【摘要】：在頻發(fā)的食品安全事件面前，食品安全監(jiān)管部門顯然力不從心，公眾參與食品安全監(jiān)管成為必然。我國食品安全法律法規(guī)中已經(jīng)有公眾參與的一些制度規(guī)定，但現(xiàn)有的法律規(guī)定過于零散，不夠具體，缺乏可操作性和激勵機制，公眾參與在廣度和深度上還處于較低水平，公眾參與監(jiān)管的實際效果并不理想，亟待我們構建更為積極有效的食品安全監(jiān)管公眾參與法律機制，以提高公眾參與的程度，增進公眾參與的實效。本文在考察我國食品安全監(jiān)管現(xiàn)有制度的基礎上，分析現(xiàn)有制度規(guī)定自身及其運行中存在的問題，并借鑒國外相關制度的成功經(jīng)驗，探索完善我國食品安全監(jiān)管公眾參與法律機制的路徑，進而最大限度地保障公眾的食品安全利益，促進社會主義市場經(jīng)濟秩序健康發(fā)展。文章共分為五個部分。 第一部分闡述食品安全監(jiān)管公眾參與法律機制的基本問題。這一部分主要闡述公眾參與的一般定義，以及公眾參與在主體、方式和界限等方面的特征。具體到食品安全監(jiān)管領域，公眾參與在主體、方式和界限上存在一些特殊性，但總體上符合一般性的特征。 第二部分論述食品安全監(jiān)管公眾參與的理論基礎和實踐訴求。參與式民主理論、公共治理理論和政府失靈理論從不同層面奠定了公眾參與的理論基礎；實踐中食品安全監(jiān)管的現(xiàn)狀需要我們引入公眾參與機制，從而彌補政府監(jiān)管的不足，形成對政府監(jiān)管的監(jiān)督，并捍衛(wèi)公眾作為食品消費者在食品生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營中的最終決定權。 第三部分分析我國當前食品安全監(jiān)管公眾參與面臨的問題。這一部分在考察和梳理我國食品安全監(jiān)管公眾參與現(xiàn)有制度規(guī)定的基礎上，分析現(xiàn)有公眾參與制度在實踐中面臨的問題。問題主要集中于信息公開機制不健全造成公眾參與依據(jù)不足，公眾舉報制度不完善造成公眾參與乏力，反饋機制缺失造成公眾參與權軟化，參與方式缺乏創(chuàng)新造成公眾參與度不高。 第四部分是對國外食品安全監(jiān)管公眾參與制度的考察，這一部分分別考察和比較美國、日本和歐盟在相關制度上的經(jīng)驗做法，并總結三者共通的經(jīng)驗做法對我國的啟示。 第五部分是完善我國食品安全監(jiān)管公眾參與法律機制的路徑選擇。完善的路徑以食品安全信息公開為基礎，完善公眾參與食品安全立法和標準制定，進而提出構建政府與公眾之間的良性互動機制，并加強社會組織在食品安全監(jiān)管中的作用，健全食品安全監(jiān)管公眾舉報，最后探索公眾提起食品安全公益訴訟法律制度。
[Abstract]:In the face of frequent food safety incidents, the food safety supervision department is obviously unable to do what it wants, so it is inevitable for the public to participate in food safety supervision. There are already some regulations on public participation in food safety laws and regulations in China, but the existing laws and regulations are too scattered, not specific, lack of maneuverability and incentive mechanism, and public participation is still at a low level in breadth and depth. The actual effect of public participation in supervision is not ideal. It is urgent for us to construct a more active and effective legal mechanism of public participation in food safety supervision in order to improve the degree of public participation and enhance the effectiveness of public participation. On the basis of investigating the existing system of food safety supervision in our country, this paper analyzes the problems existing in the regulation of the existing system and its operation, and draws lessons from the successful experience of the relevant systems of foreign countries. This paper explores the ways to perfect the legal mechanism of public participation in the supervision of food safety in China, so as to ensure the food safety interests of the public to the maximum extent, and to promote the healthy development of the socialist market economic order. The article is divided into five parts. The first part expounds the basic problems of public participation in the legal mechanism of food safety supervision. This part mainly expounds the general definition of public participation and the characteristics of public participation in subject, mode and boundary. In the field of food safety supervision, there are some particularities in the subject, mode and boundary of public participation, but generally accord with the general characteristics. The second part discusses the theoretical basis and practical appeal of public participation in food safety supervision. The theory of participatory democracy, the theory of public governance and the theory of government failure have laid the theoretical foundation of public participation from different levels, and the present situation of food safety supervision in practice requires us to introduce the mechanism of public participation in order to make up for the deficiencies of government supervision. To form the supervision of the government and defend the final decision of the public as food consumers in food production and operation. The third part analyzes the problems of public participation in food safety supervision. On the basis of investigating and combing the existing regulations of public participation in food safety supervision in China, this part analyzes the problems faced by the existing public participation system in practice. The problems mainly focus on the deficiency of the public participation basis caused by the imperfect information disclosure mechanism, the weakness of the public participation caused by the imperfect public reporting system, and the softening of the public participation right caused by the lack of feedback mechanism. The lack of innovation in the way of participation results in a low degree of public participation. The fourth part is the inspection of the public participation system of the foreign food safety supervision. This part examines and compares the experiences of the United States, Japan and the European Union in the relevant systems, and summarizes the enlightenment of the three common practices to our country. The fifth part is the path choice of perfecting the public participation mechanism of food safety supervision in China. The perfect path is based on the publicity of food safety information, consummates the public participation in food safety legislation and standard-setting, then puts forward the construction of a benign interaction mechanism between the government and the public, and strengthens the role of social organizations in food safety supervision. Improve food safety supervision of public reporting, and finally explore the public food safety public interest litigation legal system.
【學位授予單位】：西南政法大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D922.16

【參考文獻】

相關期刊論文 前10條

1 白明華;;我國環(huán)境影響評價制度中公眾參與的完善[J];湖北社會科學;2013年01期

2 鄧劍斌;;構建我國食品安全風險評估公眾參與制度的建議[J];法制博覽(中旬刊);2013年10期

3 孔繁華;;我國食品安全信息公布制度研究[J];華南師范大學學報(社會科學版);2010年03期

4 崔卓蘭;宋慧宇;;論我國食品安全監(jiān)管方式的多元化[J];華南師范大學學報(社會科學版);2010年03期

5 戚建剛;;我國食品安全風險規(guī)制模式之轉(zhuǎn)型[J];法學研究;2011年01期

6 阮興文;;論食品安全監(jiān)管公眾參與機制[J];理論月刊;2009年04期

7 郭琛;;食品安全監(jiān)管:行業(yè)自律下的維度分析[J];西北農(nóng)林科技大學學報(社會科學版);2010年05期

8 張紅宇;;我國食品安全規(guī)制的體系重構[J];農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)濟;2010年02期

9 趙喜鳳;蔡仲;;食品安全的“可信性”——基于“公眾參與”的分析[J];科學學研究;2012年08期

10 湯金寶;;食品安全管制中公眾參與現(xiàn)狀的調(diào)查分析[J];江蘇科技信息;2011年04期

，

本文編號：2202793