本文選題：人格 + 形象權(quán)�。� 參考：《浙江師范大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：形象權(quán)是一項(xiàng)保護(hù)形象權(quán)人將其形象因素商業(yè)性利用,獲得一定經(jīng)濟(jì)收益,并防止他人未經(jīng)授權(quán)而惡意商業(yè)化使用的新型人格權(quán)。我國目前為止還沒有完善的法律體系對形象利益加以保護(hù),僅通過一些既有法律對其進(jìn)行保護(hù),例如著作權(quán)法、商標(biāo)法、傳統(tǒng)人格權(quán)法和反不正當(dāng)競爭法等。然而,由于形象權(quán)的特殊性,各法對其進(jìn)行規(guī)范和保護(hù)難免會不融洽,且存在法律漏洞的現(xiàn)象,使得形象權(quán)得不到充分的保護(hù)。由此可以明確,我國應(yīng)當(dāng)專門針對形象權(quán)益的保護(hù)設(shè)立一項(xiàng)新的法律。形象權(quán)的內(nèi)容應(yīng)當(dāng)包括以下內(nèi)容：形象權(quán)的性質(zhì)、權(quán)利主體、權(quán)利客體、權(quán)利內(nèi)容、形象權(quán)侵權(quán)認(rèn)定、形象權(quán)侵權(quán)保護(hù)措施和形象權(quán)的限制等內(nèi)容。本文由七個(gè)部分組成,包括引言、結(jié)語,以及以下五個(gè)部分： 第一部分：論述了形象權(quán)的概念界定和法律保護(hù)的現(xiàn)實(shí)需要。首先,論述了國內(nèi)外關(guān)于形象權(quán)概念的研究現(xiàn)狀和界定。而關(guān)于形象權(quán)的性質(zhì),在理論界主要有四種觀點(diǎn)：無形財(cái)產(chǎn)說、商事人格權(quán)說、知識產(chǎn)權(quán)說和新型人格權(quán)說。本文認(rèn)為形象權(quán)屬于新型人格。其次,權(quán)形象權(quán)的保護(hù)是市場經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的必然要求、完善我國法律體系的必然要求,并且有利于和國際接軌。 第二部分：論述了確立形象權(quán)的理論依據(jù)。首先,理論基礎(chǔ)。形象權(quán)的理論基礎(chǔ)包括：勞動成果說、經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值說和消費(fèi)者保護(hù)說。其次,不能被其他相關(guān)權(quán)利所概括。形象權(quán)不能被現(xiàn)有人格權(quán)、著作權(quán)和商標(biāo)權(quán)所概括。 第三部分：論述了美國形象權(quán)及對其的借鑒。美國針對形象權(quán)的保護(hù)模式是以形象權(quán)和隱私權(quán)結(jié)合,并以《反不正當(dāng)競爭法重述(第三版)》作為輔助的形式。然而,美國的形象權(quán)制度只停留于以州為單位的立法層面,而沒有涉及到以聯(lián)邦、國家為單位的立法層面。并且美國形象權(quán)法存在過于抽象,容易使人誤解的問題。美國各州法也未將虛擬角色納入形象權(quán)保護(hù)體系當(dāng)中。我國在制定符合我國國情的形象權(quán)制度體系的時(shí)候,要吸取美國立法的精髓,并且注意和避免美國立法上存在的一些不足和缺陷,以達(dá)到進(jìn)一步的完善。 第四部分：論述了我國形象權(quán)的基本內(nèi)容。形象權(quán)的主體包括自然人和虛構(gòu)角色,并且自然人不限于“名人”,表演者對其表演的形象在一定程度上享有形象權(quán),形象權(quán)在死者死后的一定期限內(nèi)仍然存在。形象權(quán)的客體筆者將其界定為“信譽(yù)”,通過一定的載體,也就是形象權(quán)保護(hù)的對象(姓名、肖像、聲音等能標(biāo)識特殊身份的形象因素)表現(xiàn)出來。形象權(quán)的內(nèi)容包括形象權(quán)人對其形象權(quán)的專有權(quán)和形象使用權(quán),以及其形象維護(hù)權(quán)。 第五部分：論述了我國形象權(quán)的保護(hù)。首先,我國現(xiàn)有保護(hù)模式對于形象利益的保護(hù)存在缺陷。其次,形象權(quán)的侵權(quán)認(rèn)定和救濟(jì)方式。再次,論述的是形象權(quán)與其他相關(guān)權(quán)利的沖突和解決該沖突的方式和原則。最后,形象權(quán)的限制。形象權(quán)受到保護(hù)的同時(shí)也受到公序良俗、言論自由、禁止濫用原則和保護(hù)期限的限制。 形象權(quán)在我國只停留在理論階段,立法層面尚未觸及,仍舊一片空白。本文將對形象權(quán)加以定性,并在分析我國形象權(quán)保護(hù)現(xiàn)狀的前提下,對美國形象權(quán)做一借鑒,從而為形象權(quán)的建構(gòu)提出自己的建議。
[Abstract]:The right of image is a new personality right which protects the image right from the commercial use of its image factor, obtains certain economic benefits, and prevents other people from unauthorized and malicious commercial use. In the present, there is no perfect legal system to protect the image interests, and only through some existing laws to protect it, such as works. Right law, trademark law, traditional personality right law and anti unfair competition law. However, because of the particularity of the right of image, there will be no harmony between the norms and protection of the various laws, and there is a phenomenon of legal loopholes, which makes the right of image not fully protected. It is clear that China should set up a special protection for the protection of the rights and interests of the image. The new law. The content of the right of image should include the following contents: the character of the right of image, the subject of right, the object of the right, the content of the right, the identification of the infringement of the right of image, the protection of the right of image and the limitation of the right of image. This article is composed of seven parts, including the introduction, the knot and the following five parts:
