發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-15 11:52

  本文選題：風(fēng)險(xiǎn)補(bǔ)償 + 科技貸款��； 參考：《華南理工大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：為了鼓勵(lì)銀行給中小科技型企業(yè)貸款，廣東省科技廳通過財(cái)政專項(xiàng)資金設(shè)立科技貸款風(fēng)險(xiǎn)準(zhǔn)備金，以補(bǔ)貼銀行的方式鼓勵(lì)銀行給中小科技企業(yè)貸款。因此，科技貸款風(fēng)險(xiǎn)準(zhǔn)備金屬于財(cái)政資金間接補(bǔ)貼貸款給中小科技企業(yè)的銀行的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)貸款損失，它的發(fā)放與銀行貸款形成了風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分擔(dān)機(jī)制，從而使銀行貸款給急需發(fā)展的科技型中小企業(yè)。本文的研究，對(duì)于緩解我國(guó)中小科技型企業(yè)銀行融資難的困境，有著一定的理論價(jià)值；同時(shí)對(duì)廣東省科技貸款風(fēng)險(xiǎn)準(zhǔn)備金具體做法的剖析，可以發(fā)現(xiàn)在運(yùn)用財(cái)政資金補(bǔ)貼銀行過程中存在的問題并加以改進(jìn)和優(yōu)化，，對(duì)于廣東省發(fā)展科技金融，也有著一定的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。 本文基于廣東省科技貸款風(fēng)險(xiǎn)準(zhǔn)備金這一視角探討廣東省在發(fā)展科技金融的過程中如何解決科技型中小企業(yè)銀行融資難的問題以及存在的瓶頸。首先，第二章詳細(xì)介紹了廣東省科技貸款風(fēng)險(xiǎn)準(zhǔn)備金項(xiàng)目的操作流程、取得成果，并根據(jù)在廣東省生產(chǎn)力促進(jìn)中心取得的數(shù)據(jù)資料進(jìn)行整理分析，詳細(xì)闡述了該風(fēng)險(xiǎn)準(zhǔn)備金項(xiàng)目存在的三個(gè)問題：不生產(chǎn)物質(zhì)產(chǎn)品的科技企業(yè)參與度不高、支持的科技貸款類型少（不含知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)質(zhì)押貸款）、該風(fēng)險(xiǎn)準(zhǔn)備金項(xiàng)目的示范效應(yīng)大于實(shí)際效應(yīng)；接下來分析了導(dǎo)致這三個(gè)問題的最根本原因是在于政府風(fēng)險(xiǎn)意識(shí)強(qiáng)，缺乏選擇項(xiàng)目的自主權(quán)，擔(dān)心貸款銀行和借款企業(yè)合謀騙取財(cái)政補(bǔ)貼的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)準(zhǔn)備金。正是因?yàn)檎羞@樣的顧慮，并且政府在選擇項(xiàng)目上沒有自主權(quán)，只是單方面地接收合作銀行推薦的項(xiàng)目，這樣一來，銀行越過政府決定項(xiàng)目的去留，政府對(duì)銀行推薦的項(xiàng)目沒有調(diào)查，沒有審核，只會(huì)加深疑慮，導(dǎo)致廣東省科技貸款風(fēng)險(xiǎn)準(zhǔn)備金項(xiàng)目被動(dòng)地將有發(fā)展前景的第三產(chǎn)業(yè)的科技企業(yè)與知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)質(zhì)押貸款拒之門外；也正是由于政府的顧慮，才會(huì)導(dǎo)致省科技廳提供的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)準(zhǔn)備金規(guī)模和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)補(bǔ)償比例不具吸引力，沒有加大宣傳力度，邁不開步子，導(dǎo)致該項(xiàng)目的示范效應(yīng)大于實(shí)際效應(yīng)。同時(shí)，本文通過建立基于合謀作假的政府、銀行、企業(yè)三方博弈模型，分析了政府掌握項(xiàng)目選擇主動(dòng)權(quán)并審核項(xiàng)目的必要性，推斷出如何加大政府選擇項(xiàng)目的主動(dòng)權(quán)是解決問題的關(guān)鍵。 其次，第三章對(duì)目前山東省、江蘇蘇州市、上海浦東新區(qū)利用財(cái)政專項(xiàng)資金對(duì)科技貸款進(jìn)行風(fēng)險(xiǎn)補(bǔ)償?shù)淖龇ㄟM(jìn)行介紹，并將其與廣東省科技貸款風(fēng)險(xiǎn)準(zhǔn)備金項(xiàng)目進(jìn)行比較分析，總結(jié)出該項(xiàng)目應(yīng)當(dāng)在項(xiàng)目審批流程上向蘇州與上海做法學(xué)習(xí)與借鑒。 最后，第四章根據(jù)第二、三章的分析，提出完善該項(xiàng)目的關(guān)鍵應(yīng)從打消政府的顧慮下手：加大政府對(duì)項(xiàng)目的自主選擇權(quán)，采取以政府推薦項(xiàng)目為主，合作銀行推薦項(xiàng)目為輔，并根據(jù)推薦方多承擔(dān)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)原則確定浮動(dòng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)補(bǔ)償比例：政府推薦項(xiàng)目按基準(zhǔn)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)補(bǔ)償比例基礎(chǔ)上適量上浮，銀行推薦項(xiàng)目按基準(zhǔn)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)補(bǔ)償比例適量下浮或維持不變；同時(shí)從防范金融風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，健全信息溝通方面提出對(duì)策。
[Abstract]:In order to encourage banks to lend to small and medium-sized scientific and technological enterprises, the Guangdong provincial science and Technology Department set up a risk reserve for science and technology loans through special financial funds to subsidize banks to encourage banks to lend to small and medium-sized scientific and technological enterprises. Therefore, the risk reserve of scientific and technological loans belongs to the risk of indirect subsidy loans from financial funds to the banks of small and medium-sized scientific and technological enterprises. The loan loss, its distribution and the bank loan form a risk sharing mechanism, so that the bank loan to the urgent development of the technology type small and medium enterprises. This paper has a certain theoretical value for alleviating the difficult position of financing difficulties in small and medium-sized scientific and technological enterprises in China. At the same time, the concrete practice of the risk reserve for scientific and technological loans in Guangdong province is also made. It can be found that the problems that exist in the process of applying financial funds to subsidize the banks can be improved and optimized. It also has some practical significance for the development of science and technology finance in Guangdong province.
