【摘要】：當(dāng)前在工業(yè)化、城鎮(zhèn)化快速發(fā)展背景下,大量人口和勞動(dòng)力離開(kāi)農(nóng)村到城鎮(zhèn)落戶,農(nóng)戶不經(jīng)營(yíng)承包地的情況越來(lái)越多。本文研究重點(diǎn)在于：深入分析農(nóng)民市民化進(jìn)程中土地財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)問(wèn)題的表現(xiàn)及成因,認(rèn)為農(nóng)村土地財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)問(wèn)題產(chǎn)生的根源是我國(guó)土地制度與管理體制改革不到位,核心是對(duì)農(nóng)民土地財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)方面存在著產(chǎn)權(quán)主體不清、經(jīng)營(yíng)權(quán)能不完善、征地補(bǔ)償過(guò)低等制度缺陷。并進(jìn)一步研究如何改進(jìn)和完善農(nóng)村土地財(cái)產(chǎn)制度,爭(zhēng)取為農(nóng)村土地改革和農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化提供一個(gè)參考的思路。本文除緒論和總結(jié)與展望之外,共分為五大部分。第一部分,從歷史與國(guó)際兩個(gè)角度審視我國(guó)的農(nóng)村土地財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)制度,首先回顧改革開(kāi)放以來(lái)我國(guó)土地財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)制度的歷史沿革,而后分析國(guó)際上發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家土地財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)制度變革,成功和失敗的案例對(duì)我國(guó)的啟示,以便把握進(jìn)一步改革完善我國(guó)農(nóng)村土地制度的方向。第二部分,明確各項(xiàng)土地財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)具體內(nèi)涵。對(duì)農(nóng)村土地所有權(quán)、農(nóng)地承包權(quán)、農(nóng)地經(jīng)營(yíng)權(quán)、宅基地使用權(quán)、農(nóng)村集體建設(shè)用地使用權(quán)、農(nóng)地經(jīng)營(yíng)權(quán)抵押權(quán)、土地征收補(bǔ)償權(quán)、集體收益分配權(quán),分別作出析義。第三部分,通過(guò)對(duì)中國(guó)農(nóng)村土地產(chǎn)權(quán)問(wèn)題的表現(xiàn)、成因分析,從而指出制約中國(guó)特色農(nóng)地產(chǎn)權(quán)制度、農(nóng)地流轉(zhuǎn)制度和農(nóng)地征地制度的不足,以及農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化所面臨的制度障礙；分析武漢市江夏區(qū)農(nóng)村土地財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)缺失的現(xiàn)狀。第四部分,對(duì)如何改進(jìn)農(nóng)村土地財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)制度提出對(duì)策,為深化土地改革提供思路。第五部分,提出完善農(nóng)村土地財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)制度的建議,明晰農(nóng)村土地財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)主體,“三權(quán)分離”放活土地經(jīng)營(yíng)權(quán),賦予新型農(nóng)業(yè)主體經(jīng)營(yíng)權(quán),保護(hù)農(nóng)民經(jīng)營(yíng)權(quán)流轉(zhuǎn),土地股份合作讓農(nóng)民“持股進(jìn)城”,完善土地財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)立法保護(hù),探索土地財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)的有效實(shí)現(xiàn)形式,為完善土地改革提出相關(guān)政策建議。
[Abstract]:At present, under the background of rapid development of industrialization and urbanization, a large number of people and labor force leave the countryside to settle down in cities and towns, and more farmers do not manage contracted land. This paper focuses on: deeply analyzing the expression and causes of the problem of land property rights in the process of peasants' urbanization, and considering that the root of the problem is that the reform of land system and management system in our country is not in place. The core is that there are some defects in the protection of farmers' land property rights, such as unclear subject of property rights, imperfect management rights and low compensation for land requisition. And further study how to improve and perfect the system of rural land property, and strive to provide a reference for the rural land reform and agricultural modernization. In addition to the introduction and summary and outlook, this paper is divided into five parts. The first part, from the historical and international perspectives, examines the system of rural land property rights in China. First, it reviews the historical evolution of the system of land property rights in China since the reform and opening up, and then analyzes the changes in the system of land property rights in developed countries. In order to grasp the direction of further reform and perfection of our country's rural land system, the successful and failed cases can enlighten our country. The second part, clarify the specific connotation of land property rights. To the rural land ownership, the farmland contract right, the farmland management right, the house land use right, the countryside collective construction land use right, the farmland management right mortgage, the land expropriation compensation right, the collective income distribution right, makes the justice separately. The third part, through the performance of the Chinese rural land property rights, causes analysis, thus pointing out the constraints of the system of farmland property rights with Chinese characteristics, farmland transfer system and farmland expropriation system, as well as the system of agricultural modernization faced by the obstacles; This paper analyzes the present situation of the lack of rural land property right in Jiangxia District of Wuhan City. The fourth part, how to improve the system of rural land property rights, to provide ideas for deepening land reform. In the fifth part, some suggestions are put forward to perfect the system of rural land property right, to clarify the main body of rural land property right, to activate the land management right by "separation of three rights", to endow the new type of agricultural subject with management right, and to protect the circulation of farmers' management right. The cooperation of land shares enables farmers to "hold shares in cities", perfect the legislative protection of land property rights, explore the effective realization forms of land property rights, and put forward relevant policy suggestions for the perfection of land reform.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：D922.32
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本文編號(hào)：2338082