發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-04-11 18:00

  本文選題：公共利益 + 界定�。� 參考：《安徽大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：對(duì)公共利益進(jìn)行明確界定,在理順物權(quán)法律關(guān)系,明確各方權(quán)利義務(wù),維護(hù)社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)秩序方面,無(wú)疑具有極大的意義。我國(guó)現(xiàn)行法律體系中多部法律法規(guī),在征收征用等制度中,屢屢提及公共利益概念,但由于公共利益的不確定性,大多未對(duì)公共利益這一法律術(shù)語(yǔ)進(jìn)行清晰明確的定義,甚至大部分法律法規(guī)對(duì)公共利益的確定持以回避的態(tài)度,對(duì)公共利益的界定和爭(zhēng)議解決程序也未涉及,使得公共利益一詞成為一個(gè)模糊詞語(yǔ)。在具體法律實(shí)施過(guò)程中,公共利益識(shí)別的自由裁量權(quán)力被濫用,作為強(qiáng)勢(shì)主體一方的政府部門或者企業(yè)利益集團(tuán)變相壟斷公共利益解釋的話語(yǔ)權(quán),借此以掠奪私人財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)利,造成真正公共利益的損害,公共利益如何界定和應(yīng)用成了一個(gè)亟待解決的法律議題。 本文結(jié)合我國(guó)征收制度的立法及實(shí)踐現(xiàn)狀,借鑒國(guó)外立法中的先進(jìn)經(jīng)驗(yàn),從公共利益的法律特征、界定公共利益的基本原則和公共利益的實(shí)現(xiàn)程序三大部分內(nèi)容進(jìn)行探討,力求為增強(qiáng)立法的科學(xué)性和法律實(shí)施的可操作性提供有益參考。第一部分“公共利益的法律特征”。首先簡(jiǎn)要概述了公共利益概念的發(fā)展歷史,得出公共利益概念的發(fā)展與社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展密切相關(guān)的規(guī)律,指出在對(duì)公共利益作出判斷和解釋時(shí),也要切合此種社會(huì)發(fā)展潮流；其次,通過(guò)描述公共利益所具有的特征,來(lái)對(duì)公共利益作出一個(gè)比較明晰的判斷和界定,對(duì)公共利益的變動(dòng)性、現(xiàn)實(shí)利益性、非營(yíng)利性、非排他性四大特征作出探討和解釋；最后,將最容易與公共利益相混淆的幾個(gè)概念,包括國(guó)家利益、政府利益、社會(huì)利益,分別例舉,并試圖加以區(qū)分,從反面對(duì)公共利益概念界定作出補(bǔ)充解釋。第二部分“界定公共利益的基本原則”。首先,指出未經(jīng)法律明確規(guī)定的公共利益,即使確有必要,并且理由充分,也不應(yīng)當(dāng)自發(fā)地在法律上產(chǎn)生影響社會(huì)公眾的效果,法律法規(guī)應(yīng)對(duì)公共利益界定持以積極的態(tài)度,同時(shí)從我國(guó)存在諸多部門法的實(shí)際和提高立法效率和降低立法難度的角度出發(fā),建議從部門法角度分別對(duì)公共利益進(jìn)行明確表述；其次,嘗試從方法論的站位出發(fā),對(duì)公共利益界定中需要把握的幾個(gè)實(shí)質(zhì)原則作出一些粗淺的分析,提出受益主體普遍性、直接目的公益性、價(jià)值選擇比例性、界定程序正當(dāng)性四項(xiàng)原則。第三部分“公共利益的實(shí)現(xiàn)程序”。根據(jù)公共利益實(shí)現(xiàn)的流程,首先探討公共利益的識(shí)別程序,引入利益博弈的機(jī)制,對(duì)界定程序參加主體、各方主體的權(quán)利義務(wù)進(jìn)行探討；其次,在公共利益的爭(zhēng)議解決程序中,就爭(zhēng)議解決程序構(gòu)建之必要性、爭(zhēng)議解決程序的構(gòu)建模式,特別是司法機(jī)關(guān)在解決爭(zhēng)議時(shí)應(yīng)考慮的利益平衡規(guī)則進(jìn)行探討；最后,從利益補(bǔ)償角度出發(fā),補(bǔ)償程序確立之必要性、補(bǔ)償?shù)臉?biāo)準(zhǔn)和方式作了一些粗淺研究。
[Abstract]:It is of great significance to define the public interest clearly, to straighten out the legal relationship of real right, to clarify the rights and obligations of all parties and to maintain the social and economic order.There are many laws and regulations in the current legal system of our country. In the system of expropriation and expropriation, the concept of public interest is often mentioned, but because of the uncertainty of public interest, most of the legal terms of public interest are not clearly defined.Even most laws and regulations hold an evasive attitude towards the determination of public interest, and the definition of public interest and dispute settlement procedures are not involved, which makes the term public interest a vague term.In the process of implementing the specific law, the discretionary power of public interest identification is abused, and the government department or enterprise interest group, which is one of the powerful subjects, monopolizes the right of public interest interpretation in disguise, thereby plundering the private property right.How to define and apply public interest has become an urgent legal issue.Based on the current situation of legislation and practice of expropriation system in China, this paper discusses the basic principles of public interest and the realization procedure of public interest from the legal characteristics of public interest, drawing on the advanced experience of foreign legislation.To provide a useful reference for enhancing the scientific nature of legislation and the maneuverability of law implementation.The first part is the legal characteristics of public interest.First of all, the development history of the concept of public interest is briefly summarized, and the law that the development of the concept of public interest is closely related to the development of social economy is obtained, and it is pointed out that in judging and explaining the public interest, it is also necessary to suit this trend of social development.Secondly, by describing the characteristics of the public interest, to make a relatively clear judgment and definition of the public interest, to explore and explain the four characteristics of the public interest: variability, realistic interest, non-profit, non-exclusive;Finally, several concepts which are easy to be confused with public interest, including national interest, government interest, social interest, are listed respectively, and the author tries to distinguish them and make supplementary explanations to define the concept of public interest from the opposite side.The second part is the basic principle of defining public interest.First of all, it is pointed out that public interest, even if it is indeed necessary and well-founded, should not spontaneously have the effect of affecting the public in law without explicit provisions of the law, and that laws and regulations should adopt a positive attitude towards the definition of public interest,At the same time, from the point of view of the fact that there are many branches of law in our country and improving the efficiency of legislation and reducing the difficulty of legislation, it is suggested that the public interest should be clearly expressed from the angle of branch law. Secondly, this paper tries to set out from the standpoint of methodology.This paper makes a brief analysis of several essential principles in the definition of public interest, and puts forward four principles: the universality of the beneficial subject, the public welfare for the direct purpose, the proportion of the value choice, and the legitimacy of the procedure.The third part is the realization procedure of public interest.According to the process of the realization of public interest, first of all, it discusses the identification procedure of public interest, introduces the mechanism of interest game, discusses the rights and obligations of defining the participants of the procedure and the rights and obligations of the parties; secondly, in the process of resolving disputes in the public interest,This paper discusses the necessity of the construction of the dispute settlement procedure, the construction mode of the dispute settlement procedure, especially the rules of balance of interests that should be considered by the judicial organs in resolving the dispute; finally, from the angle of interest compensation,The necessity of establishing compensation procedure, the standard and method of compensation are studied briefly.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：D922.1

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條

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本文編號(hào)：1737070