【摘要】：我國(guó)是一個(gè)幅員遼闊的多民族國(guó)家,民間文學(xué)藝術(shù)作品琳瑯滿目,豐富多彩,是民族多樣性的集中體現(xiàn)。隨著社會(huì)的發(fā)展,民間文學(xué)藝術(shù)作品逐漸從傳統(tǒng)的使用方式向商業(yè)化轉(zhuǎn)變,其極高的藝術(shù)價(jià)值和商業(yè)價(jià)值顯現(xiàn)出來。由于對(duì)民間文學(xué)藝術(shù)作品的立法一直未能出臺(tái),傳統(tǒng)的民間文學(xué)藝術(shù)作品在現(xiàn)代社會(huì)沒有一個(gè)良好的法律環(huán)境,由此也導(dǎo)致了很多問題。近年來,關(guān)于民間文學(xué)藝術(shù)作品的著作權(quán)糾紛屢見不鮮,其他國(guó)家掠奪我國(guó)民間文學(xué)藝術(shù)資源的現(xiàn)象也時(shí)有發(fā)生,對(duì)民間文學(xué)藝術(shù)作品的立法不應(yīng)當(dāng)再止步不前。其中,最大的立法難點(diǎn)就是民間文學(xué)藝術(shù)作品著作權(quán)主體的界定,權(quán)利主體的確定是定紛止?fàn)�、保護(hù)和傳承民間文學(xué)藝術(shù)作品的關(guān)鍵所在。本文通過比較研究法、判例研究法、實(shí)證分析法等研究方法,在國(guó)外立法考察和學(xué)者觀點(diǎn)分析的基礎(chǔ)上,運(yùn)用知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)的基本理論對(duì)民間文學(xué)藝術(shù)作品的權(quán)利歸屬進(jìn)行剖析,認(rèn)為應(yīng)當(dāng)由來源群體對(duì)其創(chuàng)作和保有的民間文學(xué)藝術(shù)作品享有著作權(quán)。從民間文學(xué)藝術(shù)作品的本質(zhì)屬性和特殊性的視角來看,群體權(quán)利主體模式不僅具有理論基礎(chǔ),還具有現(xiàn)實(shí)可能性,同時(shí)來源群體根據(jù)種族和地域的雙重標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是能夠確定下來的。著作權(quán)法的諸多基本理念和原則與民間文學(xué)藝術(shù)作品具有契合性,只要在既有法律框架內(nèi)進(jìn)行適度創(chuàng)新和擴(kuò)張,是完全可以將民間文學(xué)藝術(shù)作品納入進(jìn)來的。民間文學(xué)藝術(shù)作品作為人類的智力勞動(dòng)成果,與版權(quán)客體具有契合性,不能僅僅因?yàn)槠鋭?chuàng)作主體的特殊性而放棄版權(quán)法保護(hù)。著作權(quán)法可以通過賦予來源群體以集體作者身份來承認(rèn)其著作權(quán)主體的地位,并適當(dāng)創(chuàng)新民事法定代理制度來解決來源群體行為能力缺陷的問題,輔之以利益平衡機(jī)制和登記制度。在構(gòu)建民間文學(xué)藝術(shù)作品著作權(quán)群體權(quán)利主體制度時(shí),要尊重來源群體的傳統(tǒng)和習(xí)慣,突出其精神權(quán)利的保護(hù)。
[Abstract]:China is a vast multi-ethnic country, folk literature and art works are rich and colorful, is a concentrated embodiment of national diversity. With the development of society, folk literature and art works gradually change from the traditional way of use to commercialization, its extremely high artistic value and commercial value appear. Because the legislation of folklore works has not been enacted, the traditional folklore works in modern society do not have a good legal environment, which also leads to a lot of problems. In recent years, the disputes about the copyright of folk literature and art works are common, and other countries plunder the folk literature and art resources of our country from time to time, so the legislation of folk literature and art works should not stop at the same time. Among them, the biggest legislative difficulty is the definition of the subject of copyright of folklore and art works, the determination of the subject of rights is the key to settle disputes and to protect and inherit the works of folklore and art. Through comparative research, case study, empirical analysis and other research methods, on the basis of foreign legislative investigation and scholars' viewpoint analysis, this paper analyzes the right attribution of folk literature and art works by using the basic theory of intellectual property. The author thinks that the folklore works which should be created and retained by the source groups should be copyrighted. From the perspective of the essence and particularity of folk literature and art works, the mode of subject of group rights has not only theoretical foundation, but also realistic possibility. At the same time, the source groups can be determined according to the double standards of race and region. Many basic ideas and principles of copyright law are consistent with folklore and art works. So long as we make moderate innovation and expansion within the existing legal framework, we can completely bring folk literature and art works into account. As a result of human intellectual labor, folklore and art works are consistent with the copyright object, so we can not give up copyright law protection just because of the particularity of its creative subject. The copyright law can recognize the status of the copyright subject by endowing the source group with the status of collective author, and properly innovate the civil statutory agency system to solve the problem of the defect of the source group's ability to act. It is supplemented by an interest balance mechanism and a registration system. In constructing the subject system of copyright rights of folk literature and art works, we should respect the traditions and habits of the source groups and highlight the protection of their spiritual rights.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：D923.41

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本文編號(hào)：2134421