本文關(guān)鍵詞： 生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè) 法律制度 立法　出處：《山西財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：黨在十八大上提出要大力推進(jìn)生態(tài)文明建設(shè)，生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè)的發(fā)展建設(shè)就是其中重要的一部分。自20世紀(jì)80年代我國提出“生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè)”至今，已經(jīng)初步取得了一些成績。但是現(xiàn)階段我國生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè)的發(fā)展面臨著諸多制約因素，其中法律制度的不健全是最大障礙。因此構(gòu)建科學(xué)合理的法律體系和完善相關(guān)法律制度，將為我國生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展提供有效的保障，同時(shí)也對促進(jìn)生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè)持續(xù)發(fā)展具有重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。 為了更好地促進(jìn)生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè)立法工作，本文先從概念分析入手，對生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè)概念及特征進(jìn)行明確界定，并就生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè)的理論發(fā)展基礎(chǔ)進(jìn)行闡述。同時(shí)分析了發(fā)展生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè)在我國的意義。根據(jù)我國法律制度的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀，存在立法體系不全面，沒有專門的法律法規(guī)和配套的制度、政策；執(zhí)法不嚴(yán)，政府監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)不明確；法律監(jiān)督不到位，致使參與者怠于履行職責(zé)。轉(zhuǎn)而利用比較分析法，對美國、日本、德國三國的生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè)法律制度發(fā)展做了典型分析，，進(jìn)而提出了完善我國生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè)法律制度的建議。在立法層面，首先要確立生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè)在《憲法》中的地位，其次應(yīng)建立一部具有指導(dǎo)性的《生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè)促進(jìn)法》，再次要完善現(xiàn)存的相關(guān)法律制度，最后加強(qiáng)地方立法及配套的單行立法，從而形成一套完整的法律保護(hù)體系。在立法的統(tǒng)一指導(dǎo)下，政府需要完善行政管理體制及執(zhí)法制度、制定嚴(yán)格的執(zhí)法程序、建立政府考核制度，以此增強(qiáng)各級政府發(fā)展生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè)的決心和動力。同時(shí)著重從權(quán)力機(jī)關(guān)、公民與社會組織兩大監(jiān)督主體來加強(qiáng)對政府行為的監(jiān)督，督促政府責(zé)任的積極履行和實(shí)現(xiàn)。在完善相關(guān)法律制度方面，制定綜合評價(jià)制度、技術(shù)規(guī)程和認(rèn)證及激勵制度，進(jìn)一步推進(jìn)科學(xué)技術(shù)的研究和技術(shù)推廣體系的完善，并通過教育培訓(xùn)為實(shí)際操作提供后備力量。 總之，法律在調(diào)整生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè)方面有著自己的優(yōu)勢和作用。只有在立法層面取得重大進(jìn)展，相關(guān)保障制度完成構(gòu)建，權(quán)責(zé)統(tǒng)一明確、利益各方實(shí)現(xiàn)積極參與，生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè)才能逐步深入全社會發(fā)展，彰顯良好的經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會、生態(tài)效益。
[Abstract]:The development and construction of ecological agriculture is an important part of the Party's proposal to promote the construction of ecological civilization at the 18 National Congress. Since 1980s, China has put forward "ecological agriculture". Although some achievements have been made, the development of ecological agriculture in our country is facing many restrictive factors. Therefore, the construction of a scientific and reasonable legal system and the improvement of relevant legal systems will provide effective protection for the development of ecological agriculture in China. At the same time, it has important practical significance to promote the sustainable development of ecological agriculture. In order to better promote the work of eco-agriculture legislation, this paper begins with the concept analysis, and clearly defines the concept and characteristics of eco-agriculture. At the same time, it analyzes the significance of the development of ecological agriculture in China. According to the development of our legal system, there is a legislative system is not comprehensive. There are no special laws and regulations and supporting systems and policies; Lax enforcement of the law and unclear government regulatory bodies; Legal supervision is not in place, causing participants to perform their duties. In turn, the comparative analysis of the United States, Japan, Germany in the development of ecological agricultural legal system has made a typical analysis. At the legislative level, we should first establish the status of ecological agriculture in the Constitution, and then establish a guiding "Ecological Agriculture Promotion Law". Third, we should improve the existing relevant legal system, and finally strengthen the local legislation and supporting separate legislation, so as to form a complete legal protection system. Under the guidance of the legislation. The government needs to improve the administrative management system and law enforcement system, formulate strict law enforcement procedures, establish a government assessment system, so as to strengthen the determination and motivation of governments at all levels to develop ecological agriculture. Citizens and social organizations to strengthen the two main supervisory bodies to strengthen the supervision of government behavior, urge the positive implementation and realization of government responsibilities. In the improvement of the relevant legal system, the establishment of a comprehensive evaluation system. Technical regulations and certification and incentive systems to further promote scientific and technological research and technology promotion system, and through education and training to provide backup force for practical operations. In short, the law has its own advantages and functions in adjusting ecological agriculture. Only in the legislative level has made significant progress, the relevant security system has completed the construction, the unity of power and responsibility is clear, and all parties involved in the realization of active participation. Ecological agriculture can gradually deepen the development of the whole society, showing good economic, social and ecological benefits.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D922.4

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