視線跟蹤系統(tǒng)的SOC設(shè)計和驗證
本文選題:SOC + 視線跟蹤; 參考:《華南理工大學》2013年碩士論文
【摘要】:SOC(片上系統(tǒng))將微處理器,數(shù)字、模擬功能單元和存儲器等基本模塊集成到單一芯片上,從而具有高速、低功耗和多功能等特點。因此,SOC技術(shù)及其設(shè)計方法學已成為集成電路未來發(fā)展和研究的主流,其中SOPC(System On Programmable Chip)技術(shù),即可編程片上系統(tǒng),提供了一種在性能、效率和成本上可靈活折衷的SOC解決方案。它通過片上總線和IP核(知識產(chǎn)權(quán))復(fù)用的方式,將軟硬件各功能模塊集成到單一片上系統(tǒng),實現(xiàn)SOC系統(tǒng)的集成。 本文依據(jù)片上總線和IP核復(fù)用的SOC設(shè)計方法,開展視線跟蹤系統(tǒng)的SOC設(shè)計與驗證。在分析系統(tǒng)需求和算法原理的基礎(chǔ)下,比較各種可行方案,對系統(tǒng)進行設(shè)計和集成,并在SOPC實際系統(tǒng)中進行驗證。本文的主要研究工作包括: (1)介紹SOC的概念、優(yōu)勢及其設(shè)計方法學的研究現(xiàn)狀和視線跟蹤系統(tǒng)的SOC研究進展,分析說明了視線跟蹤SOC系統(tǒng)廣闊的應(yīng)用前景和市場前景。 (2)介紹基于普爾欽斑點法的視線跟蹤技術(shù)的基本原理和工作流程,在普爾欽斑點法流程分析的基礎(chǔ)上對SOC系統(tǒng)進行功能劃為,確定SOC系統(tǒng)的框架。深入分析基于Adaboost的人眼定位算法的基本原理,對其進行數(shù)據(jù)流的分析和模塊劃分,提出了基于向量法的快速積分圖生成器,并針對級聯(lián)分類器通過率的差異設(shè)計串并混合架構(gòu)的分類器。 (3)詳細介紹視線向量提取的基本原理,針對瞳孔、亮斑定位算法的特點,采用軟硬件協(xié)同設(shè)計的方法設(shè)計視線向量提取硬件模塊。本文采用隨機抽樣一致性算法進行橢圓擬合以精確估計瞳孔中心,提高了系統(tǒng)的視線跟蹤精度。通過分析隨機抽樣一致性擬合算法的數(shù)據(jù)流,對其進行模塊劃分,完成了改進型偽隨機數(shù)生成器、矩陣快速逆運算和基于代數(shù)距離誤差累計模塊的設(shè)計和驗證。 (4)對本文視線跟蹤系統(tǒng)進行SOPC集成和驗證,通過對樣本集進行的測試實驗說明SOC系統(tǒng)的運算結(jié)果與原型算法高度接近,保持了算法的原樣性。同時,系統(tǒng)運行在50MHz的SOPC平臺上,處理速度達到11幀/秒,,基本達到實時性的要求。通過對SOPC系統(tǒng)與其他平臺系統(tǒng)的檢測精度與運行效率比較證明:SOC系統(tǒng)能夠在保證精度的前提下,以較低的運行頻率實現(xiàn)高性能的運算,充分體現(xiàn)了SOC技術(shù)及其設(shè)計方法學的先進性。
[Abstract]:SOC (on-chip system) integrates the basic modules of microprocessor, digital, analog function unit and memory into a single chip, which has the characteristics of high speed, low power consumption and multifunction. Therefore, SOC technology and its design methodology have become the mainstream of IC development and research in the future. Among them, SOPC (system on Programmable Chip) technology, that is, system on Programmable Chip, provides a flexible SOC solution in terms of performance, efficiency and cost. By means of on-chip bus and IP core (IP) reuse, the software and hardware modules are integrated into a single chip system to realize the SOC system integration. According to SOC design method of on-chip bus and IP core reuse, the SOC design and verification of line of sight tracking system are carried out in this paper. Based on the analysis of the system requirements and the principle of the algorithm, this paper compares various feasible schemes, designs and integrates the system, and verifies it in the actual SOPC system. The main work of this paper is as follows: (1) introduce the concept, advantages and design methodology of SOC. The broad application prospect and market prospect of the sight tracking SOC system are analyzed. (2) the basic principle and work flow of the line of sight tracking technology based on the Pulchin speckle method are introduced. Based on the process analysis of Pohin's spot method, the function of SOC system is classified, and the frame of SOC system is determined. The basic principle of human eye location algorithm based on Adaboost is analyzed, and the data flow and module partition are analyzed. A fast integral graph generator based on vector method is proposed. A series-parallel hybrid classifier is designed for the difference of pass rate of cascaded classifiers. (3) the basic principle of line of sight vector extraction is introduced in detail, and the characteristics of pupil and bright spot location algorithm are discussed in detail. The hardware module of line of sight vector extraction is designed by hardware and software co-design. In this paper, the random sampling consistency algorithm is used for ellipse fitting to estimate pupil center accurately, which improves the tracking accuracy of the system. By analyzing the data flow of random sampling consistency fitting algorithm and dividing it into modules, the improved pseudorandom number generator is completed. The fast inversion of matrix and the design and verification of the module based on algebraic distance error accumulation. (4) the SOPC integration and verification of the line of sight tracking system in this paper. The test results of the sample set show that the calculation result of SOC system is close to that of the prototype algorithm, and the algorithm remains the same as the original algorithm. At the same time, the system runs on a 50MHz SOPC platform, and the processing speed reaches 11 frames / sec, which basically meets the requirement of real time. By comparing the detection accuracy and operation efficiency of SOPC system with that of other platforms, it is proved that the system can achieve high performance operation with low operating frequency under the premise of ensuring precision. It fully embodies the advancement of SOC technology and its design methodology.
【學位授予單位】:華南理工大學
【學位級別】:碩士
【學位授予年份】:2013
【分類號】:TN47;TP391.41
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