)基因水稻知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)聯(lián)盟建立和正常運(yùn)行提供相關(guān)借鑒。并從主體、組織機(jī)構(gòu)及聯(lián)盟成員的權(quán)利義務(wù)等方面分析我國(guó)轉(zhuǎn)基因水稻知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)聯(lián)盟具體制度。 最后,就預(yù)期我國(guó)轉(zhuǎn)基因水稻知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)聯(lián)盟運(yùn)行的內(nèi)部機(jī)制和外部法律支持進(jìn)行分析。其中,內(nèi)部運(yùn)行機(jī)制包括轉(zhuǎn)基因水稻知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)聯(lián)盟的信任機(jī)制、知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)評(píng)估機(jī)制、利益分享機(jī)制以及協(xié)調(diào)機(jī)制；外部法律支持則從轉(zhuǎn)基因水稻在科研育種階段、知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)申請(qǐng)階段和最終商業(yè)化生產(chǎn)、經(jīng)營(yíng)階段分別論述,促使我國(guó)轉(zhuǎn)基因水稻知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)聯(lián)盟順利運(yùn)行,服務(wù)于轉(zhuǎn)基因水稻創(chuàng)新和發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:Modern biotechnology, represented by transgenic technology, has become the leading force in the economic development of the twenty-first Century. In the field of transgenic rice research, the research ability of our country is in sync with the world. It is in the world leading position in the genome program of indica rice, research and development of transgenic rice and multi gene CO conversion in the fields of rice. As the main food crops for many people to eat directly, the safety of transgenic rice has attracted much attention. Government policymakers also take a very cautious attitude to support the scientific and Technological Development and industrialization of transgenic rice. However, with the continuous improvement of transgenic technology and the rationality of human transgenic rice, the safety of transgenic rice is reasonable. More and more people will identify and accept transgenic rice, and the industrialization of transgenic rice is also the inevitable trend of historical development. China is the largest rice producer and consumer in the world. We should make use of the comparative advantages of our country in rice variety research and development, and strive to occupy a larger share of the future market of transgenic rice. One of the key points of the R & D and production application of genetic rice lies in the protection of its intellectual property rights. At present, most of the transgenic rice developers in China are in a relatively scattered state, and the resources are difficult to be concentrated effectively. Although there are some exchanges and cooperation under the major special project group of transgenic rice, there is no unified management service. Organization, this is not conducive to the protection of intellectual property rights of transgenic rice, it is also not conducive to the scientific and technological innovation and market development of transgenic rice. Therefore, the establishment and operation of the intellectual property alliance of transgenic rice is very important. And it is beneficial to solve the problem of intellectual property right highlighted in the process of scientific research and breeding and commercial production and operation of transgenic rice in our country. Therefore, this study focuses on the intellectual property alliance of transgenic rice, mainly from the following aspects.
First of all, starting with the basic concepts, this paper expounds the connotation of genetically modified rice, intellectual property alliance and the intellectual property alliance of transgenic rice. At the same time, the theoretical basis of the operation mechanism of the intellectual property alliance of transgenic rice is analyzed with the theory of balance of interests and the theory of resource sharing.
Secondly, from the two aspects of the external and internal analysis of the causes of the formation of Intellectual Property Alliance of transgenic rice. The external motivation lies in the increasing demand of international competition and the needs of the development of the industrialization of transgenic rice at home. The internal motivation lies in the rational allocation of resources, the improvement of innovation efficiency and the need for mutual learning. The necessity of establishing intellectual property alliance of transgenic rice.
Thirdly, through the induction and summary of the practice and operation experience of the patent alliance of golden rice and the related intellectual property alliance of China's seed industry intellectual property alliance, it provides some reference for the establishment and normal operation of the intellectual property alliance of transgenic rice in China. The specific system of Intellectual Property Alliance of genetically modified rice in China is analyzed.
Finally, the internal mechanism and external legal support for the operation of the intellectual property alliance of transgenic rice are expected to be analyzed. The internal operating mechanism includes the trust mechanism of the intellectual property alliance of transgenic rice, the mechanism of intellectual property assessment, the mechanism of benefit sharing and the coordination mechanism, and the external legal support is from the transgenic rice in the family. The stage of research and breeding, the application stage of intellectual property and the final commercial production, and the operation stage are discussed respectively, which will promote the smooth operation of the intellectual property alliance of transgenic rice in China and serve the innovation and development of transgenic rice.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：D923.4

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本文編號(hào)：2154005