Based on the view of Guangdong province science and technology loan risk reserve, this paper discusses how to solve the problems and bottlenecks of financing difficulties in scientific and technological SMEs in the process of developing science and technology finance in Guangdong province. First, the second chapter introduces the operation process of Guangdong science and technology loan risk preparation project in detail, and obtains the results and bases on it. The data obtained from the Guangdong Productivity Promotion Center are analyzed and analyzed in detail, and the three problems of the risk reserve project are described in detail: the low participation degree of the scientific and technological enterprises that do not produce material products, the less types of scientific loans supported by the science and Technology (without intellectual property mortgage loan), the demonstration effect of the risk reserve project is greater than that of the real one. The most fundamental reason for the three problems is the strong sense of government risk, the lack of autonomy in the choice of the project, the fear of the risk reserve of loan banks and borrowers to conspire to cheat the financial subsidies. In this way, the projects recommended by the cooperative banks are received. In this way, the bank has passed the government's decision to decide the project. The government has not investigated the projects recommended by the bank, and it will only deepen the doubt. The Guangdong science and technology loan risk reserve project will passively pledge the technology enterprise and intellectual property pledge of the third industry with the foreground. It is because of the government's concerns that the scale of risk reserve and the proportion of risk compensation provided by the Provincial Department of science and technology are not attractive. There is no increase in publicity and no step, which leads to the demonstration effect of the project is greater than the actual effect. At the same time, the government, bank, and enterprise based on conspiracy are established. The three party game model analyzes the necessity of the government to master the initiative and audit the project, and deduces how to increase the initiative of the government to choose the project is the key to solve the problem.
Secondly, the third chapter introduces the practice of using the financial special funds in Shandong, Jiangsu Suzhou city and Shanghai Pudong New Area to make use of the financial special funds to make the risk compensation of the scientific and technological loan, and compares it with the science and technology loan risk reserve project of Guangdong Province, and concludes that the project should learn from Suzhou and Shanghai in the project approval process. And the reference.
Finally, the fourth chapter, according to the analysis of the second, third chapter, puts forward that the key to the improvement of the project should be from the concern of eliminating the government: increasing the government's independent choice of the project, taking the government recommended projects as the main, the recommended project of the cooperative bank as the auxiliary, and determining the floating risk compensation proportion according to the risk principle of the recommended Party: government push The recommended items float on the basis of the proportion of the benchmark risk compensation, and the recommended projects are floating or maintained in accordance with the proportion of the base risk compensation. At the same time, the countermeasures are put forward to prevent the financial risk and improve the information communication.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：華南理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：F832.46

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本文編號(hào)：1892356