本文選題：空間環(huán)境　切入點(diǎn)：超聲電機(jī)　出處：《南京航空航天大學(xué)》2014年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：超聲電機(jī)依據(jù)其特殊的作動原理,擁有普通電磁電機(jī)不具備的諸多優(yōu)點(diǎn),在空間探測領(lǐng)域有著廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。依靠領(lǐng)先的設(shè)計理念和先進(jìn)的試驗設(shè)備,國外已將超聲電機(jī)技術(shù)成功運(yùn)用到空間探測器的作動機(jī)構(gòu)上,并取得了良好的效果。伴隨我國航天技術(shù)的發(fā)展和進(jìn)步,研制出具有自主知識產(chǎn)權(quán),應(yīng)用于空間環(huán)境的超聲電機(jī)的任務(wù)日趨緊迫。包括作者所在單位的國內(nèi)眾多超聲電機(jī)研究團(tuán)隊經(jīng)過多年的探索,已在諸多方面取得了寶貴的試驗數(shù)據(jù)和技術(shù)經(jīng)驗,但仍有許多關(guān)鍵技術(shù)難題有待突破。本課題在國家自然基金項目(No.10874090)“應(yīng)用于極端環(huán)境的超聲電機(jī)的研究”、國家自然基金項目(No.51205203)“超聲電機(jī)技術(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的基礎(chǔ)研究”、國家自然基金青年基金項目(No.51275228)“基于熱分析技術(shù)的極端環(huán)境下超聲電機(jī)的研究和設(shè)計”和基礎(chǔ)科研項目(B252009xxxx)“極端環(huán)境下超聲電機(jī)的試驗技術(shù)研究”的資助下,以研究和設(shè)計應(yīng)用于空間環(huán)境的超聲電機(jī)為目標(biāo),開展了超聲電機(jī)的空間復(fù)合環(huán)境試驗系統(tǒng)、試驗方案、超聲電機(jī)的溫度場分布與環(huán)境影響機(jī)制、新型樣機(jī)的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計和環(huán)境對比試驗等方面的研究工作,明確了不同類型結(jié)構(gòu)的超聲電機(jī)所適合的空間環(huán)境情況,為應(yīng)用于空間環(huán)境的超聲電機(jī)的設(shè)計者和使用者提供了基礎(chǔ)的性能數(shù)據(jù)。本研究的主要內(nèi)容和成果如下:1.概述了超聲電機(jī)的相關(guān)技術(shù)及應(yīng)用,歸納和總結(jié)了超聲電機(jī)在空間環(huán)境應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域的研究歷程,取得的最新進(jìn)展和存在的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)難題,敘述了本課題研究的重要性和必要性。2.基于單一環(huán)境試驗系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計經(jīng)驗和試驗結(jié)果,設(shè)計了超聲電機(jī)的高/低溫、真空復(fù)合環(huán)境試驗系統(tǒng),為更深入地研究超聲電機(jī)在溫度和真空度復(fù)合的空間模擬環(huán)境下的性能變化規(guī)律提供了試驗條件。各項技術(shù)參數(shù)表明,該復(fù)合環(huán)境試驗系統(tǒng)具有較高的性能指標(biāo),基本滿足應(yīng)用于空間環(huán)境的超聲電機(jī)的環(huán)境適應(yīng)性試驗要求。3.借助最新研制的超聲電機(jī)高/低溫、真空復(fù)合環(huán)境試驗系統(tǒng),以TRUM-60型超聲電機(jī)為對象,進(jìn)行了全面的超聲電機(jī)復(fù)合環(huán)境試驗研究。在已有單一環(huán)境試驗方法的基礎(chǔ)上,提出了超聲電機(jī)的復(fù)合環(huán)境試驗方法,并針對測試環(huán)境嚴(yán)酷性的不同,創(chuàng)新性提出了常規(guī)復(fù)合環(huán)境測試和極限復(fù)合環(huán)境測試兩種測試級別。根據(jù)傳統(tǒng)型TRUM電機(jī)的試驗結(jié)果,提出了改進(jìn)型TRUM型超聲電機(jī),并有效提高了其在極限高溫環(huán)境下的性能。4.從理論和試驗兩方面研究了TRUM型超聲電機(jī)的瞬態(tài)溫升和穩(wěn)態(tài)時的溫度場分布情況。提出了超聲電機(jī)的功率損耗計算方法,以四種典型的具有不同尺寸的超聲電機(jī)為例,進(jìn)行了功率損耗的計算。借助有限元軟件計算了超聲電機(jī)的溫度場分布情況,并與試驗測定結(jié)果進(jìn)行了比較。更進(jìn)一步地,借助計算模型研究了摩擦材料的熱導(dǎo)率、電機(jī)尺寸、環(huán)境溫度以及環(huán)境真空度對超聲電機(jī)溫度場分布的影響。5.基于簡化的壓電陶瓷片結(jié)構(gòu),設(shè)計了Langevin振子激勵的若干新型旋轉(zhuǎn)超聲電機(jī),并進(jìn)行了原理驗證和試驗研究,目的是通過新型電機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)的設(shè)計,克服傳統(tǒng)的旋轉(zhuǎn)超聲電機(jī)的粘接式陶瓷片易于斷裂的難題�？偨Y(jié)前人在Langevin振子激勵的超聲電機(jī)設(shè)計方面的經(jīng)驗,提出了若干結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊型的方案設(shè)計。加工了試驗樣機(jī),進(jìn)行了相關(guān)的特性試驗,驗證了電機(jī)的工作原理和測試了電機(jī)的工作特性。6.提出并研究了一系列直線型超聲電機(jī),提出了簡化超聲電機(jī)設(shè)計的新型驅(qū)動機(jī)理,設(shè)計了具有自定位作動功能的微小型超聲電機(jī)。依據(jù)提出的電機(jī)工作原理,借助有限元分析軟件,確定了樣機(jī)的基本尺寸,分析了樣機(jī)的振動特性。最后,試驗測試了樣機(jī)的工作特性。7.對新型樣機(jī)的機(jī)械特性、電學(xué)特性和溫升特性隨外界環(huán)境的變化規(guī)律進(jìn)行了分析和研究�；谏鲜鲈囼灁�(shù)據(jù),建立了一種超聲電機(jī)在空間模擬試驗換環(huán)境下的綜合性能評價方法,并依據(jù)評價結(jié)果,提出了不同環(huán)境下適宜選用的超聲電機(jī)的類型。
[Abstract]:Ultrasonic motor based on special actuation principle, with many advantages of ordinary electromagnetic motors do not have, have a wide application prospect in the field of space exploration. Relying on the leading design and advanced testing equipment, has been abroad technology of ultrasonic motor is successfully applied to a space probe to the actuator, and achieved good results. With China's space technology development and progress, developed with independent intellectual property rights, the ultrasonic motor used in the space environment is becoming more and more urgent task. Including the unit of many domestic ultrasonic motor research team after years of exploration, has made valuable test data and technical experience in many aspects. But there are still many problems of key technology breakthroughs in this article. The national natural fund project (No.10874090) "Research on ultrasonic motor used in extreme environment, the national natural fund (No.51205203) "project" basic research on the technical standard of the ultrasonic motor, the National Youth Science Fund Project Fund (No.51275228) "extreme environmental thermal analysis technology research and design of ultrasonic motor and basic research project (B252009xxxx) based on the" research "test technology of ultrasonic motor under extreme environment under the support of research and design and application of ultrasonic motor in the space environment as the goal, to carry out the space combined environment testing system, ultrasonic motor test program, ultrasonic motor temperature field distribution and