【摘要】：網(wǎng)絡(luò)誹謗伴生在網(wǎng)絡(luò)這一現(xiàn)代化信息載體上,通過幕后的操控,正以風(fēng)起云涌之勢,在現(xiàn)代信息社會快速擴散開來,對受害人名譽權(quán)造成了傷害,對整個社會的正常秩序造成了破壞�；诖�,本文結(jié)合《最高人民法院、最高人民檢察院關(guān)于辦理利用信息網(wǎng)絡(luò)實施誹謗等刑事案件適用法律若干問題的解釋》(以下簡稱《解釋》)的相關(guān)規(guī)定,一方面表明網(wǎng)絡(luò)誹謗需要從刑法角度來規(guī)范,應(yīng)該嚴(yán)格遵循誹謗罪的構(gòu)成要件,該解釋對網(wǎng)絡(luò)誹謗行為進行了界定,并且明確了網(wǎng)絡(luò)誹謗“情節(jié)嚴(yán)重”以及“嚴(yán)重危害社會秩序和國家利益”的具體情形。另一方面在司法適用中仍存在網(wǎng)絡(luò)誹謗與表達(dá)自由之間界限的不清晰、網(wǎng)絡(luò)水軍行為是否適用傳統(tǒng)的共犯理論,以及對于惡意轉(zhuǎn)載情節(jié)惡劣等相關(guān)問題的規(guī)定,仍值得進一步探討。本文圍繞網(wǎng)絡(luò)誹謗在司法解釋中存在的問題展開論述,共分為緒論和正文兩部分,正文部分包括了三個章節(jié)。緒論主要研究了網(wǎng)絡(luò)誹謗的國內(nèi)外現(xiàn)狀研究。運用比較分析的方法,列舉兩大法系代表型國家關(guān)于網(wǎng)絡(luò)誹謗的法制狀況,以此借鑒其治理經(jīng)驗,結(jié)合本文關(guān)于網(wǎng)絡(luò)誹謗刑事法律適用的幾點問題,研究提出適合我國的網(wǎng)絡(luò)誹謗治理模式。第一章主要探討了網(wǎng)絡(luò)空間中的誹謗行為的概念及特征。第一節(jié)首先對網(wǎng)絡(luò)誹謗概念、特征做以定義分析,繼而對網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)的發(fā)展對誹謗的負(fù)面效應(yīng)進行了宏觀描述。在此基礎(chǔ)上,第二節(jié)通過將網(wǎng)絡(luò)誹謗與網(wǎng)絡(luò)謠言、名譽等比較分析,旨在明確界定刑事法律保護的內(nèi)容及客體。第二章可以說是本文的核心,本章結(jié)合《解釋》的最新規(guī)定,從網(wǎng)絡(luò)誹謗犯罪構(gòu)成的角度出發(fā),對于網(wǎng)絡(luò)誹謗的認(rèn)定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進行了詳盡的論述,詳細(xì)探討了網(wǎng)絡(luò)誹謗當(dāng)前存在的刑事法律爭議的問題。第一節(jié)網(wǎng)絡(luò)誹謗行為的入罪化問題。在主體方面,肯定了網(wǎng)絡(luò)信息傳播者、管理者和網(wǎng)絡(luò)新聞媒體的誹謗罪主體地位。在主觀方面,對于間接故意能否構(gòu)成網(wǎng)絡(luò)誹謗進行了討論,并對傳播者間接故意的認(rèn)定深入闡述。在客觀方面,關(guān)于網(wǎng)絡(luò)誹謗的行為方式上,細(xì)化了“捏造或篡改事實并進行散布”的具體認(rèn)定標(biāo)準(zhǔn);關(guān)于“情節(jié)嚴(yán)重”的認(rèn)定上,本章結(jié)合《解釋》的具體規(guī)定,對于網(wǎng)絡(luò)誹謗“情節(jié)嚴(yán)重”的數(shù)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、危害后果標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和主觀惡性標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進行了界定。在客體方面,本章明確了應(yīng)當(dāng)如何理解網(wǎng)絡(luò)誹謗侵害的他人名譽權(quán)。第二節(jié)網(wǎng)絡(luò)誹謗共犯問題研究。第三章針對存在的問題提出相關(guān)的完善建議。第一節(jié)網(wǎng)絡(luò)誹謗行為的定罪模式及原則,第二節(jié)確定表達(dá)自由與網(wǎng)絡(luò)誹謗的原則,第三節(jié)堅持民法、行政法規(guī)范為主,刑法輔助規(guī)范的治理原則
[Abstract]:The network libel is accompanied by the network, a modern information carrier. Through the behind-the-scenes manipulation, it is spreading rapidly in the modern information society, causing harm to the victims' right of reputation. It has caused damage to the normal order of the whole society. Based on this, this paper combines the relevant provisions of the interpretation of the Supreme people's Court and the Supreme people's Procuratorate on the application of the law in criminal cases such as libel through the use of information networks (hereinafter referred to as "interpretation"). On the one hand, it shows that network libel needs to be regulated from the angle of criminal law and should strictly follow the constitutive elements of libel. It also clarifies the specific circumstances of "serious circumstances" and "serious harm to social order and national interests". On the other hand, in the judicial application, there is still a lack of clear boundary between Internet libel and freedom of expression, whether traditional accomplice theory is applicable to the acts of the cyber navy, as well as the provisions on malicious reprinting and other related issues, such as bad circumstances, etc. It is still worth further discussion. This paper discusses the problems existing in the judicial interpretation of Internet libel, which is divided into two parts: the introduction and the text. The text includes three chapters. The introduction mainly studies the current situation of online libel at home and abroad. By using the method of comparative analysis, this paper enumerates the legal status of network libel in the representative countries of two legal systems, so as to draw lessons from its governance experience, and combine with some problems in the application of criminal law of network libel in this paper. This paper puts forward the model of network libel governance suitable for our country. The first chapter mainly discusses the concept and characteristics of libel in cyberspace. In the first section, the concept and characteristics of network libel are defined and analyzed, and then the negative effects of the development of network technology on libel are described macroscopically. On this basis, the second section through the network libel and network rumors, reputation and other comparative analysis, the purpose is to clearly define the content and object of criminal law protection. The second chapter can be said to be the core of this paper, this chapter combined with the latest provisions of "explanation", from the perspective of the composition of the crime of libel on the Internet, the identification of the standard of network libel is discussed in detail. This paper discusses in detail the current criminal legal disputes of Internet libel. The first section is about the criminalization of internet libel. In the aspect of subject, it affirms the status of internet information disseminator, manager and network news media as the subject of libel. In the subjective aspect, the author discusses whether indirect intention can constitute network libel, and expounds the confirmation of indirect intention of communicator. In the objective aspect, regarding the behavior way of the network libel, has refined "fabricates or tampers the fact and carries on the dissemination" the concrete confirmation standard; With regard to the determination of "serious circumstances", this chapter defines the quantitative standards, harmful consequences criteria and subjective malignant criteria of "serious circumstances" of Internet libel combined with the specific provisions of "explanation". In the aspect of object, this chapter clarifies how to understand the right of reputation of others infringed by internet libel. The second section studies the problem of Internet libel accomplice. The third chapter puts forward some suggestions to improve the existing problems. The first section is the conviction mode and principle of online libel, the second section determines the principle of freedom of expression and the principle of online libel, the third section adheres to the principles of civil law, administrative law and supplementary criminal law.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D924.34

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