發(fā)布時間：2018-04-09 17:41

  本文選題：超聲內(nèi)鏡　切入點：單片機　出處：《天津大學》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：前端驅(qū)動系統(tǒng)是超聲內(nèi)鏡成像設備的重要組成部分。超聲內(nèi)鏡成像設備通過超聲換能器進行組織特征探測，利用接收放大電路和數(shù)字處理電路實現(xiàn)回波信號的接收、調(diào)理、變換，最終形成組織的超聲斷層圖像。超聲內(nèi)鏡成像設備的前端驅(qū)動系統(tǒng)是驅(qū)動超聲換能器完成環(huán)掃成像的關鍵部件，其性能對超聲內(nèi)鏡成像質(zhì)量具有重要的影響。為開發(fā)具有自主知識產(chǎn)權(quán)的超聲內(nèi)鏡產(chǎn)品，打破該領域的國外壟斷地位，本文根據(jù)超聲內(nèi)鏡產(chǎn)品功能需求，設計了超聲內(nèi)鏡成像設備的前端驅(qū)動系統(tǒng)。 本文的主要工作如下： 1、根據(jù)超聲內(nèi)鏡前端驅(qū)動系統(tǒng)的功能和功能需求，完成各個功能模塊的功能劃分和設計方案制定； 2、利用輸出可調(diào)型開關穩(wěn)壓電源芯片的自調(diào)節(jié)功能，設計了自反饋電路，配合單片機軟件D/A調(diào)節(jié)，完成了電機驅(qū)動的設計，實現(xiàn)了對脈沖寬度調(diào)制（PMW：Pulse Width Modulation）調(diào)速電機的高精度控制。該電機驅(qū)動系統(tǒng)具有精度高、響應快、可靠性高以及很好的通用性和可移植性等優(yōu)點。驅(qū)動理論反饋響應時間為20μs，電機在設計速度范圍（300-1500r/min）和變化負載條件下測試，最大轉(zhuǎn)速誤差為2r/min，平均不穩(wěn)定度低達0.11%。該驅(qū)動能夠確保負載變化下電機速度平穩(wěn)，保證成像質(zhì)量，提高醫(yī)生的診斷效率和準確率。 3、利用高壓產(chǎn)生模塊，結(jié)合單片機D/A和A/D組成的反饋系統(tǒng)，完成了高壓驅(qū)動的設計，實現(xiàn)了換能器激勵高壓的精準控制輸出。該高壓驅(qū)動具有精度高、可靠性高等優(yōu)點。能可控精準輸出0-200V的電壓，最大電壓誤差為0.2V。該高壓驅(qū)動增大了換能器的激勵電壓，，提升了發(fā)射超聲波的功率，并且輸出電壓穩(wěn)定，有助于提高圖像的信噪比； 4、使用I2C通訊實現(xiàn)了對探頭頻率型號和阻抗的讀取識別； 5、使用RS-485接口實現(xiàn)了前端驅(qū)動單元與上位機的通訊功能； 6、設計了系統(tǒng)運行狀態(tài)監(jiān)測模塊，可自動發(fā)現(xiàn)故障并采取相應處理措施，保證系統(tǒng)運行安全可靠，最大程度保證使用者的人身安全與設備安全。
[Abstract]:The front drive system is an important part of endoscopic ultrasound imaging equipment. The organization characteristics of endoscopic ultrasound imaging equipment detection by using ultrasonic transducer, receiving and amplifying circuit and digital processing circuit for receiving, signal conditioning, transformation, and ultimately the formation of 2D ultrasonic image of the organization. The front endoscopic ultrasound imaging equipment driving system is a key component of ultrasonic drive complete circular scanning imaging transducer, its performance has an important influence on the quality of endoscopic ultrasound imaging. Endoscopic ultrasonography for developing products with independent intellectual property rights, to break the foreign monopoly in this field, according to the functional requirements of endoscopic ultrasound products, design the front-end endoscopic ultrasound imaging equipment driving system.
The main work of this article is as follows:
1, according to the functional and functional requirements of the endoscope front end drive system, the functional division of each functional module and the design scheme are completed.
2, self regulating function using the adjustable output switching power supply chip, designed a self feedback circuit with single-chip D/A control software, completed the design of motor drive, the pulse width modulation (PMW:Pulse Width Modulation) high precision speed motor control. The motor drive system has high accuracy and fast response. High reliability and good versatility and portability advantages. The driving theory of feedback response time is 20 s, in the design of motor speed range (300-1500r/min) and the change of the load under the condition of test, the maximum speed error is 2r/min, the average degree of instability as low as 0.11%., the driver can ensure the load change under the motor speed is steady, to ensure the imaging quality, improve diagnosis efficiency and accuracy.
3, using high voltage generating module, feedback system with single chip D/A and A/D, completed the design of the high voltage drive, to achieve the precise control of the output voltage transducer. The excitation voltage drive with high precision, high reliability. The voltage controllable precision output 0-200V, the maximum voltage error is 0.2V. the high voltage driving increases the incentive voltage transducer, enhance the transmit power of ultrasonic wave, and the output voltage stability, helps to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the image;
4, using I2C communication to realize the reading and recognition of the type and impedance of the probe frequency.
5, the communication function of the front end drive unit and the upper computer is realized by using the RS-485 interface.
6, we design the monitoring module of the system running state, which can automatically detect faults and take corresponding measures to ensure the safe and reliable operation of the system, and ensure the safety and safety of the users to the greatest extent.

【學位授予單位】：天津大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：O426.9

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