environmental impact mechanism, research work of the new prototype structure design and environment comparison test and so on, clear the space environment of the ultrasonic motor for different types of structures the performance data provides basis for the ultrasonic motor applications in the space environment of the designers and users. The main research contents and achievements Are as follows: 1. an overview of relevant technology of ultrasonic motor and its application, and summarizes the research progress in the space environment application in the field of ultrasonic motor, the latest progress and some key technical problems, this paper discusses the importance and necessity of the research of.2. based on the design experience and test results of single environment test system. The design of the high / low temperature ultrasonic motor, the vacuum combined environment testing system for a more in-depth study of ultrasonic motor performance simulation of changes in the environment of space temperature and vacuum composite provides experimental conditions show that the technical parameters, the performance of the composite environmental testing system has high adaptability to the environment, to meet the basic test ultrasonic motor applied to the space environment requirements of the ultrasonic motor.3. with the newly developed high / low temperature, vacuum combined environment testing system, TRUM-60 type ultrasonic motor The object of the ultrasonic motor composite environment test comprehensively. Based on the existing test methods of single environment, puts forward the method of environmental test for ultrasonic motor, and the test environment severity is different, the paper puts forward the conventional composite environmental testing and environmental testing limit composite two test level. According to the test results the traditional type of TRUM motor, proposed improved TRUM type ultrasonic motor, and effectively improve the temperature distribution in the limit of high temperature environment on the performance of.4. TRUM type ultrasonic motor from two aspects of theory and experiment of the transient temperature rise and the steady state was put forward. Calculation methods of power consumption to the ultrasonic motor. Four kinds of ultrasonic motor with different sizes of the typical case, calculate the power loss. The distribution of temperature field of the ultrasonic motor is calculated by means of finite element software, and testing and inspection The comparison of results. Furthermore, the thermal conductivity of the friction material calculation model of rate, the size of the motor, the ambient temperature and the environment temperature of vacuum on the ultrasonic motor field effect of simplified.5. piezoelectric ceramics based on the structure design of Langevin oscillator excitation motor some new rotary ultrasonic, and the the principle of verification and test research, aims to design new type motor structure, cope with the problem of bonding type ceramic rotary ultrasonic motor of the traditional easy to fracture. In previous Langevin oscillator excitation of ultrasonic motor design experience, put forward some design compact structure. The test prototype processing, the characteristics of the experiment, verified the working principle of the motor test and working characteristics of.6. motor is proposed and studied a series of linear ultrasonic motor, a simplified ultrasound A new driving mechanism of motor design, designed with micro ultrasonic motor self positioning actuation function. According to the working principle of the motor, using the finite element analysis software, to determine the basic size of the prototype, analyzes the vibration characteristics of the prototype. Finally, test the mechanical properties of.7. characteristics like machine to the new prototype the rise of the electrical characteristics and temperature changes of the external environment are analyzed and studied. Based on the above experimental data, establish a simulation experiment of ultrasonic motor in the space environment for comprehensive performance evaluation method, and according to the evaluation results, put forward different environment suitable for the type of ultrasonic motor.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京航空航天大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM359.9

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)會議論文 前1條

1 尹育聰;賀奔;楊淋;趙淳生;;組合結(jié)構(gòu)超聲電機(jī)在真空高低溫復(fù)合環(huán)境下的研究[A];第十屆全國振動理論及應(yīng)用學(xué)術(shù)會議論文集（2011）下冊[C];2011年

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本文編號：1647291