本文選題：337調查　切入點：貿易保護主義　出處：《揚州大學》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：毋庸置疑,21世紀是知識經(jīng)濟的時代。尤為體現(xiàn)該時代特征的是,WTO成員之間在知識產(chǎn)權領域越來越激烈的競爭,而國際競爭的焦點也轉到對知識產(chǎn)權的保護上,因為我國長期以來是以出口勞動密集型產(chǎn)品為主,故而人們的注意力更多的集中在反傾銷、反補貼等價格數(shù)量控制措施上,忽略了337調查對中國企業(yè)的殺傷力。近幾年來,隨著中國的經(jīng)濟崛起和快速增長的工業(yè)生產(chǎn)與出口,美國針對中國的337調查案件在數(shù)量上大幅增長,特別是2008年美國發(fā)生次貸危機以來情況更為嚴重,中國出口企業(yè)因而遭受到了重大損失。越來越多的中國產(chǎn)品在美國被提起337條款調查。這里所說的337調查亦被稱作337條款訴訟——美國依據(jù)1930年《關稅法》第337節(jié)關于不公平競爭,特別是那些侵犯了美國所保護的專利、商標等知識產(chǎn)權的進口產(chǎn)品發(fā)起的調查。一旦調查指控成立,美國國際貿易委員會(英文全稱為USITC)將會發(fā)布制裁措施,如排除該產(chǎn)品進口到美國。我們可以把上述的情況歸為貿易摩擦,而中美之間之所以產(chǎn)生愈演愈烈的貿易摩擦,根本原因是由于美國在對外貿易中還推行著貿易保護主義政策。美國屢屢啟動337調查程序,這已成為中國的諸多企業(yè)進入美國國內市場的極為嚴重的貿易壁壘。就這一問題,社會對于在337調查中中國企業(yè)始終處于不利地位的這一現(xiàn)實情形做出過各式各樣的反應,但其基本思路都可以歸結為一點——被動的應對。由于全球性金融危機的爆發(fā),導致國際的貿易規(guī)則和有關知識產(chǎn)權方面的戰(zhàn)略也隨之被調整,美國的貿易保護主義政策又從新抬頭,而337調查更加顯現(xiàn)出其貿易保護的巨大作用,美國于是經(jīng)由337調查把金融危機的不利后果轉嫁于他國(尤其是中國)。假如繼續(xù)讓被動應對的思路延續(xù)在中國的對美貿易上,那么中國還將在產(chǎn)品貿易上付出慘重的代價。這勢必對我國的企業(yè)進軍海外市場帶來極為不利的影響,更不利于我國政府所倡導的“走出去”戰(zhàn)略的實施。 本文通過梳理337調查的沿革,分析337條款歷次修改后的特征,指出了337調查的貿易保護主義實質。在對美國“337條款”進行理論研究的基礎上,提出了我國應經(jīng)由政府層面進行應對的策略。要想從根本上解決中國企業(yè)在337調查過程中的被動地位,除了提升中國企業(yè)的知識產(chǎn)權競爭實力外,更重要的是開辟官方解決途徑,這就要求中國政府在應對337調查時要進行準確的角色定位,使中國企業(yè)免遭337調查,從而充分維護中國企業(yè)在國際貿易環(huán)境下的利益,以期推進我國外貿順利發(fā)展、保障國民經(jīng)濟正常健康運行。
[Abstract]:There is no doubt that the 21st century is an era of knowledge economy. What is particularly characteristic of this era is the increasingly fierce competition among WTO members in the field of intellectual property rights, and the focus of international competition has shifted to the protection of intellectual property rights. Because for a long time our country has been mainly exporting labor-intensive products, people's attention has been more focused on anti-dumping, countervailing and other price quantitative control measures, ignoring the killing power of 337 investigations on Chinese enterprises. In recent years, With the rise of China's economy and the rapid growth of industrial production and exports, the number of cases investigated by the United States against China has increased substantially, especially since the subprime mortgage crisis occurred in the United States in 2008. More and more Chinese products are being investigated in the United States. The 337 investigation is also called Section 337 lawsuit-the United States of America under Section 337 of the Customs Act of 1930. With regard to unfair competition, In particular, investigations into imports that violate patents, trademarks and other intellectual property rights protected by the United States. Once the investigation is established, the US International Trade Commission (USITC) will issue sanctions. If we exclude the import of the product to the United States, we can classify the above as trade frictions, and the growing trade friction between China and the United States, The root cause is that the United States also pursues protectionist policies in its foreign trade. The United States has repeatedly initiated the 337 investigation procedure, which has become an extremely serious trade barrier for many Chinese enterprises to enter the domestic market of the United States. On this issue, The society has made various reactions to the fact that Chinese enterprises are always at a disadvantage in the 337 survey, but its basic thinking can all be summed up as a one--passive response. Because of the outbreak of the global financial crisis, As a result, international trade rules and strategies related to intellectual property rights have also been adjusted, the protectionist policies of the United States have resurfaced again, and the 337 investigation has even more demonstrated the enormous role of its trade protection. The United States then passed on the adverse consequences of the financial crisis to other countries (especially China) through 337 investigations. If we continue to let the passive response continue in China's trade with the United States, Then China will also pay a heavy price in product trade, which will inevitably have a very adverse impact on our enterprises' entry into overseas markets, and will be even more detrimental to the implementation of the "going out" strategy advocated by the Chinese government. By combing the evolution of Section 337, this paper analyzes the characteristics of Section 337 after successive revisions, and points out the essence of Trade protectionism of Section 337. On the basis of theoretical research on Section 337 of the United States, In order to fundamentally solve the passive position of Chinese enterprises in the course of 337 investigation, besides enhancing the competitive strength of intellectual property rights of Chinese enterprises, this paper puts forward some strategies to deal with them at the government level. What is more important is to open up an official solution. This requires the Chinese Government to carry out an accurate role positioning in response to the 337 investigation, so that Chinese enterprises will not be investigated in 337, so as to fully safeguard the interests of Chinese enterprises in the international trade environment. With a view to promoting the smooth development of China's foreign trade, to ensure the normal and healthy operation of the national economy.
【學位授予單位】：揚州大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：D922.29

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本文編號：1563974