本文選題：氣壓盤式制動(dòng)器　切入點(diǎn)：熱-結(jié)構(gòu)耦合分析　出處：《武漢理工大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文首先回顧了氣壓盤式制動(dòng)器(ADB)結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)與熱彈性失穩(wěn)現(xiàn)象研究的發(fā)展歷程,對(duì)盤式制動(dòng)器溫度場(chǎng)與應(yīng)力場(chǎng)的研究現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行了綜述。在此基礎(chǔ)上,本文采用有限元法對(duì)制動(dòng)器工作過程中制動(dòng)盤與摩擦片間的熱-結(jié)構(gòu)耦合現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行了仿真分析,并對(duì)制動(dòng)器其他主要部件進(jìn)行了強(qiáng)度與剛度校核。具體說來,主要包括以下幾個(gè)方面： (1)熱-結(jié)構(gòu)耦合分析涉及到的基礎(chǔ)理論簡(jiǎn)要分析。通過對(duì)接觸分析理論、制動(dòng)摩擦生熱理論、傳熱學(xué)理論的分析,確定了制動(dòng)摩擦熱量在制動(dòng)盤與摩擦片之間的分配關(guān)系,建立了制動(dòng)器的三維瞬態(tài)導(dǎo)熱微分方程并確定了相應(yīng)的邊界條件。最后,根據(jù)分析需要,選用商業(yè)分析軟件ABAQUS作為熱-結(jié)構(gòu)耦合分析的求解器。 (2)緊急制動(dòng)工況下制動(dòng)器的完全熱-結(jié)構(gòu)耦合分析。首先選用商業(yè)分析軟件HyperMesh作為前處理軟件,建立了ADB熱-結(jié)構(gòu)耦合分析的網(wǎng)格模型；然后確定了熱-結(jié)構(gòu)耦合分析的熱邊界條件與位移邊界條件,建立了ADB完全熱-結(jié)構(gòu)耦合分析模型,利用該分析模型對(duì)緊急制動(dòng)工況下制動(dòng)盤的溫度場(chǎng)與應(yīng)力場(chǎng)分布特征進(jìn)行了分析。分析結(jié)果顯示,制動(dòng)盤的溫度場(chǎng)與等效應(yīng)力場(chǎng)均存在明顯徑向、軸向與周向梯度,高溫區(qū)與高應(yīng)力區(qū)均出現(xiàn)在制動(dòng)盤面的摩擦半徑附近。整個(gè)制動(dòng)過程中,制動(dòng)盤溫度先升高后降低。制動(dòng)盤的三向應(yīng)力中,周向應(yīng)力最大,周向應(yīng)力是引起制動(dòng)盤疲勞裂紋的主要原因。由于溫度場(chǎng)與應(yīng)力場(chǎng)的不均勻分布,制動(dòng)盤會(huì)出現(xiàn)不均勻的熱彈性變形,向內(nèi)側(cè)翹曲。 (3)制動(dòng)盤的順序熱-結(jié)構(gòu)耦合分析。為了研究制動(dòng)盤在重復(fù)制動(dòng)工況與持續(xù)制動(dòng)工況下的溫升情況,首先對(duì)制動(dòng)過程中制動(dòng)盤的機(jī)械應(yīng)力進(jìn)行了分析,分析結(jié)果顯示,制動(dòng)過程中,制動(dòng)盤的機(jī)械應(yīng)力很小,應(yīng)力主要表現(xiàn)為熱應(yīng)力。在此基礎(chǔ)上,采用能量折算法,建立了制動(dòng)盤的順序熱-結(jié)構(gòu)耦合分析模型,利用該模型對(duì)緊急制動(dòng)工況、重復(fù)制動(dòng)工況與持續(xù)制動(dòng)工況的制動(dòng)盤溫度場(chǎng)與熱應(yīng)力場(chǎng)進(jìn)行了分析。分析結(jié)果顯示,在緊急制動(dòng)工況下,采用順序耦合分析方法得到的盤面溫度與應(yīng)力稍低于完全耦合法的分析結(jié)果；在重復(fù)制動(dòng)工況與持續(xù)制動(dòng)工況下,盤面溫度均逐漸上升后趨于飽和；重復(fù)制動(dòng)過程中制動(dòng)盤溫度與應(yīng)力水平均較低；但在持續(xù)制動(dòng)工況下,制動(dòng)盤的溫度與應(yīng)力會(huì)上升到較高水平,持續(xù)制動(dòng)工況下制動(dòng)盤的熱負(fù)荷較大。 (4)鉗體與支架的機(jī)械應(yīng)力分析。對(duì)制動(dòng)鉗體與鉗體支架進(jìn)行了靜力分析,校核了鉗體與支架在緊急制動(dòng)工況下的強(qiáng)度與剛度,分析結(jié)果顯示,鉗體與支架均能滿足使用要求。 本文的研究可為氣壓盤式制動(dòng)器的設(shè)計(jì)提供參考,同時(shí)也為開發(fā)具有自主知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)的氣壓盤式制動(dòng)器奠定了基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the development of structure design and thermoelastic instability of disc brake is reviewed, and the research status of temperature field and stress field of disc brake is summarized.On this basis, the thermo-structural coupling between brake disc and friction disc is simulated and analyzed by finite element method, and the strength and stiffness of other main parts of brake are checked.Specifically, it mainly includes the following aspects:1) A brief analysis of the basic theory involved in thermal-structural coupling analysis.Through the analysis of contact analysis theory, brake friction heat generation theory and heat transfer theory, the distribution of brake friction heat between brake disc and friction disc is determined.The three-dimensional transient heat conduction differential equation of the brake is established and the corresponding boundary conditions are determined.Finally, according to the need of the analysis, the commercial analysis software ABAQUS is chosen as the solver of the thermal-structural coupling analysis.2) complete thermal-structural coupling analysis of brake under emergency braking