本文選題：自媒體　切入點(diǎn)：法律風(fēng)險(xiǎn)　出處：《華南理工大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：自媒體在我國取得了爆發(fā)式的發(fā)展，無論是博客還是微博，都在我國擁有過億的用戶群體，并且在傳播信息、還原事件真相、形成社會(huì)輿論、監(jiān)督公權(quán)力等等方面發(fā)揮出重要的作用。 伴隨自媒體的發(fā)展，它本身存在的一些問題也變得日益明顯，如：虛假信息、低俗內(nèi)容在自媒體中傳播；網(wǎng)民忽略言論自由的權(quán)利邊界而權(quán)利濫用、網(wǎng)絡(luò)暴力時(shí)常出現(xiàn)、自媒體運(yùn)營商的商業(yè)訴求等，都在影響著自媒體的良性發(fā)展，而自媒體不能靠自身機(jī)制去解決這些問題。同時(shí)，擁有媒體把控和輿論操作傳統(tǒng)的行政力量并不會(huì)放任自媒體的問題愈演愈烈，這就加劇了自媒體被行政力量進(jìn)一步干預(yù)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。而目前我國對(duì)媒體和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的監(jiān)管和立法存在明顯的問題：立法層級(jí)較低、法律側(cè)重監(jiān)管需要而不注重公民權(quán)利的保障、行政化監(jiān)管任意性強(qiáng)而公開透明性弱等等，這些都成為了自媒體的法律風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。因此通過重視自媒體體現(xiàn)的公民的言論自由權(quán)利，對(duì)自媒體的言論自由進(jìn)行立法保護(hù)成為需要。 在防范自媒體面臨的法律風(fēng)險(xiǎn)時(shí)，還應(yīng)該意識(shí)到并強(qiáng)調(diào)，自媒體與其說是一種媒體，不如說是一種互聯(lián)網(wǎng)信息平臺(tái)，其中的信息既有公開性、媒體性、社會(huì)性的內(nèi)容，也有私密性、個(gè)人性、非媒體性的內(nèi)容。因此，不能簡單的將自媒體與已有的媒體形式納入相同的管理，因?yàn)樽悦襟w體現(xiàn)的言論自由較之已有媒體的新聞自由具有更基本、更重要的作用，也更加的不容侵犯。 要實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)自媒體的言論自由的有效保護(hù)，要拒絕用規(guī)制傳統(tǒng)媒體的手段來管理自媒體，更要從法律上確定對(duì)自媒體的保護(hù)原則。首先，從積極的方面來講，要確立人權(quán)保障原則、適當(dāng)比例原則和切實(shí)危害原則，，在明確自媒體的言論自由邊界的前提下，防止公權(quán)力以假象的危害可能性干預(yù)自媒體的言論自由。其次，從消極方面來講，要明確對(duì)于自媒體上進(jìn)行的價(jià)值判斷、情緒發(fā)泄，不得以“正確標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”“政治標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”“新聞價(jià)值標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”等作為其允許發(fā)布的前提，而公權(quán)力也不得以網(wǎng)絡(luò)過濾技術(shù)等方式限制自媒體用戶批評(píng)和討論的議題范圍。
[Abstract]:Since the media has achieved explosive development in our country, both blogs and Weibo have over 100 million user groups in our country, and they are disseminating information, restoring the truth of the incident, and forming public opinion.Supervision of public power and so on plays an important role.The commercial demands of the media operators are influencing the benign development of the self-media, and the self-media can not solve these problems by their own mechanism.At the same time, the traditional administrative forces with media control and public opinion operation will not allow the media to become more and more serious, which intensifies the risk of further intervention by the media.At present, there are obvious problems in the supervision and legislation of the media and the Internet in our country: the level of legislation is relatively low, the law focuses on the needs of supervision rather than the protection of civil rights, the administrative supervision is arbitrary and public transparency is weak, and so on.These have become the legal risk of the media.Therefore, it is necessary to protect the freedom of speech of self-media by paying attention to the right of freedom of speech embodied by self-media.In preventing the legal risks faced by the self-media, we should also realize and emphasize that the self-media is not so much a media as an Internet information platform, in which the information has the content of openness, media, and sociality.There are also private, personal, non-media content.Therefore, we can not simply bring the self-media and the existing media into the same management, because the freedom of speech embodied by the self-media has a more basic, more important role and more inviolability than the freedom of the press of the existing media.In order to realize the effective protection of the freedom of speech of the self-media, we should refuse to regulate the self-media by the means of regulating the traditional media, and determine the principle of the protection of the self-media from the legal point of view.First of all, on the positive side, it is necessary to establish the principles of human rights guarantees, the principle of proportionality and the principle of real harm, on the premise of defining the boundaries of freedom of expression from the media.Prevent public power from interfering with freedom of speech from the media with false pernicious possibilities.Secondly, from a negative point of view, it is necessary to make it clear that "correct standards", "political standards" and "news value standards" should not be used as a prerequisite for the publication of value judgments and emotions carried out by the media.Nor should public power limit the range of topics criticized and discussed by media users, such as Internet filtering technology.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華南理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：D922.16

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