本文選題：全國運動會 + 歷史演進��； 參考：《北京體育大學》2013年博士論文

【摘要】：全國運動會(簡稱全運會)作為我國國內(nèi)水平最高、規(guī)模最大的綜合性運動會,其對于促進競技體育的發(fā)展和競技人才的培養(yǎng),帶動群眾體育發(fā)展,推進體育產(chǎn)業(yè)化和社會化,提升舉辦城市形象與優(yōu)化城市規(guī)劃建設(shè),推動體育文化和精神文明建設(shè)等方面發(fā)揮了非常重要的作用。但不可忽視的是其在發(fā)展進程中暴露出很多弊端,極大的影響了綜合性體育賽事的可持續(xù)發(fā)展,亟需對其進一步改革與完善。 本研究在科學發(fā)展觀、制度變遷理論、系統(tǒng)演化理論及品牌理論的基礎(chǔ)上,通過采用文獻資料法、專家訪談法、邏輯分析法及數(shù)理統(tǒng)計法對新中國成立以來舉辦過的歷屆全運會進行研究。 按照制度標準將全運會的歷史演進分為起步階段、停滯階段、探索階段、發(fā)展階段及調(diào)整階段五個階段。分別從全運會發(fā)展的歷史背景、辦賽理念、競賽制度、競賽組織體系、階段性特征及效益評價等六個方面對各階段全運會的演進脈絡(luò)進行梳理。 研究發(fā)現(xiàn),全運會在發(fā)展進程中主要存在賽事資源投入與效益產(chǎn)出不匹配,競賽體制僵化及強政府、弱市場的運作管理模式等問題。雖然全運會在競賽制度、管理體制、運轉(zhuǎn)模式等方面存在一些問題,但它為我國體育事業(yè)的發(fā)展做出卓越貢獻,建議應(yīng)予保留全運會。 為了促進全運會實現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展,建議首先對競賽制度進行優(yōu)化設(shè)計。規(guī)范運動員的注冊與交流,剔除部分運動項目,將冬季運動項目納入全國冬季運動會,單設(shè)三大球運動會,以單項錦標賽為依托,強化奧運項目發(fā)展,設(shè)置以中華武術(shù)為主體的民族傳統(tǒng)和特色運動會,設(shè)置全國青少年運動會,開設(shè)更多的基層運動會及擴大參賽對象范圍。第二,加大全運會市場化運作力度。深入挖掘全運會的有形資產(chǎn)資源、無形資產(chǎn)資源與衍生資源,設(shè)置市場開發(fā)部組織機構(gòu),完善企業(yè)贊助計劃、放開電視轉(zhuǎn)播權(quán)營銷,加大特許經(jīng)營權(quán)開發(fā)及調(diào)動廣泛的社會力量參與。第三,構(gòu)建全運會品牌。主要從品牌標識、品牌理念、品牌定位、品牌傳播與推廣四個方面展開。第四,強化全運會法律規(guī)章制度的建設(shè)。主要對全運會競賽法律規(guī)章制度、全運會市場開發(fā)法律規(guī)章制度及全運會知識產(chǎn)權(quán)法律規(guī)章制度進行建設(shè)與完善。在全運會辦賽理念創(chuàng)新方面,突出全民參與,突出促進賽事全面協(xié)調(diào)可持續(xù)發(fā)展及突出體育人文精神。在制度創(chuàng)新方面則引入“一心多點”的辦賽模式,反興奮準入制度,舉辦豐富多彩的賽事活動及建立裁判員激勵與約束機制。
[Abstract]:The National Games (referred to as the National Games), as the highest level and largest comprehensive sports meeting in China, will promote the development of competitive sports and the cultivation of competitive talents, promote the development of mass sports, and promote the industrialization and socialization of sports.It plays a very important role in improving the image of the host city, optimizing the urban planning and construction, and promoting the construction of sports culture and spiritual civilization.However, it can not be ignored that it has exposed many disadvantages in the process of development, which has greatly affected the sustainable development of comprehensive sports events, and needs to be further reformed and improved.On the basis of scientific development view, institutional change theory, system evolution theory and brand theory, this study adopts the method of literature, expert interview.Logic analysis and mathematical statistics are used to study the National Games held since the founding of New China.According to the system standard, the historical evolution of the National Games can be divided into five stages: starting stage, stagnant stage, exploring stage, developing stage and adjusting stage.This paper sorts out the evolution of the National Games from six aspects: the historical background of the development of the National Games, the idea of running the games, the competition system, the competition organization system, the characteristics of the stages and the evaluation of the benefits.It is found that there are some problems in the development of the National Games, such as the mismatch between the resource input and the benefit output, the rigid competition system, the strong government and the weak market operation and management mode.Although there are some problems in the competition system, management system and operation mode, the National Games has made outstanding contributions to the development of sports in China, and it is suggested that the National Games should be preserved.In order to promote the sustainable development of the National Games, it is suggested that the competition system be optimized.Standardize the registration and exchange of athletes, eliminate some sports items, bring winter sports events into the National Winter Games, set up only three big ball games, strengthen the development of Olympic events based on individual championships,Set up national traditional and characteristic sports meeting with Chinese martial arts as the main body, set up national youth sports meeting, set up more basic level sports meeting and expand the range of participants.Second, increase the National Games market operation.Dig into the physical assets resources, intangible assets resources and derivative resources of the National Games, set up the organization of the market development department, perfect the enterprise sponsorship plan, and open up the marketing of television broadcasting right.Increase franchise development and mobilize a wide range of social forces to participate.Third, build the National Games brand.Mainly from the brand logo, brand concept, brand positioning, brand communication and promotion of four aspects.Fourth, strengthen the construction of laws and regulations of the National Games.The legal rules and regulations of the National Games Competition, the National Games Market Development and the intellectual property laws and regulations of the National Games are mainly built and perfected.In the aspect of the innovation of the concept of the National Games, the participation of the whole people, the promotion of the overall coordinated and sustainable development of the events and the humanistic spirit of sports are emphasized.In the aspect of system innovation, the competition mode of "multi-point" is introduced, the system of anti-excitement admission, the holding of rich and colorful events and the establishment of referee incentive and restraint mechanism are introduced.
【學位授予單位】：北京體育大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：G812.20

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