本文關(guān)鍵詞： 上海合作組織 國(guó)際法律 能源合作 中國(guó) 俄羅斯　出處：《重慶大學(xué)》2016年博士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：能源安全和能源政策是幾十年來(lái)一直在國(guó)家的發(fā)展政策中的關(guān)鍵問(wèn)題。能源問(wèn)題被認(rèn)為是各國(guó)社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展中至關(guān)重要的問(wèn)題。能源合作是最重要的國(guó)際關(guān)系和法律關(guān)系之一,并且能源問(wèn)題的規(guī)范性法規(guī)是確保各國(guó)在法律上獲得能源利益的原因。上海合作組織(SCO)是一個(gè)國(guó)際性的政府間區(qū)域組織,在21世紀(jì)的開(kāi)始,從那段時(shí)間獲得了重要性不僅在區(qū)域?qū)用嫔?而且還在全球范圍內(nèi)越來(lái)越重要。最初,它被建立作為一個(gè)組織及其成員國(guó)中國(guó)、俄羅斯、哈薩克斯坦、烏茲別克斯坦、吉爾吉斯斯坦和塔吉克斯坦的區(qū)域穩(wěn)定與安全。然而,在創(chuàng)建之后其活動(dòng)范圍很快就擴(kuò)大到其他領(lǐng)域,如貿(mào)易、經(jīng)濟(jì)和能源等。各成員國(guó)在安全事項(xiàng)合作除了考慮作為平臺(tái)的富有成效的合作,在經(jīng)濟(jì)事務(wù)中,包括能源組織。上合組織官方和非官方機(jī)構(gòu)已參與討論、談判和關(guān)于能源領(lǐng)域的合作。作為世界上最大的能源出口之一的俄羅斯一直在促進(jìn)本組織框架內(nèi)的加強(qiáng)能源合作。作為世界上最大的能源進(jìn)口國(guó),中國(guó)有興趣保護(hù)和使其能源供應(yīng)多樣化。另一大能源進(jìn)口國(guó),印度將在2016年加入該組織。伊朗,能源出口國(guó),擁有觀察員地位和西方制裁解除后有真正的機(jī)會(huì)在將來(lái)成為正式成員。因此,上海合作組織能源合作具有很大的潛力。然而,除了潛力組織需要法律和規(guī)范基礎(chǔ)和相關(guān)的機(jī)構(gòu)為各成員國(guó)必須能夠有效地實(shí)現(xiàn)在能源領(lǐng)域的雙邊和多邊項(xiàng)目,各成員國(guó)已經(jīng)進(jìn)行嘗試組織和調(diào)節(jié)其能源合作在上合組織上合組織能源俱樂(lè)部的建立等。到目前為止,這些努力又無(wú)法滿(mǎn)足建立本組織能源合作的有效機(jī)制。本文分析上合組織在能源領(lǐng)域的法律問(wèn)題,規(guī)范和法律的行為,通過(guò)本組織和其成員在能源領(lǐng)域,使試圖找到解決方案,以制定將允許他們實(shí)現(xiàn)互惠互利,調(diào)節(jié)能源合作,甚至創(chuàng)造能源自給空間的上合組織各國(guó)的能源合作機(jī)制。論文第一章是導(dǎo)論其成員之間的上合組織和能源合作。它介紹了上海合組織建立、主要目標(biāo)和結(jié)構(gòu)的發(fā)展史。它分析了如其地理上的接近,中國(guó)有意多元化能源供應(yīng),俄羅斯能源內(nèi)促進(jìn)合作上合組織成員國(guó)之間的能源合作的先決條件。它在整體領(lǐng)土、人口、GDP和會(huì)發(fā)生當(dāng)印度和巴基斯坦將加入該組織,如果伊朗和蒙古加入它的主要能量特性顯示所做的更改。這一章指出了文章和提及的經(jīng)濟(jì)和能源合作中,主要的上海合作組織杜尚別聲明、葉卡特琳堡宣言、上合組織發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略直到2025年等各類(lèi)文件。第二部分涉及形式的合作和在能源領(lǐng)域的合作。為了理解上合組織成員之間的能源合作的發(fā)展,有必要研究和審查法律和規(guī)范基礎(chǔ)能源政策的每個(gè)成員國(guó)家,特別是組織中國(guó)和俄羅斯的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人。本章分析了中國(guó)和俄羅斯、中國(guó)和中亞地區(qū),中國(guó)和俄羅斯的能源政策在世界和上合組織地區(qū)的法律依據(jù)雙邊關(guān)系特別是中國(guó)能源發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略行動(dòng)計(jì)劃2014年-2020年和俄羅斯能源戰(zhàn)略直到2030年等。它還涉及能源政策的中亞國(guó)家和它們與中國(guó)和俄羅斯合作的法律依據(jù)。此外,這一章回顧上合組織內(nèi)的多邊能源合作,例如上合組織能源俱樂(lè)部,俄羅斯,提出和建立上合組織以促進(jìn)能源合作區(qū);哈薩克斯坦提出了和亞洲的能源戰(zhàn)略。這部分集中在上海合作組織國(guó)家不得不面對(duì)帶頭組織,地緣政治斗爭(zhēng),擴(kuò)大中國(guó)和俄羅斯的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)等問(wèn)題的政治和經(jīng)濟(jì)挑戰(zhàn)和一些內(nèi)部的挑戰(zhàn)。第三章提出了比較上海合作組織和歐亞經(jīng)濟(jì)共同體(EEU)的能源合作。EEU已經(jīng)比上合組織在創(chuàng)造一個(gè)共同的能量空間,為其成員,包括法律體制支持等法院的歐亞經(jīng)濟(jì)聯(lián)盟的能源合作提供法律依據(jù)更成功。因?yàn)檫@兩個(gè)組織的成員組合是相似的,中國(guó)是在上合組織成員國(guó)中唯一的非EEU,上海合組織成員國(guó)可以在能源事務(wù)中使用EEU經(jīng)驗(yàn)。第四部分有關(guān)的決策程序和在上海合作組織等協(xié)商和談判解決爭(zhēng)端機(jī)制、執(zhí)法機(jī)制。它還涉及能源領(lǐng)域爭(zhēng)端解決。由于上合組織在能源領(lǐng)域沒(méi)有任何機(jī)制具有法律約束力的權(quán)力來(lái)解決糾紛,它可以使用備俄羅斯給能源憲章條約準(zhǔn)備的建議和在能源法律豐富的經(jīng)驗(yàn),在上海合作組織的規(guī)管架構(gòu)中實(shí)現(xiàn)的建議。這部分集中在上海合作組織國(guó)家不得不面對(duì)帶頭組織,地緣政治斗爭(zhēng),擴(kuò)大中國(guó)和俄羅斯的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)等問(wèn)題的政治和經(jīng)濟(jì)挑戰(zhàn)和一些內(nèi)部的挑戰(zhàn)。
[Abstract]:Energy security and energy policy for decades in the development of national policy in the key problem. The energy problem is considered crucial to social and economic development in various countries. Energy cooperation is one of the most important international relations and legal relations, and the energy problem of normative rules is to ensure that countries gain energy interests in law. The Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) is an international intergovernmental regional organization, at the beginning of twenty-first Century, the importance of not only at the regional level obtained from that period of time, but also worldwide more and more important. At first, it was established as an organization and its member states Chinese, Russia, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan regional stability and security, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan. However, after the creation in the scope of their activities soon expanded into other areas, such as trade, The economy and energy. Each member in the cooperation on security matters in addition to consider as the platform for the fruitful cooperation in economic affairs, including energy organization. The SCO official and non official institutions have been involved in the discussion, and negotiations on cooperation in the energy field. As the world's largest energy exports of Russia has been strengthening energy cooperation within the SCO framework. As the world's largest energy importer, Chinese interested in protection and the diversification of energy