【摘要】：“非法占有目的”是認(rèn)定合同詐騙案件中行為人是否構(gòu)成合同詐騙罪的重要構(gòu)成要件之一,但是,我國現(xiàn)行的法律并沒有明確規(guī)定合同詐騙罪“非法占有目的”的具體內(nèi)涵,理論界和司法實務(wù)界對“非法占有目的”內(nèi)涵的理解持不同的觀點,此外,學(xué)界很少具體研究和討論合同詐騙罪語境下的“非法占有目的”,所以,本文重點探究以下問題:一是對合同詐騙罪“非法占有目的”具體內(nèi)涵的理解。在現(xiàn)有關(guān)于“非法占有目的”內(nèi)涵的學(xué)說指導(dǎo)下,立足于合同詐騙罪本身所具有的特征來界定其具體內(nèi)涵;二是合同詐騙罪“非法占有目的”的具體認(rèn)定。建議運用刑事推定方法,遵循推定的基本規(guī)則,按照正確的認(rèn)定步驟和順序分析主觀目的的基礎(chǔ)事實要素,準(zhǔn)確認(rèn)定合同詐騙案件中行為人“非法占有目的”的有無。明確合同詐騙罪“非法占有目的”的具體內(nèi)涵,解決“非法占有目的”司法認(rèn)定中的問題,對合同詐騙案件的正確處理具有重要的指導(dǎo)意義。本文主要分為五個部分:第一部分是問題的提出。在當(dāng)前合同詐騙案件中,證明案件中行為人主觀上是否具有“非法占有目的”所面臨的現(xiàn)實困境,包括具體內(nèi)涵界定問題,當(dāng)前學(xué)界對其內(nèi)涵的理解不統(tǒng)一,對規(guī)定在個罪中的“非法占有目的”具體內(nèi)涵更是少有研究,由此帶來的是司法實踐中“非法占有目的”的具體認(rèn)定的困境,對存在的問題進(jìn)行梳理,說明此文研究的意義和目的所在。第二部分是對合同詐騙罪“非法占有目的”具體內(nèi)涵的探析和界定。首先通過比較研究法,梳理和評析國內(nèi)外刑法對“非法占有目的”的理解,對存在的爭議與問題,筆者總結(jié)為兩個核心問題:時間上,“占有”是否局限于永久性?具體到合同詐騙罪,實踐中“騙用”型合同詐騙行為的歸罪問題,行為定性頗具爭議;權(quán)能上,“非法占有目的”是僅限于單純的控制支配,還是包括利用處分抑或獲利的內(nèi)容?合同詐騙罪“非法占有目的”的內(nèi)涵,在借鑒當(dāng)前關(guān)于“非法占有目的”各種學(xué)說觀點前提下,更要結(jié)合合同詐騙罪侵犯的客體特征、合同交易本身所具有的特點以及合同交易的客觀實際來予以具體界定,作為行為人的一種主觀意圖,應(yīng)該體現(xiàn)出行為人的心理態(tài)度,可以理解為:行為人希望無對價或者無基本對價地騙取他人財物,使得他人財物處于事實上被剝奪或者具有被剝奪的的現(xiàn)實危險狀態(tài),并將他人財物視作自己的財物進(jìn)行利用、處分的心理。第三部分分析了“非法占有目的”在犯罪構(gòu)成要件中的地位問題�！胺欠ㄕ加心康摹奔仁呛贤p騙罪主觀的構(gòu)成要件要素,是合同詐騙罪必不可少的構(gòu)成要件要素,又是一種主觀的違法要素,可以成為違法性的判斷對象。對于理論上頗具爭議的“非法占有目的”與犯罪故意的關(guān)系問題,筆者認(rèn)為,“非法占有目的”是包含于故意內(nèi)容之中,而非獨立于故意之外。對于“非法占有目的”與條文中五種行為的關(guān)系問題,存在不可反駁的推定說、推定說、推論說,筆者贊同推論說,五種法定的客觀行為只是證明行為人具有“非法占有目的”的客觀要素,而不是唯一的、充分的條件。第四部分闡述了“非法占有目的”司法認(rèn)定的現(xiàn)狀與不足。關(guān)于“非法占有目的”具體證明路徑的爭議,運用司法推定推定主觀目的本身存在的不足,以及當(dāng)前關(guān)于合同詐騙罪“非法占有目的”認(rèn)定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的弊端。目前大部分學(xué)者都主張“綜合分析說”即綜合案件的基礎(chǔ)事實要素,全面分析認(rèn)定,除了依據(jù)刑法規(guī)定的合同詐騙罪的客觀行為方式,我們必須結(jié)合除了行為以外的其他客觀因素來確定“非法占有目的”,包括行為人履行合同的能力,對被害人財物的處置狀況和合同履行狀況等因素,綜合衡量行為人未能履行合同的原因,但是,如何具體的綜合分析認(rèn)定,學(xué)界很少分析,沒有提出具體的方法或步驟來推定“非法占有目的”的有無。第五部分針對對合同詐騙罪“非法占有目的”司法認(rèn)定的現(xiàn)狀提出完善建議。論述了運用司法推定的證明路徑的理論根據(jù),在運用司法推定時,必須構(gòu)建和遵循一定的規(guī)則或準(zhǔn)則,指導(dǎo)司法推定過程,同時,提出了具體的認(rèn)定方法,綜合考慮案件中對“非法占有目的”具有表征作用的各種基礎(chǔ)事實,采取正確的認(rèn)定步驟,來認(rèn)定屬于行為人心理層面的“非法占有目的”,以期對司法實踐具有積極的指導(dǎo)作用。
[Abstract]:The purpose of illegal possession is one of the important elements to determine whether the actor in the contract fraud case constitutes the crime of contract fraud. However, the current law of our country does not specify the specific connotation of the purpose of illegal possession in the crime of contract fraud. In addition, the academic circles seldom study and discuss the "purpose of illegal possession" in the context of the crime of contract fraud. Therefore, this paper focuses on the following issues: First, the understanding of the specific connotation of the "purpose of illegal possession" of the crime of contract fraud. It is suggested to use the method of criminal presumption, follow the basic rules of presumption, analyze the basic factual elements of subjective purpose according to the correct determination steps and sequence, and accurately determine the "illegal possession" of the actor in the contract fraud case. It is of great significance to clarify the concrete connotation of the "purpose of illegal possession" in the crime of contract fraud and to solve the problems in the judicial cognizance of the "purpose of illegal possession" in dealing with the cases of contract fraud correctly. It is difficult to prove whether the perpetrator has the objective of illegal possession subjectively in the case, including the problem of defining the specific connotation, the current academic understanding of its connotation is not uniform, and the specific connotation of the purpose