本文選題：公共租賃住房 + 供給��； 參考：《山西財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：住宅權(quán)是我們每個(gè)居民應(yīng)當(dāng)享有的基本權(quán)利,隨著我國住房制度的發(fā)展與改革,我國的住房供給模式已經(jīng)從90年代的住房福利制發(fā)展到現(xiàn)在的市場配置和政府保障相結(jié)合的“雙軌制”住房供給模式。但是隨著我國經(jīng)濟(jì)的飛速發(fā)展,住房供應(yīng)開始過度的商品化,商品房價(jià)格不斷攀升,一些新參加工作或剛就業(yè)的大學(xué)畢業(yè)生以及進(jìn)城務(wù)工的農(nóng)民工等中低收入人口無法負(fù)擔(dān)高額的房價(jià),住房困難問題突出。為了解決這部分群體的住房困難問題,我們國家開始逐步優(yōu)化住房供應(yīng)端,建立以公共租賃住房為主的住房保障供給體系。公共租賃住房是政府提供優(yōu)惠政策,將其所持有的的房屋以低于市場價(jià)的租金租給城鎮(zhèn)低收入困難家庭,緩解住房供需矛盾的一種保障性住房。2016年,我國發(fā)布《加快培育和發(fā)展住房租賃市場的若干意見》,其中提出要不斷完善法律法規(guī),逐步形成�；�、促公平、可持續(xù)的公共租賃住房保障體系,同時(shí)在“十三五”規(guī)劃中政府強(qiáng)調(diào)要健全住房供應(yīng)體系,擴(kuò)大公共租賃住房保障范圍,實(shí)現(xiàn)公共租賃住房的貨幣化,建立購租并舉的住房制度。然而,由于我國的立法不健全,我國公共租賃住房的供給制度存在一些問題,比如立法體系建設(shè)不完善,政府的法律責(zé)任不明確,融資制度存在缺陷,土地供應(yīng)制度不健全等等。這些法制缺陷制約著我國公共租賃住房的發(fā)展,不利于中低收入的夾心層群眾解決住房困難問題。要解決這些問題,必須要完善跟公共租賃住房的供給制度相關(guān)的法律法規(guī)。本文借鑒了國外的相關(guān)研究成果,并結(jié)合了國內(nèi)典型地區(qū)的相關(guān)實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn),以經(jīng)濟(jì)法學(xué)、社會(huì)法學(xué)為基礎(chǔ),對我國的公共租賃住房供給制度進(jìn)行了深入的探討。首先闡述了我國公共租賃住房的概念和法律特征;其次重點(diǎn)分析了我國上海、深圳、北京等典型地區(qū)的公共租賃住房供給立法,提出了我國地方上的公共租賃住房供給法律制度存在的主要問題;再次通過對英國、美國、日本三個(gè)國外典型國家的公租房供給法律制度的對比、分析和研究,得出了一些有益的經(jīng)驗(yàn),如法律體系完整,政府作用主導(dǎo)以及擁有完善的資金籌集機(jī)制和完備土地供應(yīng)制度。最后在對公租房供給的法律基礎(chǔ)進(jìn)行探討后,提出要建立完善的公租房供給法律制度,包括完善政府職能以及完善資金籌集機(jī)制,土地供應(yīng)制度等公租房供給相關(guān)的具體法律制度。文章中對公共租賃住房供給法律問題的研究對我國政府為主,市場參與為輔的城鎮(zhèn)住房保障法律體系的完善有著一定的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。
[Abstract]:Housing right is the basic right that every resident of us should enjoy. With the development and reform of housing system in our country, The housing supply mode of our country has developed from the housing welfare system in the 1990s to the "two-track" housing supply mode which combines the market allocation with the government guarantee. However, with the rapid development of our economy, the housing supply began to be over-commercialized, and the price of commercial housing continued to rise. Some new or newly employed college graduates as well as migrant workers in cities and other low- and middle-income people can not afford high housing prices, housing problems highlighted. In order to solve the housing difficulties of this group, our country began to gradually optimize the housing supply end and establish a housing security supply system based on public rental housing. Public rental housing is a kind of affordable housing that the government offers preferential policies to lease the houses it holds to low-income families in cities and towns at below-market rents, easing the contradiction between the supply and demand of housing. China has issued several opinions on speeding up the cultivation and development of the housing rental market, in which it is proposed to continuously improve the laws and regulations, and gradually form a basic, fair and sustainable public rental housing security system. At the same time, in the 13th Five-Year Plan, the government stressed the need to improve the housing supply system, expand the scope of public rental housing security, realize the monetization of public rental housing, and establish a housing system with simultaneous purchase and rent. However, due to the imperfect legislation of our country, there are some problems in the supply system of public rental housing in our country, such as the imperfect construction of the legislative system, the unclear legal responsibility of the government, and the defects of the financing system. Land supply system is not perfect and so on. These legal defects restrict the development of public rental housing in our country, and are not conducive to solving the housing difficulties of the middle and low income sandwich class people. To solve these problems, we must perfect the laws and regulations related to the supply system of public rental housing. This paper draws lessons from the relevant research results of foreign countries and combines the relevant practical experience of typical areas in China. Based on the economic law and social law, this paper makes a deep discussion on the supply system of public rental housing in China. Firstly, the concept and legal characteristics of public rental housing in China are expounded. Secondly, the legislation on the supply of public rental housing in Shanghai, Shenzhen, Beijing and other typical areas is analyzed. The main problems existing in the legal system of the supply of public rental housing in our country are put forward. Thirdly, through the comparison, analysis and study of the legal system of the supply of public rental housing in three typical foreign countries, the United Kingdom, the United States and Japan, Some useful experiences are obtained, such as the integrity of the legal system, the leading role of the government, and the existence of a sound fund raising mechanism and a complete land supply system. Finally, after discussing the legal basis of the public rental housing supply, the author proposes to establish a perfect legal system of public rental housing supply, including perfecting the government function and the mechanism of raising funds. Land supply system and other public rental housing supply related to the specific legal system. The research on the legal issues of public rental housing supply in this paper is of practical significance to the improvement of the legal system of urban housing security, which is mainly provided by the government and supplemented by market participation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D922.29;D922.182

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