【摘要】：我國1979年刑法典即規(guī)定有拒不執(zhí)行判決、裁定罪,這對于在司法實踐中維護(hù)人民法院的正常工作秩序和國家司法權(quán)的權(quán)威性和嚴(yán)肅性,起到了不可忽視的作用。1997年刑法典對于拒不執(zhí)行判決、裁定罪進(jìn)行了合理化修改,使其更具有可操作性。然而隨著客觀實際情況的不斷變化,法律的滯后性問題越來越突出,原有的刑法規(guī)范在適用過程中存在的問題也越加突出。2015年全國人大常委會通過的《中華人民共和國刑法修正案(九)》(以下簡稱《刑法修正案(九)》)提高了拒不執(zhí)行判決、裁定罪法定刑的幅度,并將單位納入犯罪主體,適應(yīng)了社會變遷和法律規(guī)范協(xié)調(diào)統(tǒng)一的需要�！缎谭ㄐ拚�(九)》對拒不執(zhí)行判決、裁定罪的范圍做了全面擴(kuò)張。對原有刑法典的修改以及《刑法修正案(九)》的出臺雖然在一定程度上緩解了法律的滯后性問題,對解決當(dāng)下社會所面臨的新情況具有巨大裨益,但限于拒不執(zhí)行判決、裁定罪以往的定型化觀念以及其法條所規(guī)定內(nèi)容的抽象性和籠統(tǒng)性,致使本罪在處理社會問題時仍會面臨新的問題。比如從執(zhí)行狀況來看,拒不執(zhí)行判決、裁定罪絕大多數(shù)適用于拒不執(zhí)行民事裁判的情況,拒不執(zhí)行刑事附帶民事裁判以及罰金刑的情況雖然嚴(yán)重,但極少適用拒不執(zhí)行判決、裁定罪定罪處罰。即使《刑法修正案(九)》升高了拒不執(zhí)行判決、裁定罪的法定刑,但仍然量刑畸輕,與其他罪名不相協(xié)調(diào)。本文也正是在這些問題存在的基礎(chǔ)上,針對當(dāng)下“執(zhí)行難”的社會問題著重分析拒不執(zhí)行判決、裁定罪在適用過程中存在的問題,并對如何解決這些問題提出了完善措施。全文共分為五章:第一章是緒論。主要介紹了本文的選題背景、選題意義、國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀、寫作思路及方法和本文的創(chuàng)新點。第二章是拒不執(zhí)行判決、裁定罪的概述。該章節(jié)主要論述拒不執(zhí)行判決、裁定罪在我國的歷史淵源及發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀,并簡要分析了其構(gòu)成要件方面的問題,為下文中關(guān)于該罪的認(rèn)定及完善提供理論支撐。第三章是關(guān)于拒不執(zhí)行判決、裁定罪在認(rèn)定方面的問題。該章節(jié)分析了拒不執(zhí)行判決、裁定罪中罪與非罪、此罪與彼罪以及與他罪的競合方面的問題。第四章重點分析了拒不執(zhí)行判決、裁定罪在司法認(rèn)定和適用過程中面臨的問題。主要有“禁止重復(fù)評價”原則的適用問題、拒不執(zhí)行判決、裁定罪在追訴程序中存在的問題、法律適用問題以及其他適用障礙。第五章是針對上述問題提出的完善措施。具體包括將拒不執(zhí)行刑事、行政裁判的情況從拒不執(zhí)行判決、裁定罪中分離出去,將拒不執(zhí)行判決、裁定罪改造為“拒不執(zhí)行民事裁判罪”,提高法定刑;同時通過罰金刑易科、恢復(fù)性司法等制度彌補(bǔ)刑事裁判執(zhí)行難之困局。
[Abstract]:The Criminal Code of 1979 stipulates that there is a crime of refusing to execute a judgment or ruling a crime, which is of authority and seriousness to the maintenance of the normal working order of the people's court and the judicial power of the state in judicial practice. The Criminal Code of 1997, for refusing to carry out the judgment, ordered the crime to carry out the rationalization modification, making it more operable. However, with the continuous changes of the objective reality, the problem of lag of law becomes more and more prominent. The problems existing in the application of the original criminal law norms are more and more prominent. Proposed amendments to the Criminal Law of the people's Republic of China (9) adopted by the standing Committee of the National people's Congress in 2015 (hereinafter referred to as "Amendment (9) of the Criminal Law") Gao refused to carry out the sentence, The range of the statutory punishment of the crime is ruled, and the unit is brought into the subject of the crime, which meets the need of the harmony and unification of the social changes and the legal norms. < Criminal Law Amendment (9) > has made a comprehensive expansion of the scope of the crime of refusing to carry out the judgment and ruling on the crime. The revision of the original Criminal Code and the introduction of the Criminal Law Amendment (9) to some extent alleviated the lag problem of the law, which is of great benefit to solving the new situation facing the society, but it is limited to refusing to carry out the judgment. The former stereotyped concept of the conviction and the abstract and general nature of the contents stipulated in the law make this crime still face new problems in dealing with social problems. For example, from the point of view of the state of execution, the refusal to execute the sentence, the ruling of the crime is mostly applicable to the situation of refusing to execute the civil judgment, the refusal to enforce the civil judgment incidental to the criminal case and the situation of the fine, although serious, but rarely applicable to the refusal to carry out the sentence. Award punishment for a crime. Even though the Criminal Law Amendment (9) increases the legal penalty of refusing to execute the sentence and ruling the crime, the sentence is still abnormally light and inconsistent with other charges. On the basis of these problems, this paper focuses on the social problems of refusing to execute the judgment and ruling the crime in the course of application, and puts forward some perfect measures on how to solve these problems. The full text is divided into five chapters: the first chapter is an introduction. This paper mainly introduces the background, significance, domestic and international research status, writing ideas and methods and the innovation of this paper. The second chapter is the summary of refusing to execute the judgment and ruling the crime. This chapter mainly discusses the historical origin and development status of the crime of refusing to execute the judgment, and briefly analyzes the problems in its constituent elements, which provides theoretical support for the determination and perfection of the crime below. The third chapter is about the refusal to execute the judgment and the determination of the crime. This chapter analyzes the problems of refusing to execute the sentence, deciding the crime and the non-crime, this crime and the other crime competing with the other crime. Chapter four focuses on the problems of refusing to execute the judgment and ruling the crime in the course of judicial cognizance and application. There are mainly problems in the application of the principle of "prohibition against repeated evaluation", refusal to carry out judgment, problems existing in the prosecution procedure, problems in the application of law and other obstacles to the application of the law. The fifth chapter is the improvement measures for the above problems. Specific include refusing to carry out criminal, administrative judgment from refusing to execute the judgment, ruling out the crime of separation, will refuse to execute the sentence, ruling the crime to "refuse to carry out the civil adjudication crime", improve the legal penalty; At the same time through the fine penalty Yi Ke, restorative justice and other systems to make up for the implementation of criminal justice difficult situation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D924.3

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