本文選題：食品安全　切入點(diǎn)：消費(fèi)者保護(hù)　出處：《華東師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：民乃國(guó)之本,食乃民之根,安乃食之基。隨著我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)飛快發(fā)展,人口迅猛增長(zhǎng),物質(zhì)生活水平穩(wěn)步提升。與此同時(shí),在食品安全方面消費(fèi)者利益被侵害的事情依然不容忽視。由于食品的商品化、快捷化、科技化,農(nóng)產(chǎn)品加工業(yè)的發(fā)展,加之生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)者的逐利行為的過(guò)度,食品中含有的致害成分危及人類生命和健康的事件不絕于耳。例如,2007年的大便臭豆腐,2008年的黑心碳酸氫銨膨化劑、毒水餃,2009年的注水肉、人造豬血,2010年的藥水豆芽,2011年的毒生姜,2014年的過(guò)期肉類等。因此怎樣才能夠吃得放心和安全,成為一個(gè)被廣泛關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)并為之努力尋求答案的緊迫性難題。顯而易見(jiàn),我國(guó)食品安全正在經(jīng)受著前所未有的考驗(yàn)。在這種社會(huì)背景下,2015年我國(guó)進(jìn)一步修訂了《食品安全法》,對(duì)部分內(nèi)容進(jìn)行了修改和調(diào)整,結(jié)合國(guó)外成功經(jīng)驗(yàn)改進(jìn)了食品安全監(jiān)管理念和信息披露、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制等制度。針對(duì)近些年來(lái)我國(guó)食品消費(fèi)中出現(xiàn)的新問(wèn)題、新挑戰(zhàn),讓越來(lái)越多的消費(fèi)者能夠在食品安全事件中得到更好地救濟(jì)。但近幾年在食品安全領(lǐng)域損害消費(fèi)者的事件又接連被曝光。為更好地保護(hù)食品消費(fèi)者人身財(cái)產(chǎn)安全,本文從加強(qiáng)食品安全監(jiān)管法律的可操作性,加強(qiáng)政府職能部門執(zhí)法效能,健全食品消費(fèi)者救濟(jì)途徑,完善食品安全監(jiān)管配套機(jī)制和舉措等幾個(gè)方面進(jìn)行了探討。本文主要研究?jī)?nèi)容分為四部分:第一部分是對(duì)涉及食品安全監(jiān)管的基本概念的闡述。通過(guò)比較現(xiàn)有理論觀點(diǎn)及學(xué)者建議,對(duì)食品、食品安全、食品安全監(jiān)管的含義進(jìn)行了界定。第二部分是對(duì)我國(guó)食品安全領(lǐng)域消費(fèi)者權(quán)益保護(hù)的立法現(xiàn)狀及問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了梳理。通過(guò)對(duì)目前我國(guó)立法內(nèi)容的羅列分析,并結(jié)合現(xiàn)實(shí)情況,總結(jié)出我國(guó)食品安全監(jiān)管中消費(fèi)者權(quán)益保護(hù)方面存在的問(wèn)題主要有:食品安全法律規(guī)定操作性不強(qiáng)、政府執(zhí)法效能較低、消費(fèi)者糾紛解決機(jī)制不健全、其他配套機(jī)制和舉措有待加強(qiáng)。第三部分是對(duì)國(guó)外發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家在食品安全監(jiān)管方面先進(jìn)的實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)進(jìn)行歸納。主要通過(guò)對(duì)美國(guó)、歐盟、日本的食品安全監(jiān)管實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)進(jìn)行論述,總結(jié)出對(duì)我國(guó)具有借鑒意義的先進(jìn)理念和舉措。第四部分是針對(duì)我國(guó)食品安全監(jiān)管中存在問(wèn)題的完善建議。主要包括:加強(qiáng)食品安全監(jiān)管法律體系的銜接性和具體化、充實(shí)執(zhí)法資源、提高懲罰標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、建立食品安全公益訴訟制度、加強(qiáng)行業(yè)協(xié)會(huì)和媒體的自律和監(jiān)督作用等方面,從而彌補(bǔ)消費(fèi)者食品安全權(quán)利救濟(jì)制度的缺陷。
[Abstract]:People are the foundation of the country, food is the root of the people, and an is the foundation of the food. With the rapid economic development of our country, the population is growing rapidly, and the material standard of living is rising steadily. At the same time, The violation of consumer interests in food safety is still not to be ignored. Because of the commercialization, quickening, scientific and technological development of food, the development of the agricultural product processing industry, and the excessive profit-driven behavior of the producers and operators, Food contains harmful ingredients that threaten human life and health. For example, fecal stinky tofu in 2007, ammonium bicarbonate in 2008, toxic dumplings, waterlogged meat in 2009, Artificial pig blood, potion bean sprouts in 2010, poisonous ginger in 2011, expired meat in 2014, and so on. China's food safety is undergoing an unprecedented test. Against this social background, China further revised the Food Safety Law in 2015, revising and adjusting some of its contents. Combined with the successful experience of foreign countries, the concept of food safety supervision, information disclosure, risk control and other systems have been improved. In view of the new problems and challenges in food consumption in China in recent years, So that more and more consumers can get better relief in food safety incidents. However, in recent years, incidents that have damaged consumers in the field of food safety have been exposed one after another. In order to better protect the personal and property safety of food consumers, In this paper, we should strengthen the maneuverability of the food safety supervision law, strengthen the law enforcement efficiency of the government's functional departments, and improve the ways of food consumers' relief. The main research content of this paper is divided into four parts: the first part is to elaborate the basic concept of food safety supervision. Views and suggestions of scholars, It defines the meaning of food, food safety and food safety supervision. The second part is to sort out the current situation and problems of consumer rights and interests protection in the field of food safety in China. In combination with the actual situation, the main problems in the protection of consumers' rights and interests in food safety supervision in our country are summarized as follows: the operation of food safety law is not strong, the effectiveness of government law enforcement is low, and the mechanism of resolving consumer disputes is not perfect. Other supporting mechanisms and measures need to be strengthened. The third part summarizes the advanced practical experience of food safety supervision in developed countries abroad. Mainly through the discussion of the practical experience of food safety supervision in the United States, the European Union and Japan, The fourth part is the perfect suggestions for the problems existing in the food safety supervision in our country. It mainly includes: strengthening the convergence and concretization of the legal system of food safety supervision. Enrich the law enforcement resources, improve the punishment standard, establish the food safety public interest litigation system, strengthen the self-discipline and supervision function of the trade association and the media, so as to make up the defects of the relief system of consumer's food safety right.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D922.16

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