發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-03-30 23:46

【摘要】：在我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)高速發(fā)展的過程中，受經(jīng)濟(jì)利益的驅(qū)動(dòng)，，消費(fèi)者權(quán)益保護(hù)問題日益凸顯，“瘦肉精”、“地溝油”等事件相繼發(fā)生，給消費(fèi)者的合法權(quán)益造成極大的損害。 消費(fèi)者的權(quán)益遭受侵害后，盡管我國(guó)目前的立法對(duì)其權(quán)益保護(hù)提供了法律支持，但在現(xiàn)實(shí)中，消費(fèi)者維權(quán)舉步維艱。首先，消費(fèi)者自身力量微薄，無力終日為食品安全維權(quán)奔波；其次，消費(fèi)者組織作用發(fā)揮有限，也僅僅是在將于2014年3月15日實(shí)施的新的《中華人民共和國(guó)消費(fèi)者權(quán)益保護(hù)法》內(nèi)才賦予了消費(fèi)者協(xié)會(huì)代表消費(fèi)者進(jìn)行公益訴訟的權(quán)利；最后，我國(guó)食品安全領(lǐng)域消費(fèi)者權(quán)益保護(hù)方面立法體制的不健全及執(zhí)法監(jiān)督機(jī)制的不完善更使遭受權(quán)益損害的食品消費(fèi)者的維權(quán)雪上加霜。適應(yīng)當(dāng)今經(jīng)濟(jì)的飛速發(fā)展，本應(yīng)配備有健全、完善、可行的消費(fèi)者權(quán)益保障的體制和措施�；诖耍P者撰寫此文，以期對(duì)食品消費(fèi)者合法權(quán)益的有效保障貢獻(xiàn)自己的一份力量。 本文第一部分從總體上對(duì)文章的選題背景、意義、國(guó)內(nèi)外研究的成果、研究方法和創(chuàng)新進(jìn)行了概括性的總結(jié)，重點(diǎn)引出本文主旨，即食品安全領(lǐng)域的消費(fèi)者權(quán)益保障；第二部分從近年來出現(xiàn)的典型食品安全事例出發(fā)，對(duì)典型事例中存在的問題進(jìn)行剖析；第三部分在分析我國(guó)食品安全問題的產(chǎn)生及目前的立法狀況的基礎(chǔ)上，找出目前我國(guó)在食品立法、監(jiān)管等方面存在的不足；為了更深刻地了解我國(guó)在食品安全領(lǐng)域消費(fèi)者權(quán)益保護(hù)的短板，筆者在第四部分介紹了日本和美國(guó)在食品安全立法、監(jiān)管等方面的情形，找出能適應(yīng)我國(guó)國(guó)情的先進(jìn)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，并在第五部分對(duì)我國(guó)食品安全領(lǐng)域的立法及監(jiān)管的完善提出建議，主要包括在立法和執(zhí)法上完善食品安全監(jiān)管體制、完善食品質(zhì)量安全抽樣檢驗(yàn)檢測(cè)體系、從源頭控制食品安全，增設(shè)食品生產(chǎn)檢查員、加強(qiáng)對(duì)假冒偽劣食品的打擊力度，鼓勵(lì)群眾對(duì)假冒偽劣食品的舉報(bào)、建立食品安全預(yù)警機(jī)制及加大對(duì)食品安全事后救濟(jì)的力度；另外，針對(duì)目前理論界爭(zhēng)議較大的保健食品問題及轉(zhuǎn)基因食品問題，筆者在第六部分對(duì)保健食品行業(yè)事前和事中監(jiān)督制度的缺失及構(gòu)建轉(zhuǎn)基因食品安全的法律規(guī)制方面談了自己的看法，希望對(duì)學(xué)界研究有所貢獻(xiàn)。
[Abstract]:In the process of China's rapid economic development, driven by economic interests, the protection of consumers' rights and interests is increasingly prominent, "lean meat essence", "gutter oil" and other events have occurred one after another, causing great damage to the legitimate rights and interests of consumers. After consumers' rights and interests have been infringed, although China's current legislation provides legal support for their rights and interests protection, in reality, consumers' rights and interests are difficult to safeguard. First of all, consumers themselves are weak, unable to maintain food safety rights all day; Secondly, the role of consumer organizations is limited, and only in the new Consumer Rights and interests Protection Law of the people's Republic of China, which will be implemented on March 15, 2014, does consumer associations have the right to conduct public interest litigation on behalf of consumers; Finally, the imperfection of the legislative system and the law enforcement supervision mechanism in the field of food safety make the protection of the rights and interests of the food consumers worse. To adapt to the rapid development of today's economy, should be equipped with sound, perfect, feasible consumer rights and interests protection system and measures. Based on this, the author writes this article in order to contribute to the effective protection of the legitimate rights and interests of food consumers. In the first part of this paper, the background, significance, research results, research methods and innovations of the article are summarized in general, and the main theme of this paper, namely, the protection of consumers' rights and interests in the field of food safety; The second part starts from the typical food safety cases in recent years, and analyzes the problems existing in the typical cases. In the third part, based on the analysis of the emergence of food safety problems and the current legislative situation, the shortcomings in food legislation, supervision and other aspects of our country are found out. In order to get a better understanding of the deficiency of consumer rights and interests protection in the field of food safety in China, the author introduces the legislation, supervision and other aspects of food safety in Japan and the United States in the fourth part, and finds out the advanced experience that can adapt to the national conditions of our country. In the fifth part, the author puts forward some suggestions on the perfection of the legislation and supervision in the field of food safety in our country, including perfecting the food safety supervision system in legislation and law enforcement, and perfecting the sampling inspection and inspection system of food quality and safety. Control food safety from the source, increase food production inspectors, strengthen the crackdown on counterfeit and shoddy food, encourage the masses to report counterfeit and inferior food, establish food safety early warning mechanism and increase the strength of food safety after-the-event relief; In addition, aiming at the problem of health food and genetically modified food, which are controversial in the theoretical field at present, In the sixth part, the author talks about the lack of supervision system before and during the health food industry and the construction of the legal regulation of genetically modified food safety, hoping to contribute to the academic research.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北經(jīng)貿(mào)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：D922.16;D923.8

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