The first part discusses the definition of the right of image and the practical needs of legal protection. First, it discusses the status and definition of the research on the concept of right of image at home and abroad. In the theoretical circle, there are four main points of view on the nature of the right of image: the theory of intangible property, the theory of commercial personality, the theory of intellectual property and the new personality right. The right of image belongs to the new personality. Secondly, the protection of right image right is the inevitable requirement of the development of the market economy, the inevitable requirement of perfecting the legal system of our country, and it is beneficial to the international integration.
The second part discusses the theoretical basis of establishing the right to image. First, the theoretical basis. The theoretical basis of the right of image includes the theory of labor results, economic value and consumer protection. Secondly, it can not be summarized by other related rights. The right of image can not be summed up by the existing personality rights, copyright and trademark rights.
The third part discusses the American image right and its reference. The protection mode of the right of image in the United States is combined with the right of image and the right to privacy, and the restatement of the Anti Unfair Competition Law (Third Edition) as an auxiliary form. However, the image rights system in the United States is only in the legislative level of the state, but not by the Federation, The state is the legislative level of the unit. And the American image rights law is too abstract and easy to misunderstand. The United States state law has not incorporated the virtual role into the image right protection system. In making the system of the image rights system that conforms to the national conditions of our country, we should absorb the essence of the United States national law, and pay attention to and avoid the United States. There are some deficiencies and defects in legislation so as to further improve.
The fourth part discusses the basic content of the right of image in our country. The main body of the right of image includes natural and fictional characters, and the natural person is not limited to the "celebrity", the performer enjoys the image right to some extent, and the right of image still exists in a certain period after the death of the deceased. The object of image right is defined as the object of image. "Reputation" is expressed through a certain carrier, that is, the object of the image right protection (name, portrait, sound, etc.). The content of the right of image includes the right of the image right and the right to use the image right, and the right to maintain the image.
The fifth part discusses the protection of the right of image in our country. First, there are defects in the protection mode of our country for the protection of the image interests. Secondly, the infringement identification and relief mode of the right of image. Again, the conflict between the right of image and other related rights and the formula and principle to solve the conflict. Finally, the limitation of image right. At the same time, it is also protected by public order and good customs, freedom of speech, prohibition of abuse of principle and limitation of protection.
The right of image in our country only stays in the theoretical stage, the legislative level has not yet been touched, still a blank. This article will make a qualitative analysis of the right to image, and on the premise of analyzing the status of the protection of the right of image in our country, make a reference to the right of image in the United States, and put forward some suggestions for the construction of the right of image.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D923

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