【摘要】：當(dāng)前,信息環(huán)境、傳播環(huán)境、輿論環(huán)境日益復(fù)雜,突發(fā)事件更加頻繁,輿論形態(tài)更加多元,輿情回應(yīng)需要重視,民眾知情權(quán)、參與權(quán)、表達(dá)權(quán)、監(jiān)督權(quán)等權(quán)益也亟需保障,輿情治理面臨全新的挑戰(zhàn),社會(huì)輿情依法治理成為時(shí)代的重要課題。在堅(jiān)定不移推進(jìn)全面依法治國進(jìn)程中,只有明晰"輿情為什么需要治理""誰是治理主體""應(yīng)遵循什么治理原則和法律程序"等基本問題,才能探索解決社會(huì)輿情治理過程中面臨的法律思維缺失、預(yù)警機(jī)制虛置、正面引導(dǎo)不力等關(guān)鍵問題,這不僅是執(zhí)政合法性的內(nèi)在需求,也是社會(huì)秩序維護(hù)的迫切要求,還是言論自由保護(hù)的實(shí)現(xiàn)路徑。社會(huì)輿情治理的前提是權(quán)利的相對(duì)性,目的是國家行使公權(quán)力保障私權(quán)利,本質(zhì)是利益間的衡量取舍,這決定了社會(huì)輿情治理的核心主體是代表國家行使最高公權(quán)力的組織體——政府,也決定了政府在社會(huì)輿情治理中應(yīng)以"尊重和保障權(quán)利"為目的和宗旨,堅(jiān)持"權(quán)利義務(wù)相統(tǒng)一""職權(quán)職責(zé)相對(duì)應(yīng)""禁止權(quán)利(力)濫用"和"法律成長"的原則,遵循"受理‘權(quán)利束表達(dá)’、動(dòng)員社會(huì)力量開展‘協(xié)商式民意調(diào)查’、做出‘新聞發(fā)言人+法律顧問’的專業(yè)回應(yīng)、與時(shí)俱進(jìn)完善制度"的實(shí)施路徑,實(shí)現(xiàn)依法治理。
[Abstract]:At present, the information environment, the communication environment and the public opinion environment are becoming increasingly complex, emergencies are more frequent, public opinion forms are more diversified, the public opinion response needs attention, the people's right to know, the right to participate, the right to express, the right to supervise, and other rights and interests are also in urgent need of protection. Public opinion governance faces new challenges, social public opinion governance by law has become an important topic of the times. In the course of unswervingly advancing the process of governing the country according to law in an all-round way, only the basic issues such as "why public opinion needs to be governed", "who is the main body of governance", "what principles and legal procedures of governance should be followed", It is not only the inherent demand of ruling legitimacy, but also the urgent requirement of maintaining social order that we can explore and solve the key problems, such as the lack of legal thinking, the empty early warning mechanism, the weak positive guidance and so on, which are faced with in the process of the governance of social public opinion. It is also the way to realize the protection of freedom of speech. The premise of the governance of social public opinion is the relativity of rights, the purpose of which is that the state exercises public power to protect private rights. This determines that the core subject of the governance of social public opinion is the government, the organization that represents the highest public power of the country, and that the government should have the aim and purpose of "respecting and safeguarding rights" in the governance of social public opinion. Adhering to the principles of "unifying rights and obligations," corresponding functions and duties, "prohibiting abuse of rights (force)" and "legal growth," following the principle of "accepting the expression of 'rights', mobilizing social forces to carry out 'consultative public opinion surveys,'" Make the professional response of spokesman legal adviser, advance with the times and perfect the system "implementation path, realize the governance according to law."
【作者單位】： 北京師范大學(xué)中國社會(huì)管理研究院/社會(huì)學(xué)院;
【基金】：教育部哲學(xué)社會(huì)科學(xué)研究重大課題攻關(guān)項(xiàng)目“重大突發(fā)事件社會(huì)輿情演化規(guī)律及應(yīng)對(duì)策略研究”(15JZD027) 中國行政體制改革研究會(huì)基金項(xiàng)目“十八大以來社會(huì)治理理論創(chuàng)新與實(shí)踐研究”
【分類號(hào)】：D922.16

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