of illegal possession stipulated in the individual crime is seldom studied, which brings about the objective of illegal possession in judicial practice. The second part is to explore and define the specific connotation of the crime of contract fraud "purpose of illegal possession". Firstly, through the comparative study law, combing and evaluating the understanding of domestic and foreign criminal law to "purpose of illegal possession" and existence. The author summarizes the controversy and issues as two core issues: time, "possession" is confined to permanent? Specifically to the crime of contract fraud, in practice, "fraud" type of contract fraud attribution, the nature of the act is quite controversial; power and function, "illegal possession purpose" is limited to simple control, or includes the use of place. On the premise of drawing lessons from various theories and viewpoints about the purpose of illegal possession, the connotation of the crime of contract fraud should be defined concretely according to the characteristics of the object of the crime of contract fraud, the characteristics of the contract transaction itself and the objective reality of the contract transaction. A subjective intention of a person should reflect the psychological attitude of the actor, which can be understood as: the actor wishes to defraud others'property without consideration or basic consideration, so that others' property is in fact deprived or has the actual danger of being deprived, and regards others'property as his own property for use and disposal. The third part analyzes the status of the purpose of illegal possession in the constitution of the crime. The purpose of illegal possession is not only the subjective constituent element of the crime of contract fraud, but also the essential constituent element of the crime of contract fraud. On the controversial issue of the relationship between the purpose of illegal possession and criminal intent, the author holds that the purpose of illegal possession is contained in the intentional content, not independent of intent. The fourth part expounds the present situation and shortcomings of the judicial cognizance of the purpose of illegal possession. At present, most scholars advocate that "comprehensive analysis theory" is the basic factual elements of comprehensive cases, and make a comprehensive analysis and determination, except for the objective behavior of contract fraud according to the criminal law. It is necessary to combine other objective factors besides behavior to determine the purpose of illegal possession, including the ability of the actor to perform the contract, the disposal of the victim's property and the performance of the contract. The fifth part puts forward some suggestions to perfect the judicial cognizance of the "purpose of illegal possession" of the crime of contract fraud. It discusses the theoretical basis of using judicial presumption to prove the path, and it is necessary to construct and follow certain rules or criteria when using judicial presumption. At the same time, it puts forward specific methods to determine the purpose of illegal possession. It considers all kinds of basic facts which can represent the purpose of illegal possession comprehensively and takes correct steps to identify the purpose of illegal possession which belongs to the psychological level of the perpetrator.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D924.3

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 張冬雪;論合同詐騙罪的司法認(rèn)定[D];延邊大學(xué);2017年

2 鄭明芳;合同詐騙罪的司法適用[D];延邊大學(xué);2016年

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本文編號：2182699