本文選題：低地板車　切入點：輕量化車體　出處：《北京交通大學(xué)》2013年博士論文

【摘要】：本文基于我國研制的首列具有完全自主知識產(chǎn)權(quán)的100%低地板輕軌車,對鋁合金輕量化車體、獨立輪黏著利用、基于網(wǎng)絡(luò)的故障診斷、基于新型微機系統(tǒng)的牽引控制等關(guān)鍵點進(jìn)行了深入的理論分析,開展了以下研究工作： 根據(jù)低地板車的特點,采用模塊設(shè)計理念和鋁合金整體承載結(jié)構(gòu),實現(xiàn)了整車的模塊化設(shè)計和輕量化,整車減重2噸多。借助ANSYS軟件對鋁合金車體進(jìn)行了建模和有限元強度分析,分析結(jié)果表明,開發(fā)研制出的板梁結(jié)構(gòu)鋁合金車體,完全滿足車輛的輕量化和整體強度要求。 針對低地板車兩側(cè)獨立輪對由于缺乏傳統(tǒng)的機械耦合作用而更容易發(fā)生擦輪的現(xiàn)象,深入分析了傳統(tǒng)防滑/防空轉(zhuǎn)策略的不足,提出了一種基于全維狀態(tài)觀測器的黏著利用優(yōu)化控制方法,進(jìn)行了多工況下的實例仿真和現(xiàn)場動調(diào)試驗,驗證了所提出的黏著利用優(yōu)化控制方法可快速搜索到當(dāng)前路況的黏著峰值點,實現(xiàn)了100%低地板車電力牽引系統(tǒng)的最佳黏著利用。 基于100%低地板車網(wǎng)絡(luò)需求,從開放式系統(tǒng)互聯(lián)(Open Systems Interconnection, OSI)多重模型出發(fā)分析了CANOpen,總線作為100%低地板車車載網(wǎng)絡(luò)的可行性,給出了基于調(diào)度的數(shù)據(jù)傳輸率優(yōu)化原則；從CANOpen的網(wǎng)絡(luò)動態(tài)實時傳輸出發(fā),研究了基于事件系統(tǒng)(Event Systems, ES)推理和數(shù)據(jù)特征層及決策層融合的100%低地板車的設(shè)備級與整車級故障診斷方法；結(jié)合網(wǎng)絡(luò)傳輸和故障診斷,依托多代理系統(tǒng)(Multi-agent system, MAS)設(shè)計架構(gòu)研究了100%低地板車的設(shè)備級與整車級動態(tài)維護(hù)維修方法,基于著色Petri網(wǎng)(Colored Petri Nets, CPN)模型給出了維護(hù)維修對象元件的動態(tài)確定方法并給出了維護(hù)維修過程的置信度。 面向100%低地板車電力牽引系統(tǒng)的控制需求,提出了雙DSP+FPGA的系統(tǒng)架構(gòu)模式,充分發(fā)揮了DSP和FPGA在數(shù)字信號處理及并行處理方面的性能優(yōu)勢,并基于分層控制技術(shù)設(shè)計軟件功能,為實現(xiàn)高質(zhì)量的牽引控制提供了完善的解決思路。以此為硬件基礎(chǔ),實現(xiàn)了異步SVM、同步SVM、優(yōu)化同步SHEPWM及方波相結(jié)合的多模式脈寬調(diào)制策略,通過矢量控制和標(biāo)量控制相結(jié)合的模式,實現(xiàn)了100%低地板車全速度范圍內(nèi)的牽引電機高性能控制。 通過整車關(guān)鍵技術(shù)的深入研究和關(guān)鍵裝備的集成,實現(xiàn)了完全自主創(chuàng)新。開發(fā)研制出牽引變流系統(tǒng)及網(wǎng)絡(luò)監(jiān)控與故障診斷軟件,基于地面節(jié)能型牽引傳動試驗系統(tǒng)及現(xiàn)場大量試驗。目前,論文所研制的100%低地板車已經(jīng)完成了所有型式試驗和線路運行考核試驗,完成了5000多公里的中試?yán)锍?已經(jīng)正式上線試運行,通過試驗波形及數(shù)據(jù)的分析、計算,對論文所述的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)逐一進(jìn)行了驗證,說明了論文所研究的關(guān)鍵控制技術(shù)及裝備的可行性、可靠性和適用性。
[Abstract]:100% low floor light rail vehicles developed in China based on the first with completely independent intellectual property rights, the Aluminum Alloy lightweight body, independent wheel adhesion, fault diagnosis based on network, the key point of new computer system traction control is studied based on theoretical analysis, carried out the following research work:
According to the characteristics of low floor vehicles, using the modular design concept and Aluminum Alloy integral bearing structure, the modular design and lightweight vehicle, vehicle weight more than 2 tons. With the help of ANSYS software for the analysis of modeling and finite element strength of Aluminum Alloy body, the analysis results show that the developed plate beam structure Aluminum Alloy body, fully meet the requirements of vehicle weight and overall strength.
For low floor vehicles on both sides of the independent wheel due to the lack of mechanical coupling effect of traditional and more prone to wheel friction phenomenon, in-depth analysis of the shortcomings of the traditional anti / anti slip strategy, put forward a full state observer adhesion optimization control method based on the simulation and field dynamic test under various conditions. To validate the optimization control method can fast search to the current road adhesion peak with the adhesive, to achieve the best adhesion of 100% low floor vehicle electric traction system use.
100% low floor vehicle network based on demand from the open system interconnection (Open Systems Interconnection, OSI) multi model analyzed CANOpen bus as the feasibility of 100% low floor vehicle network, data transmission rate scheduling optimization principle is given based on the CANOpen network; starting from the dynamic real-time transmission, based on event system (Event Systems ES), reasoning and data feature layer and decision layer fusion of 100% low floor vehicle equipment level and vehicle level fault diagnosis method; combined with the network transmission and fault diagnosis based on multi agent system (Multi-agent, system, MAS) on the architecture design of 100% low floor vehicle equipment level and vehicle level dynamic maintenance method, colored Petri based on the network (Colored Petri Nets, CPN) model is proposed to maintain the dynamic maintenance of object components and gives a method to determine the maintenance of confidence repair process.
According to the control requirement of 100% low floor vehicle electric traction system, put forward the system architecture model of dual DSP+FPGA, make full use of DSP and FPGA in the digital signal processing and parallel processing advantages, and based on the hierarchical control software technology, providing a solution for improving the traction control to achieve high quality. Based on hardware the foundation, realize the asynchronous SVM, synchronous SVM, multi mode pulse width modulation strategy optimization of synchronous SHEPWM and square wave combination, through the combination of vector control and scalar control mode, the traction motor control performance of 100% low floor vehicle full speed range.
Through the integration of research and key technology and equipment of the vehicle, to achieve a completely independent innovation. Develop the traction converter system and network monitoring and fault diagnosis software, ground energy-saving drive experiment system and field experiments based on the research. At present, 100% low floor vehicles have completed all type test and line operation test, completed a test mileage of more than 5000 kilometers, has officially launched a trial run, through the analysis, the test waveforms and data calculation, the key technology of the one by one to verify, to illustrate the feasibility of the key control technology and equipment research, reliability and applicability.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：U239.3

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本文編號：1663615