本文選題：人格 + 形象權�。� 參考：《浙江師范大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：形象權是一項保護形象權人將其形象因素商業(yè)性利用,獲得一定經濟收益,并防止他人未經授權而惡意商業(yè)化使用的新型人格權。我國目前為止還沒有完善的法律體系對形象利益加以保護,僅通過一些既有法律對其進行保護,例如著作權法、商標法、傳統(tǒng)人格權法和反不正當競爭法等。然而,由于形象權的特殊性,各法對其進行規(guī)范和保護難免會不融洽,且存在法律漏洞的現象,使得形象權得不到充分的保護。由此可以明確,我國應當專門針對形象權益的保護設立一項新的法律。形象權的內容應當包括以下內容：形象權的性質、權利主體、權利客體、權利內容、形象權侵權認定、形象權侵權保護措施和形象權的限制等內容。本文由七個部分組成,包括引言、結語,以及以下五個部分： 第一部分：論述了形象權的概念界定和法律保護的現實需要。首先,論述了國內外關于形象權概念的研究現狀和界定。而關于形象權的性質,在理論界主要有四種觀點：無形財產說、商事人格權說、知識產權說和新型人格權說。本文認為形象權屬于新型人格。其次,權形象權的保護是市場經濟發(fā)展的必然要求、完善我國法律體系的必然要求,并且有利于和國際接軌。 第二部分：論述了確立形象權的理論依據。首先,理論基礎。形象權的理論基礎包括：勞動成果說、經濟價值說和消費者保護說。其次,不能被其他相關權利所概括。形象權不能被現有人格權、著作權和商標權所概括。 第三部分：論述了美國形象權及對其的借鑒。美國針對形象權的保護模式是以形象權和隱私權結合,并以《反不正當競爭法重述(第三版)》作為輔助的形式。然而,美國的形象權制度只停留于以州為單位的立法層面,而沒有涉及到以聯邦、國家為單位的立法層面。并且美國形象權法存在過于抽象,容易使人誤解的問題。美國各州法也未將虛擬角色納入形象權保護體系當中。我國在制定符合我國國情的形象權制度體系的時候,要吸取美國立法的精髓,并且注意和避免美國立法上存在的一些不足和缺陷,以達到進一步的完善。 第四部分：論述了我國形象權的基本內容。形象權的主體包括自然人和虛構角色,并且自然人不限于“名人”,表演者對其表演的形象在一定程度上享有形象權,形象權在死者死后的一定期限內仍然存在。形象權的客體筆者將其界定為“信譽”,通過一定的載體,也就是形象權保護的對象(姓名、肖像、聲音等能標識特殊身份的形象因素)表現出來。形象權的內容包括形象權人對其形象權的專有權和形象使用權,以及其形象維護權。 第五部分：論述了我國形象權的保護。首先,我國現有保護模式對于形象利益的保護存在缺陷。其次,形象權的侵權認定和救濟方式。再次,論述的是形象權與其他相關權利的沖突和解決該沖突的方式和原則。最后,形象權的限制。形象權受到保護的同時也受到公序良俗、言論自由、禁止濫用原則和保護期限的限制。 形象權在我國只停留在理論階段,立法層面尚未觸及,仍舊一片空白。本文將對形象權加以定性,并在分析我國形象權保護現狀的前提下,對美國形象權做一借鑒,從而為形象權的建構提出自己的建議。
[Abstract]:The right of image is a new personality right which protects the image right from the commercial use of its image factor, obtains certain economic benefits, and prevents other people from unauthorized and malicious commercial use. In the present, there is no perfect legal system to protect the image interests, and only through some existing laws to protect it, such as works. Right law, trademark law, traditional personality right law and anti unfair competition law. However, because of the particularity of the right of image, there will be no harmony between the norms and protection of the various laws, and there is a phenomenon of legal loopholes, which makes the right of image not fully protected. It is clear that China should set up a special protection for the protection of the rights and interests of the image. The new law. The content of the right of image should include the following contents: the character of the right of image, the subject of right, the object of the right, the content of the right, the identification of the infringement of the right of image, the protection of the right of image and the limitation of the right of image. This article is composed of seven parts, including the introduction, the knot and the following five parts:
The first part discusses the definition of the right of image and the practical needs of legal protection. First, it discusses the status and definition of the research on the concept of right of image at home and abroad. In the theoretical circle, there are four main points of view on the nature of the right of image: the theory of intangible property, the theory of commercial personality, the theory of intellectual property and the new personality right. The right of image belongs to the new personality. Secondly, the protection of right image right is the inevitable requirement of the development of the market economy, the inevitable requirement of perfecting the legal system of our country, and it is beneficial to the international integration.
The second part discusses the theoretical basis of establishing the right to image. First, the theoretical basis. The theoretical basis of the right of image includes the theory of labor results, economic value and consumer protection. Secondly, it can not be summarized by other related rights. The right of image can not be summed up by the existing personality rights, copyright and trademark rights.
The third part discusses the American image right and its reference. The protection mode of the right of image in the United States is combined with the right of image and the right to privacy, and the restatement of the Anti Unfair Competition Law (Third Edition) as an auxiliary form. However, the image rights system in the United States is only in the legislative level of the state, but not by the Federation, The state is the legislative level of the unit. And the American image rights law is too abstract and easy to misunderstand. The United States state law has not incorporated the virtual role into the image right protection system. In making the system of the image rights system that conforms to the national conditions of our country, we should absorb the essence of the United States national law, and pay attention to and avoid the United States. There are some deficiencies and defects in legislation so as to further improve.
The fourth part discusses the basic content of the right of image in our country. The main body of the right of image includes natural and fictional characters, and the natural person is not limited to the "celebrity", the performer enjoys the image right to some extent, and the right of image still exists in a certain period after the death of the deceased. The object of image right is defined as the object of image. "Reputation" is expressed through a certain carrier, that is, the object of the image right protection (name, portrait, sound, etc.). The content of the right of image includes the right of the image right and the right to use the image right, and the right to maintain the image.
The fifth part discusses the protection of the right of image in our country. First, there are defects in the protection mode of our country for the protection of the image interests. Secondly, the infringement identification and relief mode of the right of image. Again, the conflict between the right of image and other related rights and the formula and principle to solve the conflict. Finally, the limitation of image right. At the same time, it is also protected by public order and good customs, freedom of speech, prohibition of abuse of principle and limitation of protection.
The right of image in our country only stays in the theoretical stage, the legislative level has not yet been touched, still a blank. This article will make a qualitative analysis of the right to image, and on the premise of analyzing the status of the protection of the right of image in our country, make a reference to the right of image in the United States, and put forward some suggestions for the construction of the right of image.
【學位授予單位】：浙江師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D923

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