本文選題：冶金　切入點(diǎn)：重載車　出處：《上海交通大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文針對(duì)進(jìn)口冶金重型框架車制造廠總體制造工藝和制造技術(shù)相對(duì)成熟，，但由于沒(méi)有針對(duì)性研究國(guó)內(nèi)鋼廠的使用條件和產(chǎn)品裝載特點(diǎn)，因此其車輛出現(xiàn)了一定的水土不服的情況，特別是在使用不長(zhǎng)后，車架部分逐步出現(xiàn)了立柱軸框架焊縫的斷裂、裂紋等問(wèn)題，經(jīng)分析主要是疲勞斷裂，嚴(yán)重危及到現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的正常生產(chǎn)。 同時(shí)，國(guó)內(nèi)框架車的需求不斷增加，但是國(guó)內(nèi)車輛制造企業(yè)考慮冶金框架車的制造工藝、運(yùn)輸要求和使用性能有較大差距，鮮有涉足，也幾乎沒(méi)有大規(guī)模成功運(yùn)用的實(shí)績(jī)�？紤]到寶鋼積累了大量使用、維護(hù)和改造經(jīng)驗(yàn)，同時(shí)又有人力資源和技術(shù)的雙重保障，迫切需要運(yùn)用的使用和維護(hù)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，自主集成開(kāi)發(fā)制造出冶金專用框架車，掌握自主知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)，降低國(guó)內(nèi)框架車的維護(hù)技術(shù)要求和使用成本。而車架制造又是其中最核心的技術(shù)環(huán)節(jié)之一。 由于鋼廠重型車重載、低速、高扭和頻繁起、制動(dòng)等特點(diǎn)，設(shè)備工況比較復(fù)雜，因此有必要利用有限元對(duì)框架車車架優(yōu)化計(jì)算和分析。本文采用UG車架建模，采用ANSYS有限元分析方法對(duì)車架優(yōu)化前后的車架結(jié)構(gòu)形式進(jìn)行靜載、過(guò)載、動(dòng)載分析，通過(guò)仿真驗(yàn)證優(yōu)化后車架結(jié)構(gòu)的可行性。 同時(shí)，為了研究車輛行駛時(shí)振動(dòng)對(duì)車輛長(zhǎng)期可靠性和安全性的影響，為此對(duì)設(shè)計(jì)的車架進(jìn)行相關(guān)的模態(tài)分析，確定車架自激頻率與路面譜、發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)振動(dòng)等的關(guān)系，檢驗(yàn)其安全性。 經(jīng)過(guò)引進(jìn)、改造以及國(guó)產(chǎn)化研制重型框架車的三個(gè)循序漸進(jìn)的實(shí)踐和摸索過(guò)程，逐步掌握了冶金重型升降框架車車架特點(diǎn)和車架制造工藝控制關(guān)鍵技術(shù)。通過(guò)二年多的高負(fù)荷運(yùn)行，實(shí)踐證明這些車架設(shè)計(jì)優(yōu)化技術(shù)和制造工藝是合理的，可以對(duì)我國(guó)冶金重型框架車國(guó)產(chǎn)化提供一定的幫助。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the overall manufacturing process and manufacturing technology of the imported metallurgical heavy frame truck factory is relatively mature, but the use conditions and product loading characteristics of domestic steel plants are not studied. As a result, there are some problems in the vehicle, such as fracture and crack of the welding seam of the frame of the column shaft, which are mainly fatigue fracture, after the use of the vehicle is not long. Seriously endanger the normal production of the site. At the same time, the demand of domestic frame car is increasing, but domestic vehicle manufacturing enterprises consider the manufacturing process of metallurgical frame car, the transportation requirement and service performance have a big gap, and few involved in it. Considering that Baosteel has accumulated a lot of experience in use, maintenance and transformation, and at the same time has dual protection of human resources and technology, it urgently needs to use and maintain experience. Independent integrated development and manufacture of metallurgical special frame car, master independent intellectual property rights, reduce the maintenance technical requirements and use cost of domestic frame car, and frame manufacturing is one of the most core technical links. Due to the characteristics of heavy load, low speed, high torsion and frequent rise, braking and so on, it is necessary to use finite element method to optimize calculation and analysis of frame frame. The ANSYS finite element analysis method is used to analyze the static load, overload and dynamic load of the frame structure before and after the optimization. The feasibility of the optimized frame structure is verified by simulation. At the same time, in order to study the effect of vehicle vibration on the long-term reliability and safety of the vehicle, the modal analysis of the designed frame is carried out to determine the relationship between the self-excited frequency of the frame and the road surface spectrum, engine vibration, etc. Verify its safety. After the introduction, transformation and localization of the development of the heavy duty frame vehicle, three step-by-step practices and groping processes have been carried out. The characteristics of metallurgical heavy lift frame frame and the key technology of frame manufacturing process control have been mastered step by step. Through more than two years of high load operation, it has been proved by practice that the design optimization technology and manufacturing technology of these frames are reasonable. It can provide some help for the localization of heavy metallurgical frame truck in China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：U469.6

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