supply. Another major energy importer, India in 2016 to join the organization. Iran, energy exporter, has observer status after the lifting of Western sanctions and have a real chance to become a full member in the future. Therefore, the energy cooperation of Shanghai cooperation organization has great potential. However, in addition to potential organizations need legal and regulatory basis and related agencies for members Must be able to effectively in the energy field of bilateral and multilateral projects, has been trying to organize and regulate the energy cooperation in the SCO SCO energy club established member countries. So far, these efforts can not meet and establish effective mechanism for cooperation of the organization of energy. This paper analysis on the legal issues of the SCO in energy in the field of legal norms and behavior, through the organization and its members in the field of energy, so try to find solutions to develop will allow them to achieve mutual benefit, adjusting energy cooperation, energy cooperation and create energy self-sufficiency space of the SCO countries. The first chapter is the introduction of energy cooperation in the SCO and between the members of the Shanghai cooperation organization. It introduces the establishment, the history of the development of the main objectives and structure. It analyzes its close geographical, China to multiple Energy supply, a prerequisite for promoting energy cooperation cooperation among SCO member states in Russia's energy. Its population in the whole territory, GDP, and occurs when India and Pakistan will join the organization, if Iran and Mongolia join the main energy characteristics that shows the changes. This chapter points out the article and mentioned the economic and energy cooperation, mainly of the Shanghai cooperation organization Dushanbe declaration, Yekaterinburg declaration, the SCO development strategy until 2025 documents. The second part deals with the form of cooperation and cooperation in the field of energy. In order to understand the SCO energy cooperation development, it is necessary to study and review legal and specification based energy policy of each member country, especially Chinese and Russian leaders. This chapter analyzes the China and Chinese Russia and Central Asia, Chinese And Russia's energy policy in the world and the SCO regional legal basis for bilateral relations in particular Chinese energy development strategy action plan 2014 -2020 and Russia's energy strategy until 2030. It also relates to the energy policy of the Central Asian countries and their cooperation with Russia and China legal basis. In addition, this chapter reviews the multilateral energy cooperation within the organization, such as the SCO energy club, Russia, proposed to promote the SCO energy cooperation zone; Kazakhstan proposed and Asian energy strategy. This part focuses on the Shanghai Cooperation Organization countries have to face the lead organization, geopolitical struggle, expanding China and Russian competition and some political and economic challenges internal challenges. The third chapter presents a comparison of the Shanghai cooperation organization and the Eurasian Economic Community (EEU) energy cooperation.EE U is the SCO in the creation of a common energy space for its members, the Eurasian Economic Union energy cooperation including the legal system support the court to provide a legal basis for the more successful. Because the two members of the combination is similar, Chinese is in the only non EEU member states of the SCO, the Shanghai cooperation organization members can use the EEU experience in the energy affairs. The dispute settlement mechanism, the fourth part of the decision-making process and in the Shanghai cooperation organization and other consultations and negotiations to resolve the law enforcement mechanism. It also relates to the field of energy dispute settlement. Because of the SCO in the field of energy without any mechanism of legally binding power to resolve the dispute, it can be used by Russia for the Energy Charter Treaty for advice and rich experience in the energy law, in the framework of implementation of recommendations at the Shanghai cooperation organization and regulation. This part concentrates on The maritime cooperation countries have to face the political and economic challenges and some internal challenges of the leading organizations, geopolitical struggles and the expansion of competition between China and Russia.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D922.67
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本文編號(hào)：1473792