本文關(guān)鍵詞： 超聲波測量 時差法 標(biāo)定 信號 產(chǎn)品　出處：《重慶理工大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：超聲波流量測量技術(shù)是目前流量測量領(lǐng)域的一個重要分支，它的應(yīng)用十分廣泛，不僅涉及能源、化工、冶金等大型工業(yè)領(lǐng)域，還在環(huán)保、水處理等公共設(shè)施，甚至在民用儀表當(dāng)中也能看到它的身影。人類利用超聲波技術(shù)進行流量的測量最早可以追溯到三十多年以前，但受到當(dāng)時基礎(chǔ)研究水平和電子電路技術(shù)的限制，無法走向產(chǎn)業(yè)化的道路。隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)的不斷進步，測量原理的進一步完善，以及高性能集成電路的產(chǎn)生，利用超聲波對流體流量的精確測量變?yōu)榭赡�，現(xiàn)市場上已經(jīng)形成了超聲波熱量表、超聲波流量計、超聲波水表等一系列的超聲波流量測量儀表產(chǎn)品，并且在測量效果上得到了業(yè)界的肯定。在我國，超聲波測量技術(shù)的應(yīng)用起步較晚，為了緊跟市場發(fā)展的潮流，目前進行超聲波流量測量研究的企事業(yè)單位很多，但在技術(shù)水平以及產(chǎn)業(yè)化方面與國外知名企業(yè)存在明顯差距，需要我們刻苦專研，奮起直追。 為了盡快趕上國外先進水平，填補公司超聲測量產(chǎn)品的空白，提升公司整體競爭力，本次課題研究通過利用現(xiàn)有的技術(shù)資料，結(jié)合自身的研發(fā)水平，開發(fā)具有自主知識產(chǎn)權(quán)、以時差法測量原理為基礎(chǔ)的超聲波熱量表和超聲波流量計產(chǎn)品。前期通過市場調(diào)研以及相關(guān)技術(shù)資料的整理與學(xué)習(xí)，利用成熟樣機進行了硬件電路和軟件算法的驗證，確定總體設(shè)計方案的可行性，然后進行了原理樣機試制，并完成了標(biāo)定實驗，在此過程中，，總結(jié)了阻礙超聲波熱量表和液體超聲波流量計產(chǎn)業(yè)化的技術(shù)難點，并針對這些難點進行了優(yōu)化設(shè)計和工藝改進，例如利用阻抗分析儀和實驗檢測的手段解決超聲波換能器配對問題，使用過零閥值檢測原理解決超聲波熱量表信號采集和算法設(shè)計，針對溫度變化引起的時間差變化的問題進行溫度補償，利用多聲道布局和能量幅值算法解決超聲流量計回波信號波動大、衰減嚴重的問題。同時為了滿足產(chǎn)業(yè)化的目標(biāo)，在產(chǎn)品的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計、硬件設(shè)計和軟件編程上要充分考慮公司生產(chǎn)狀況和技術(shù)特點，使產(chǎn)品最終能夠達到高性能、高可靠性、低成本、規(guī)�；a(chǎn)的產(chǎn)業(yè)化目標(biāo)。
[Abstract]:Ultrasonic flow measurement technology is an important branch of the current flow measurement field, its application is very extensive, not only involved in energy, chemical, metallurgical and other large-scale industrial fields, but also in environmental protection, water treatment and other public facilities. It can be seen even in civil instruments. The measurement of flow by ultrasonic technology can be traced back to more than 30 years, but limited by the level of basic research and electronic circuit technology at that time. With the development of science and technology, the further improvement of measurement principle and the production of high performance integrated circuit, it is possible to use ultrasonic wave to accurately measure the flow rate of fluid. Now the market has formed a series of ultrasonic heat meter, ultrasonic Flowmeter, ultrasonic water meter and a series of ultrasonic flow meter products, and in the measurement effect has been confirmed by the industry. In China. The application of ultrasonic measurement technology started late, in order to keep up with the trend of market development, there are many enterprises and institutions carrying out ultrasonic flow measurement research. But in the aspect of technology level and industrialization, there are obvious differences with foreign famous enterprises, so we need to study hard and catch up with each other. In order to catch up with the advanced level of foreign countries as soon as possible, fill in the blank of ultrasonic measurement products and enhance the overall competitiveness of the company, this topic through the use of existing technical data, combined with their own level of research and development. Develop ultrasonic calorimeter and ultrasonic Flowmeter with independent intellectual property rights and based on the principle of time-difference measurement. Early through market research and related technical data collation and study. A mature prototype is used to verify the hardware circuit and software algorithm to determine the feasibility of the overall design. Then the prototype is trial-produced and the calibration experiment is completed. The technical difficulties hindering the industrialization of ultrasonic calorimeter and liquid ultrasonic Flowmeter are summarized, and the optimization design and process improvement are carried out. For example, the problem of ultrasonic transducer pairing is solved by means of impedance analyzer and experimental detection, and the signal acquisition and algorithm design of ultrasonic heat meter is solved by the principle of zero-crossing threshold detection. In order to compensate the time difference caused by the temperature change, the multi-channel layout and the energy amplitude algorithm are used to solve the echo signal fluctuation of ultrasonic Flowmeter. At the same time, in order to meet the goal of industrialization, the structure design, hardware design and software programming of the product should fully consider the production situation and technical characteristics of the company, so that the product can achieve high performance. High reliability, low cost, scale production industrialization target.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TH814

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