本文選題：矯形器　切入點(diǎn)：可重構(gòu)模具　出處：《寧波大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著數(shù)字化制造技術(shù)的發(fā)展，在上世紀(jì)八十年代，計(jì)算機(jī)輔助設(shè)計(jì)和計(jì)算機(jī)輔助制造（CAD/CAM）及逆向工程技術(shù)（RE）開始用于矯形器制造領(lǐng)域，為矯形器的制造帶來了重大變革。數(shù)字化制造技術(shù)是當(dāng)代最受重視、最具有吸引力的制造技術(shù)之一，基于可重構(gòu)模具的方法來研究人體矯形器的制造開拓了數(shù)字化制造的新領(lǐng)域。本文以人體腿部矯形器為例，對(duì)人體腿部數(shù)據(jù)采集、腿部矯形器的可重構(gòu)模具設(shè)計(jì)、可重構(gòu)模具調(diào)形及后處理等關(guān)鍵技術(shù)進(jìn)行了研究，具體內(nèi)容如下： 對(duì)國內(nèi)外矯形器數(shù)字化制造的主要方法做了分析和總結(jié)，著重對(duì)矯形器數(shù)字化制造相關(guān)的專利和文獻(xiàn)做了介紹。 在人體腿部數(shù)據(jù)采集與處理方面，選用激光三角形法進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)采集，先高斯濾波然后注冊(cè)合并數(shù)據(jù)的處理方法得到腿部數(shù)據(jù)STL文件，最后介紹了STL文件的讀取流程。 為了滿足人體腿部的基本尺寸和醫(yī)療器械對(duì)成形曲面表面的要求，設(shè)計(jì)開發(fā)了一款可重構(gòu)模具。在消除可重構(gòu)單元體孔隙方法，采用了上部為方形的螺帽的設(shè)計(jì)方案；在選擇可重構(gòu)單元體驅(qū)動(dòng)方式方面，采用了下部為螺桿的設(shè)計(jì)方案。 對(duì)針對(duì)矯形器制造的可重構(gòu)模具成形面的造型原理進(jìn)行了研究，提出了基于三維掃描技術(shù)的曲面造型方法，建立了可重構(gòu)模具數(shù)字化模型，，詳細(xì)闡述了可重構(gòu)單元體高度計(jì)算的原理。 對(duì)利用數(shù)控機(jī)床進(jìn)行調(diào)形的原理、調(diào)形方法進(jìn)行了研究，并開發(fā)了具有獨(dú)立自主知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)的調(diào)形軟件。調(diào)形軟件集數(shù)據(jù)輸入輸出、可重構(gòu)高度計(jì)算、虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)、G代碼自動(dòng)生成功能與一體，使可重構(gòu)模具可在數(shù)控機(jī)床驅(qū)動(dòng)下自動(dòng)完成調(diào)形任務(wù)。 為了消除可重構(gòu)臺(tái)階效應(yīng)的影響，提出了利用數(shù)控機(jī)床對(duì)調(diào)形后的可重構(gòu)模具進(jìn)行后續(xù)加工的方法。通過對(duì)調(diào)形后的可重構(gòu)模具進(jìn)行銑削加工，大大消除了臺(tái)階效應(yīng)的影響，提高了可重構(gòu)模具表面質(zhì)量。 通過以上的研究，解決了矯形器制造過程中的數(shù)據(jù)采集及處理、可重構(gòu)模具設(shè)計(jì)、調(diào)形及顯示、臺(tái)階效應(yīng)消除等關(guān)鍵問題，對(duì)矯形器的數(shù)字化制造做了有益的探索。
[Abstract]:With the development of digital manufacturing technology, in -20s, CAD / CAM and reverse engineering technology began to be used in the field of orthosis manufacturing. Digital manufacturing technology is one of the most important and attractive manufacturing technologies in modern times. Based on the method of reconfigurable mould, the research on the manufacture of human orthosis has opened up a new field of digital manufacturing. In this paper, taking the human leg orthosis as an example, the data collection of human leg and the design of reconfigurable mould for leg orthosis are discussed. The key technologies such as reconfigurable die profile adjustment and post-processing are studied. The specific contents are as follows:. The main methods of digital orthosis manufacturing at home and abroad are analyzed and summarized, and the patents and literatures related to digital orthosis manufacturing are introduced. In the aspect of human leg data acquisition and processing, the laser triangle method is used to collect the data. Gao Si filter and then register the data processing method to get leg data STL file. Finally, the reading flow of STL file is introduced. In order to satisfy the basic size of human legs and the requirements of medical instruments for forming curved surface, a reconfigurable die was designed and developed. In the method of eliminating the pore of reconfigurable unit, the design scheme of nut with square upper part was adopted. In the selection of reconfigurable unit drive mode, the lower part of the screw is adopted. The modeling principle of reconfigurable die surface for orthosis manufacturing is studied. A surface modeling method based on 3D scanning technology is proposed, and a digital model of reconfigurable die is established. The principle of height calculation of reconfigurable unit is described in detail. In this paper, the principle and method of profile adjustment using NC machine tools are studied, and the modulation software with independent intellectual property is developed. The software sets data input and output, and reconfigurable height calculation. The function of automatic generation of G code in virtual reality can make the reconfigurable mould realize the task of adjusting shape automatically under the drive of NC machine tool. In order to eliminate the influence of the reconfigurable step effect, a method of machining the reconfigurable mould with NC machine tool is put forward. The influence of the step effect is greatly eliminated by milling the reconfigurable mould after adjusting the shape. The surface quality of reconfigurable die is improved. Through the above research, the key problems in the process of orthosis manufacturing, such as data acquisition and processing, reconfigurable die design, shape adjustment and display, step effect elimination, etc., have been solved, and useful exploration has been made for the digital manufacture of orthosis.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：寧波大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：TH789

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