發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-23 21:41

  本文選題：研發(fā)模式　切入點(diǎn)：豐田集團(tuán)　出處：《上海師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：汽車制造業(yè)是所有工業(yè)部門中產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈最長(zhǎng)、帶動(dòng)效應(yīng)最大的一種產(chǎn)業(yè)。汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈以汽車整車制造為核心,向上延伸至汽車零部件制造,向下延伸至服務(wù)貿(mào)易領(lǐng)域,其明顯的規(guī)模效應(yīng)、技術(shù)擴(kuò)散效應(yīng)決定了汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)對(duì)一國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的影響。在全球汽車市場(chǎng)中,日本的汽車以省油、輕便、低排放等特征,在世界汽車市場(chǎng)上占據(jù)了重要地位,其中日本豐田汽車更是以研發(fā)投入大、科技創(chuàng)新活躍等優(yōu)勢(shì),躍升為世界第一大汽車企業(yè)集團(tuán),在全球汽車領(lǐng)域有著舉足輕重的地位。本文基于自主創(chuàng)新理論、產(chǎn)業(yè)集聚理論及相關(guān)經(jīng)濟(jì)地理學(xué)、區(qū)域地理學(xué)理論,利用《日本統(tǒng)計(jì)年鑒2010》、愛知縣公式網(wǎng)頁《平成27年度愛知縣統(tǒng)計(jì)年鑒》、《豐田汽車Group的實(shí)態(tài)2010年版》等官方權(quán)威數(shù)據(jù),運(yùn)用Arc Gis軟件和Eviews軟件工具,運(yùn)用定性研究與定量分析相結(jié)合的方法梳理了日本汽車企業(yè)的研發(fā)演進(jìn)歷程,凝練歸納出豐田研發(fā)模式,即磨合切磋模式的特征、升級(jí)過程,進(jìn)一步探討了豐田的磨合切磋模式對(duì)區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)產(chǎn)生的影響,以及豐田企業(yè)的研發(fā)模式和升級(jí)過程對(duì)我國(guó)汽車企業(yè)的借鑒與啟示。本研究認(rèn)為,首先豐田的磨合切磋模式不同于美洲汽車的自主研發(fā)模式,磨合切磋模式主要特征為:研發(fā)主體是長(zhǎng)期與豐田建立良好合作關(guān)系的Group企業(yè),Group企業(yè)和豐田共同享有知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán);產(chǎn)品的供應(yīng)鏈呈現(xiàn)縱向金字塔結(jié)構(gòu),產(chǎn)出的核心部件相互之間聯(lián)系緊密呈乘數(shù)效應(yīng);Group企業(yè)在空間上產(chǎn)生集聚,并且?guī)?dòng)了愛知縣區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展,具體表現(xiàn)為愛知縣的產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)以制造業(yè)為主,而制造業(yè)中又以輸送用機(jī)械(即汽車)的比重最為突出。其次根據(jù)回歸分析認(rèn)為,在磨合切磋模式下Group企業(yè)集聚現(xiàn)象對(duì)愛知縣的區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)產(chǎn)生了正向影響,其中人才的集聚是促進(jìn)區(qū)域發(fā)展的最大影響因素。磨合切磋模式推動(dòng)了愛知縣區(qū)域內(nèi)生產(chǎn)要素的流動(dòng),縮小了區(qū)域內(nèi)經(jīng)濟(jì)差異;生產(chǎn)要素流動(dòng)過程中產(chǎn)生的技術(shù)擴(kuò)散效應(yīng)使相鄰企業(yè)得到發(fā)展;Group企業(yè)相互學(xué)習(xí)優(yōu)勢(shì)互補(bǔ),建立網(wǎng)絡(luò)化格局。最后研究認(rèn)為雖然磨合切磋模式是豐田在研發(fā)過程中結(jié)合自身企業(yè)文化產(chǎn)生的具有獨(dú)特性的研發(fā)模式,但當(dāng)今汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)信息化與智能化的發(fā)展瞬息萬變,磨合切磋模式如何進(jìn)行升級(jí)完善,對(duì)豐田是個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)。研究最后根據(jù)豐田的研發(fā)模式的特征和發(fā)展過程,提出了對(duì)我國(guó)汽車企業(yè)的借鑒與啟發(fā)。
[Abstract]:Automobile manufacturing industry is one of the longest industrial chain and the biggest driving effect in all industrial sectors. The automobile industry chain takes the automobile manufacturing as the core, extends up to the automobile parts manufacturing, and extends down to the field of service trade. Its obvious scale effect and technology diffusion effect determine the impact of the automobile industry on the economic development of a country. In the global automobile market, Japanese cars play an important role in the world automobile market because of their characteristics of saving fuel, being light and low emission. With the advantages of large R & D investment and active scientific and technological innovation, Toyota Automobile of Japan has become the world's largest automotive enterprise group, and plays an important role in the global automotive field. This paper is based on the theory of independent innovation. Industrial agglomeration theory and related economic geography and regional geography theory, using official authoritative data such as Japan Statistical Yearbook 2010, Aichi County Formula website Pingcheng 27 Aichi Prefecture Statistical Yearbook, Toyota Motor Group 2010, etc. By using Arc Gis software and Eviews software tool, this paper combs the evolution course of Japanese automobile enterprise's R & D by using the method of qualitative research and quantitative analysis, sums up the Toyota R & D mode, that is, the characteristics of running-in mode and the process of upgrading. The paper further discusses the impact of Toyota's running-in model on regional economy, and the reference and inspiration of Toyota's R & D model and upgrade process to Chinese automobile enterprises. First of all, Toyota's running-in model is different from American automobile's independent R & D mode. The main features of the model are as follows: the main body of research and development is the Group enterprise and Toyota that have established good cooperative relationship with Toyota for a long time; The product supply chain presents the vertical pyramid structure, and the core components of the output are closely related to each other in a multiplier effect. Specifically, the industrial structure of Aichi County is dominated by manufacturing, and the proportion of transportation machinery (that is, automobile) is the most prominent in the manufacturing industry. Secondly, according to the regression analysis, The phenomenon of Group enterprise agglomeration has a positive effect on the regional economy of Aichi County under the mode of running-in and learning, in which the concentration of talents is the most important factor to promote the regional development, and the running-in mode promotes the flow of production factors in Aichi County. The technology diffusion effect in the process of factor of production flows makes the adjacent enterprises develop and the firms learn from each other's advantages and complement each other. Finally, it is considered that although the running-in model is a unique research and development model produced by Toyota in the process of research and development, but the development of information and intelligence in the automobile industry is changing rapidly. How to upgrade and perfect the running-in model is a challenge to Toyota. Finally, according to the characteristics and development process of Toyota's R & D model, the paper puts forward the reference and inspiration for Chinese automobile enterprises.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F273.1;F416.471

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