本文選題：食品生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)者后續(xù)觀察義務(wù) + 食品跟蹤觀察義務(wù)　； 參考：《海南大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：食品生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)者是食品安全的第一責(zé)任人,后續(xù)觀察義務(wù)是食品生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)者承擔(dān)食品安全責(zé)任的重要體現(xiàn)。食品生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)者的后續(xù)觀察義務(wù)將對(duì)食品的安全注意義務(wù)延伸到食品流通領(lǐng)域,對(duì)保障公共安全和維護(hù)消費(fèi)者群體利益具有重要意義。我國(guó)法律法規(guī)對(duì)食品生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)者后續(xù)觀察義務(wù)規(guī)定不完善、體系不健全。基于我國(guó)食品生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)者后續(xù)觀察義務(wù)的現(xiàn)狀,本文通過(guò)考察域外國(guó)家和地區(qū)食品生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)者后續(xù)觀察義務(wù)的立法情況和相關(guān)制度得以總結(jié)和借鑒其有價(jià)值的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。本文正文由五個(gè)部分組成。第一部分?jǐn)⑹隽耸称飞a(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)者后續(xù)觀察義務(wù)的基本理論。食品生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)者后續(xù)觀察義務(wù)是指食品生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)者對(duì)已經(jīng)進(jìn)入流通領(lǐng)域的食品,負(fù)有的繼續(xù)觀察食品的安全性,追蹤、采集、報(bào)告食品安全信息,并于必要時(shí)采取警示、召回等補(bǔ)救措施的義務(wù)。其主要內(nèi)容包括作為主體的食品生產(chǎn)者和經(jīng)營(yíng)者在食品流通領(lǐng)域履行的食品跟蹤觀察義務(wù)、售后警示義務(wù)和食品召回義務(wù)。該內(nèi)容在法律性質(zhì)上屬于義務(wù)范疇,且是法定義務(wù),具有公法和私法的雙重屬性。第二部分主要分析了我國(guó)食品生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)者后續(xù)觀察義務(wù)的立法現(xiàn)狀。我國(guó)在食品生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)者后續(xù)觀察義務(wù)的內(nèi)容中主要規(guī)定了食品召回義務(wù)的主體、類(lèi)型、條件、法律責(zé)任及售后警示的履行前提和法律責(zé)任等。第三部分論述我國(guó)食品生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)者后續(xù)觀察義務(wù)主要存在六大問(wèn)題,分別是缺乏食品跟蹤觀察義務(wù)的規(guī)定、售后警示義務(wù)的法律規(guī)范不完善、食品召回義務(wù)法律規(guī)定不健全、食品安全溯源體系不健全、食品安全強(qiáng)制責(zé)任保險(xiǎn)不完善和食品生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)者違反該義務(wù)后的責(zé)任承擔(dān)重行政輕民事。第四部分主要考察了歐盟、日本和美國(guó)等域外國(guó)家和地區(qū)食品生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)者后續(xù)觀察義務(wù)的立法經(jīng)驗(yàn)及食品安全相關(guān)制度。域外國(guó)家具有較完善的食品生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)者后續(xù)觀察義務(wù)法律體系且履行該義務(wù)的保障機(jī)制健全。第五部分從三個(gè)方面提出對(duì)我國(guó)食品生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)者后續(xù)觀察義務(wù)的完善建議。包括加強(qiáng)食品生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)者后續(xù)觀察義務(wù)本身的理論完善和法律體系建設(shè),建立食品生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)者后觀察義務(wù)的民事責(zé)任體系,完善食品溯源體系建設(shè)和落實(shí)食品安全強(qiáng)制責(zé)任保險(xiǎn)制度。
[Abstract]:Food producers and operators are the first person responsible for food safety, and the duty of follow-up observation is an important embodiment of food safety responsibility. The following observation obligation of food producers and operators extends the duty of attention to food safety to the field of food circulation, which is of great significance to the protection of public safety and the protection of the interests of consumers. China's laws and regulations on food producers and operators follow-up observation obligations are not perfect, the system is not perfect. Based on the present situation of follow-up observation obligation of food producers and operators in China, this paper summarizes and draws lessons from its valuable experience by investigating the legislation and relevant systems of food producers and operators in foreign countries and regions. The text consists of five parts. The first part describes the basic theory of the following observation obligation of food producers and operators. The duty of follow-up observation by food producers and operators refers to the continuing observation, tracking, collection and reporting of food safety information by food producers and operators who have entered the field of circulation, and shall, if necessary, take warnings. The obligation to recall and other remedies. The main contents include the duty of food tracking and observation, the duty of warning after sale and the duty of food recall, which are performed by food producers and operators in the field of food circulation. The content belongs to the category of obligation in the nature of law, and it is legal obligation, which has the dual attribute of public law and private law. The second part mainly analyzes the legislation status of the follow-up observation obligation of food producers and operators in China. In our country, the main body, type, condition, legal liability and the premise and legal liability of the duty of food recall are mainly stipulated in the content of the duty of follow-up observation of food producers and operators. The third part discusses that there are six main problems in the follow-up observation obligation of food producers and operators in China, which are the lack of provisions on the duty of food follow-up observation, the imperfect legal norms of the duty of warning after sale, the imperfect legal provisions on the obligation of food recall, and the deficiency of the legal provisions on the obligation of food recall. The traceability system of food safety is not perfect, the compulsory liability insurance of food safety is imperfect and the responsibility of food producers and operators after violating this obligation is to pay more attention to administration than to civil affairs. The fourth part mainly studies the legislation experience and food safety related system of food producers and operators in the European Union, Japan and the United States and other foreign countries and regions. Foreign countries have a perfect legal system of follow-up observation obligation of food producers and operators and a sound guarantee mechanism for fulfilling this obligation. In the fifth part, the author puts forward some suggestions on the following observation duty of food producers and operators in China from three aspects. Including strengthening the theoretical perfection and legal system construction of the follow-up observation obligation of the food producers and operators, and establishing the civil liability system of the post-observation obligation of the food producers and operators. Perfect food traceability system construction and implement food safety compulsory liability insurance system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：海南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D922.16;F203;F426.82

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