本文選題：超細羽絨粒子　切入點：吸附　出處：《武漢紡織大學》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：隨著中國經(jīng)濟持續(xù)快速的發(fā)展、人口劇烈增長與城市快速擴張，環(huán)境污染問題日益嚴重，其中水污染最為突出。染料廢水因有機含量高、色度深、排放量大、水質(zhì)復雜而成為難以治理的工業(yè)廢水之一。 羽絨是一種天然蛋白質(zhì)纖維材料，由于其優(yōu)良的吸濕、透氣性能而被作為紡織材料大量使用。我國每年羽絨類產(chǎn)量近2億公斤。除了少量的用于服裝和床上用品中作保暖填充材料以及在復合材料中作為增強材料之外，大部分只是簡單加工處理用作動物飼料或者作為廢棄物處理，這不僅對天然蛋白質(zhì)資源造成了大量的浪費，而且給環(huán)境保護帶來很大壓力。 針對天然蛋白質(zhì)羽絨材料的資源化利用問題，以超細羽絨粒子為吸附劑，研究了超細羽絨粒子對水中不同類型染料酸性大紅3R,直接耐酸大紅4BS和還原大紅R的吸附去除過程。通過粒徑分布、氮氣吸附脫附（BET）、XRD、掃描電鏡（SEM）、元素和氨基酸組成分析、紅外光譜（FTIR）等測試方法對吸附劑的物理形態(tài)結構及孔徑參數(shù)進行了表征。通過一系列批處理實驗考察了超細羽絨粒子對染料的吸附過程，找出最佳吸附條件，并探究其吸附機理。結果表明：采用具有自主知識產(chǎn)權的粉體加工設備加工所得的超細羽絨粒子表面極不光滑，有大量的空隙或孔洞。粒子直徑處于0.2-12μm間，平均粒徑為2.34±0.26μm，比表面積為7277cm2/g，總孔體積為1797cm3/g，平均孔徑為9.8779nm，是一種介孔材料，而且它是結晶區(qū)和無定形區(qū)的兩相聚集態(tài)結構，結晶度為43.26%。 實驗研究了超細羽絨粒子對酸性大紅3R、直接耐酸大紅4BS、還原大紅R染料的吸附行為。研究結果顯示：在三種染料中，超細羽絨粒子對酸性大紅3R的吸附效果最好，為137.5516mg/g。在此基礎上，實驗還研究了不同溫度（298、308、318K）下超細羽絨粒子對酸性大紅3R的吸附熱力學和吸附動力學。通過對活化能和熱力學參數(shù)的計算發(fā)現(xiàn)Ea為59.516kJ/mol，，可能為化學吸附�！鱄0和△S0均大于0，△G0小于0，這說明超細羽絨粒子對染料的吸附是一個自發(fā)的吸熱的化學吸附過程，溫度越高，吸附效果越好。分別用準一級動力學模型，準二級動力學模型對動力學實驗數(shù)據(jù)進行擬合，研究結果表明：準二級動力學模型能夠較好地描述超細羽絨粒子對酸性大紅3R的吸附過程。而且，準二級動力學方程理論平衡吸附容量qe與實驗值很接近，這表明控制速率過程可能是化學吸附。通過上述分析，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)：超細羽絨粒子對酸性大紅3R染料的吸附過程比較復雜，在酸性條件下，超細羽絨粒子與染料存在離子鍵作用力，染料被定位吸附在超細羽絨粒子上。此外，超細羽絨粒子與染料還存在氫鍵和范德華力作用。 總之，超細羽絨粒子作為一種廉價的吸附劑對水溶液中酸性大紅3R、直接耐酸大紅4BS、還原大紅R染料具有很好的去除效果。該研究為后續(xù)利用超細羽絨粒子處理染料廢水或其他難降解有機污染物的實際應用提供研究基礎和理論支持。
[Abstract]:With the continuous and rapid development of China's economy, the rapid growth of population and the rapid expansion of cities have caused serious environmental pollution. Water pollution is most prominent. Dye wastewater is one of the most difficult to control industrial wastewater due to its high organic content, deep color, large discharge and complex water quality.
Feather is a kind of natural protein fiber materials, due to its excellent moisture absorption, air permeability was used as a textile material widely used. China's annual output of nearly 200 million kg class down. In addition to a small number of used clothing and bedding in warm and filling material in the composite material as reinforcing material, mostly used as simple processing animal feed or as waste, which not only the natural protein resources waste and environmental protection, to bring great pressure.
According to the resources of the natural protein material by down, with particle superfine down as adsorbent of superfine down particles on different types of acid red 3R dye in water, the removal of Direct Scarlet 4BS and red R adsorption. The reduction of particle size distribution, nitrogen adsorption desorption (BET), XRD (scanning electron microscope. SEM), analysis of the composition of elements and amino acids, infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) structure and physical morphology of aperture test methods on adsorption were investigated. The effects of adsorption process of ultrafine particles on the dye down through a series of batch processing, to find out the optimum adsorption conditions, and to explore the mechanism of adsorption. The results showed that the surface of ultrafine feather particles processed by powder processing equipment obtained with independent intellectual property rights is not smooth, there are a lot of gaps or holes. The particle diameter in 0.2-12 m, the average particle size of 2.34 + 0.26. M has a specific surface area of 7277cm2/g, a total pore volume of 1797cm3/g, and an average pore size of 9.8779nm. It is a mesoporous material, and it is a two phase aggregate structure of crystalline and amorphous regions with a crystallinity of 43.26%..
Experimental study on the superfine down particle of acid scarlet 3R, Direct Scarlet 4BS adsorption reduction red R dye. The results showed: in the three kinds of dyes, the best particle superfine down adsorption effect of acid red 3R, 137.5516mg/g. on the basis of this, the effect of different temperature (298308318K) under superfine down the particle of acid red 3R adsorption thermodynamics and dynamics. Through the calculation of activation energy and thermodynamic parameters revealed that Ea 59.516kJ/mol, may be chemical adsorption. Delta H0 and delta S0 were greater than 0, G0 less than 0, which indicates that the ultra fine particles down the dye adsorption is a spontaneous chemical adsorption process the heat, the higher the temperature, the adsorption effect is better. With the pseudo first order kinetic model, quasi two level dynamic model to fit the kinetic experimental data, the results show that: the quasi two stage dynamic model Can better describe the adsorption process of ultrafine particles on the feather of acid red 3R. Moreover, quasi two order kinetic equation theory of equilibrium adsorption capacity of QE and the experimental value is very close, suggesting that the rate control process may be chemical adsorption. Through the above analysis, we found that the adsorption process of superfine down particles of acid red 3R dye complex under acidic conditions, superfine down particles and dye ionic bond, dye is adsorbed on the particle orientation of superfine down. In addition, superfine down particles and dye are hydrogen bonding and the Vander Ed Ley effect.
In short, the particle superfine down as a cheap adsorbent of acid red 3R in aqueous solution, Direct Scarlet 4BS VAT scarlet R dye has good removal effect. To provide research basis and theoretical support for subsequent research on the practical application of the superfine down treatment of dye wastewater particles or other refractory organic pollutants.

【學位授予單位】：武漢紡織大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：X791;TS102.3

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