【摘要】：腐敗現(xiàn)象一直成為世界各國(guó)普遍關(guān)注的重點(diǎn)問(wèn)題,它不僅嚴(yán)重影響社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展而且對(duì)社會(huì)穩(wěn)定造成極大破壞。目前,我國(guó)還處于社會(huì)主義發(fā)展階段,法律尚未健全,各種制度還不夠完善等種種原因?qū)е赂瘮?wèn)題已經(jīng)成為當(dāng)今中國(guó)民眾最痛恨的社會(huì)現(xiàn)象之一。受賄犯罪屬于各種腐敗犯罪中危害性最大的犯罪,對(duì)國(guó)家工作人員廉潔性造成極大的侵犯,也降低了政府在民眾心中的權(quán)威及公信力,給社會(huì)公共利益帶來(lái)巨大的損失。雖然,我國(guó)正在通過(guò)各種手段加大懲治腐敗現(xiàn)象的力度,但是,由于受賄罪主體在我國(guó)現(xiàn)行立法上界定范圍不夠明確,存在很多爭(zhēng)議,直接影響司法實(shí)踐中對(duì)受賄罪的打擊范圍和力度。2009年通過(guò)的《刑法修正案(七)》中增加了利用影響力受賄罪的內(nèi)容,進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大受賄罪的主體范圍,對(duì)懲治我國(guó)腐敗現(xiàn)象有一定積極的作用。本文將對(duì)受賄罪的主體界定中存在的爭(zhēng)議問(wèn)題進(jìn)行分析并提出自己的觀點(diǎn)。 第一部分通過(guò)梳理我國(guó)關(guān)于受賄罪主體的相關(guān)規(guī)定,縱向?qū)Ρ确治?研究“受賄罪主體”的法律概念,主要從“國(guó)家工作人員”、“準(zhǔn)國(guó)家工作人員”、“從事公務(wù)”以及“依據(jù)法律”的概念分別進(jìn)行分析,從而得出從事公務(wù)是國(guó)家工作人員的本質(zhì)特征,依照法律中“法律”的基本范圍。 第二部分通過(guò)對(duì)我國(guó)關(guān)于受賄罪主體認(rèn)定存在的問(wèn)題,針對(duì)學(xué)術(shù)界存在較大爭(zhēng)議的幾類(lèi)受賄罪主體一一進(jìn)行分析,例如,假?lài)?guó)家工作人員、醫(yī)務(wù)人員、新聞工作者、人大代表。隨著2009年《刑法修正案(七)》的出臺(tái),對(duì)受賄罪主體方面做了一定程度的完善,但仍存在不足之處,需要進(jìn)一步的完善和修改。 第三部分通過(guò)對(duì)國(guó)外代表性國(guó)家關(guān)于受賄罪主體的立法進(jìn)行梳理和分析,系統(tǒng)研究國(guó)外對(duì)于受賄罪的立法文本,結(jié)合我國(guó)特殊國(guó)情,為我國(guó)受賄罪主體界定提供參考與借鑒。 第四部分通過(guò)對(duì)受賄罪主體界定中存在的問(wèn)題進(jìn)行分析,借鑒國(guó)外相關(guān)立法和司法實(shí)踐,總結(jié)歸納有益經(jīng)驗(yàn)。因此,本文試圖從完善受賄罪主體界定的若干建議入手,完善我國(guó)受賄罪主體認(rèn)定的相關(guān)問(wèn)題。
[Abstract]:Corruption has always been the focus of attention all over the world. It not only seriously affects the development of social economy but also destroys social stability. At present, our country is still in the stage of socialist development, the law is not perfect, various systems are not perfect and so on, so corruption has become one of the most hated social phenomena in China. The crime of bribery belongs to the most harmful crime among all kinds of corruption crimes, which causes great infringement on the integrity of state functionaries, reduces the authority and credibility of the government in the hearts of the public, and brings huge losses to the public interest. Although our country is increasing the punishment of corruption through various means, however, due to the lack of clear definition of the subject of bribery crime in our current legislation, there are many disputes. It has a direct impact on the scope and intensity of cracking down on bribery in judicial practice. In the Criminal Law Amendment (7) adopted in 2009, the content of the crime of taking bribes with influence has been added, and the scope of the subject of the crime of accepting bribes has been further expanded. It has a positive effect on punishing corruption in our country. This paper analyzes the controversial issues in the definition of the subject of bribery and puts forward its own views. The first part studies the legal concept of "the subject of bribery crime" by combing the relevant provisions about the subject of bribery crime in our country, and through longitudinal comparative analysis, mainly from "state functionary", "quasi-state functionary", The concepts of "engaging in public service" and "according to the law" are analyzed separately, and it is concluded that public service is the essential characteristic of state functionaries, according to the basic scope of "law" in the law. The second part analyzes the problems existing in the identification of the subject of bribery crime in our country, aiming at several types of subject of bribery crime, such as false state staff, medical personnel, journalists, deputies to the National people's Congress, which are controversial in academic circles one by one. With the introduction of the Criminal Law Amendment (7) in 2009, the subject of the crime of accepting bribes has been improved to a certain extent, but there are still some deficiencies, which need to be further improved and modified. The third part through combing and analyzing the legislation of foreign representative countries on the subject of bribery crime systematically studies the legislative text of foreign countries on bribery crime and combines the special situation of our country to provide reference and reference for the definition of subject of bribery crime in our country. The fourth part analyzes the problems existing in the definition of the subject of bribery crime, draws lessons from relevant foreign legislation and judicial practice, and sums up useful experience. Therefore, this paper tries to perfect some suggestions on the definition of the subject of bribery crime, and perfect the related problems of the subject identification of bribery crime in our country.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D924.392

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