condition.Firstly, the commercial analysis software HyperMesh is selected as the pre-processing software to establish the grid model of ADB thermal-structural coupling analysis, and then the thermal boundary conditions and displacement boundary conditions of thermal-structural coupling analysis are determined.The ADB complete thermal-structural coupling analysis model is established, and the distribution characteristics of temperature field and stress field of brake disc under emergency braking condition are analyzed by using the model.The results show that the temperature field and the equivalent stress field of the brake disc are obviously radial, the axial and circumferential gradient, the high temperature region and the high stress region appear near the friction radius of the brake disc surface.During the whole braking process, the brake disc temperature rises first and then decreases.The circumferential stress is the largest in the triaxial stress of the brake disc, and the circumferential stress is the main cause of the fatigue crack of the brake disc.Due to the uneven distribution of temperature field and stress field, the brake disc will appear uneven thermoelastic deformation and warp to the inner side.The sequential thermal-structural coupling analysis of the brake disc.In order to study the temperature rise of the brake disc under the repeated braking condition and the continuous braking condition, the mechanical stress of the brake disc during the braking process is first analyzed. The results show that the mechanical stress of the brake disc is very small during the braking process.The stress is mainly expressed as thermal stress.On this basis, the sequential thermal-structural coupling analysis model of brake disc is established by energy conversion method, and the model is used for emergency braking condition.The temperature field and thermal stress field of brake disc under repeated braking condition and continuous braking condition are analyzed.The results show that the temperature and stress of disc surface obtained by sequential coupling method are slightly lower than those of complete coupling method under emergency braking condition, and under repeated braking condition and continuous braking condition, the temperature and stress of disc surface obtained by sequential coupling analysis are slightly lower than those of complete coupling method.The disc surface temperature increases gradually and then tends to saturation; the brake disc temperature and stress level are lower in the repeated braking process; but under the continuous braking condition, the brake disc temperature and stress will rise to a higher level.The heat load of brake disc is large under the condition of continuous braking.The static analysis of the clamping body and the clamping support is carried out, and the strength and stiffness of the clamping body and the support under the emergency braking condition are checked. The results show that both the clamping body and the support can meet the requirements of application.The research in this paper can provide reference for the design of pneumatic disc brake and lay a foundation for the development of pneumatic disc brake with independent intellectual property rights.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：U463.512

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本文編號(hào)：1706571