發(fā)布時間：2018-04-17 05:01

  本文選題：土地承包經(jīng)營權(quán) + 合作社　； 參考：《西南政法大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：“夫地利者，生民之命脈也”�？梢�，農(nóng)民的生存權(quán)和發(fā)展權(quán)與農(nóng)村土地制度緊密相連。隨著農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)化和專業(yè)化的日益深入，曾經(jīng)極大解放農(nóng)村生產(chǎn)力的土地承包經(jīng)營權(quán)，現(xiàn)在卻阻礙了農(nóng)村的發(fā)展。因此，實務界和理論界都將如何完善土地承包經(jīng)營權(quán)的流轉(zhuǎn)作為最重要的課題之一。而本文著眼于土地承包經(jīng)營權(quán)入股這一流轉(zhuǎn)方式，并將入股限定在農(nóng)民專業(yè)合作社，探討其存在的問題并提出了自己的法制思考。 本文除了前言和結(jié)語，共分為四個部分，字數(shù)約兩萬四千字，主要內(nèi)容如下： 第一部分，概述。本部分首先介紹了農(nóng)民專業(yè)合作社這一組織形式的基本情況，包括其概念、性質(zhì)和特點；其次闡述了土地承包經(jīng)營權(quán)入股的性質(zhì)，這是學術(shù)界爭議較大的問題也是本文研究的基礎，主要有三種觀點：物權(quán)性流轉(zhuǎn)說、債權(quán)性流轉(zhuǎn)說、股權(quán)性流轉(zhuǎn)說，筆者贊同物權(quán)性流轉(zhuǎn)說；最后分析了土地承包經(jīng)營權(quán)入股的三種載體，即股份合作制企業(yè)、有限責任公司、農(nóng)民專業(yè)合作社，分析了不是股份合作制企業(yè)和有限責任公司的原因，農(nóng)民專業(yè)合作社才是土地承包經(jīng)營權(quán)入股最適宜的載體。 第二部分，理論依據(jù)。本部分介紹了經(jīng)濟正義理論、用益物權(quán)理論、分化整合理論，闡述了這些理論的內(nèi)涵以及與土地承包經(jīng)營權(quán)入股專業(yè)合作社的聯(lián)系。 第三部分，入股存在的問題。本部分闡述了如下四個問題：第一，不同法規(guī)之間存在沖突；第二，土地承包經(jīng)營權(quán)如何評估作價；第三，法律入社的土地承包經(jīng)營權(quán)流轉(zhuǎn)的限制；第四，農(nóng)民專業(yè)合作社內(nèi)部治理結(jié)構(gòu)不完善。 第四部分，法制思考。本部分針對上一部分提出的問題，結(jié)合實踐情況，提出了完善建議。首先，修改《中華人民共和國農(nóng)村土地承包法》的相關(guān)內(nèi)容；其次，建立土地承包經(jīng)營權(quán)登記制度；第三，，確定土地承包經(jīng)營權(quán)評估作價機制；第四，修改對入社的家庭承包的土地承包經(jīng)營權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓的限制，允許農(nóng)民專業(yè)合作社以入股的土地承包經(jīng)營權(quán)設立抵押；第五，就完善農(nóng)民專業(yè)合作社的內(nèi)部治理結(jié)構(gòu)提出了幾點看法：充分發(fā)揮社員大會的作用，強制設立理事會（或理事）和監(jiān)事會（或監(jiān)事），加強經(jīng)理制度的建設。
[Abstract]:If you are in the right place, the lifeblood of the people will be born.Visible, farmer's survival right and development right and rural land system are closely linked.With the deepening of agricultural industrialization and specialization, the land contract management right, which once liberated rural productive forces, has hindered the development of rural areas.Therefore, how to improve the circulation of land contractual management right is regarded as one of the most important topics in the field of practice and theory.This paper focuses on the circulation of the right to land contractual management, and limits the ownership to farmers' specialized cooperatives, discusses its existing problems and puts forward its own legal thinking.In addition to the foreword and the conclusion, this paper is divided into four parts, the number of words is about 24000 words, the main content is as follows:The first part is an overview.This part first introduces the basic situation of the organization form of the farmer specialized cooperative, including its concept, nature and characteristics; secondly, it expounds the nature of the right of land contract management to invest in the stock.This is a controversial issue in academic circles and the basis of this study, there are three main points of view: real right transfer theory, creditor's rights transfer theory, equity circulation theory, the author agrees with the property rights transfer theory;Finally, the paper analyzes three kinds of carriers of land contractual management right, that is, joint-stock cooperative enterprises, limited liability companies, farmers' specialized cooperatives, and analyzes the reasons why they are not joint-stock cooperative enterprises and limited liability companies.The farmer specialized cooperative is the most suitable carrier of the land contract management right.The second part, theoretical basis.This part introduces the theory of economic justice, the theory of usufruct and the theory of differentiation and integration.The third part, the existing problems of stock acquisition.This part expounds the following four problems: first, there are conflicts between different laws and regulations; second, how to evaluate the land contractual management right; third, the restrictions on the transfer of the land contractual management right into the cooperative; fourth,The inside management structure of farmer specialized cooperative is not perfect.The fourth part, legal thinking.In this part, according to the problems raised in the previous part, combined with the practice, some suggestions are put forward.First, to amend the relevant contents of the Rural Land contract Law of the people's Republic of China; secondly, to establish a registration system for the right to contract land management; third, to determine the pricing mechanism for the evaluation of land contractual management rights; and fourth,To amend the restrictions on the transfer of the right to contract and manage land contracted by the families who have joined the cooperative, and to allow the farmers' specialized cooperatives to set up mortgages with the right to contract and manage the land in which they have shares; fifth,This paper puts forward some views on perfecting the internal governance structure of farmers' professional cooperatives: give full play to the role of the members' Congress, compulsorily set up the board of directors and the board of supervisors (or supervisors), and strengthen the construction of the manager system.
【學位授予單位】：西南政法大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D922.32;D922.4

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