【摘要】：侵占罪是我國財產犯罪中的常見罪名之一，自1997年刑法增設以來已經有了17年的歷史。由于社會經濟現(xiàn)象的多元化以及經濟行為的紛繁復雜，司法實踐中刑民交叉難題與日俱增，，在財產犯罪中，侵占罪與不當?shù)美慕徊姹闶切堂窠徊娴耐怀霰憩F(xiàn)。侵占罪的特征之一就是，行為人的犯罪對象是自己已經占有的他人財物，而這一特征與不當?shù)美哪承┣樾螛O為相似，這是導致侵占罪與不當?shù)美y以區(qū)分的原因。在學術界，不當?shù)美樾蜗履芊癯闪⑶终甲锸且粋�存在諸多爭議的問題。本文試圖從司法實踐中的侵占罪與不當?shù)美徊姘讣胧�，找出二者交叉的范圍與具體界分標準，力求得出能對司法實踐有幫助的結論。 除了引言，本文包括4部分，約31000字： 第一部分提出了侵占罪與不當?shù)美徊鎲栴}。本部分以司法實踐中的某些案件為切入點，引出了司法實踐中確實存在對侵占罪與不當?shù)美徊姘讣牟煌幚硪庖姟＿M而提出了學術界對侵占罪與不當?shù)美P系的爭論，在此，筆者通過對否定說觀點的質疑，表明了自己的立場：侵占罪與不當?shù)美_實存在交叉。 第二部分分析了侵占罪與不當?shù)美徊娴脑�。在本部分中，筆者主要討論兩個問題：（一）分別從概念、立法目的、構成要件等方面對不當?shù)美c侵占罪進行了闡述，厘清了不當?shù)美幕绢愋�，以及侵占罪變“占有”為“不法所有”的本質特征。然后，又從代為保管的他人財物、遺忘物埋藏物、不當?shù)美c侵權行為的交叉這三個角度出發(fā)，對侵占罪與不當?shù)美徊娴脑蜻M行了分析。（二）對侵占罪與不當?shù)美徊娴膶嵸|——刑民法律關系交叉進行了討論，總結出了三個引起刑民交叉的原因，即刑民法規(guī)競合、行為競合以及法律責任聚合。 第三部分探討了侵占罪與不當?shù)美徊娴木唧w情形。筆者從給付型不當?shù)美c非給付型不當?shù)美@一不當?shù)美幕痉诸惓霭l(fā)，結合案例的形式，整理出了侵占罪與不當?shù)美徊娴木唧w情形。筆者在此部分中也對遺失物與遺忘物、不法原因給付物與不法原因委托物等概念進行了分析和解釋。 第四部分嘗試提出侵占罪與不當?shù)美慕绶謽藴�。筆者認為，在特定情況下的不當?shù)美梢赞D化為侵占罪，二者的界分標準應當從侵占罪的構成要件中尋找答案。筆者認為，在主觀上，不當?shù)美芤嫒瞬淮嬖诠室�，即使產生了某種惡意，也僅是一種想要暫時排除其他人對財物的使用或者占有的目的；而侵占罪行為人主觀上是直接故意，具有非法占有目的。從客觀角度分析，不當?shù)美蚯终甲锏霓D化分為兩步：首先，不當?shù)美芤嫒俗罱K取得利益的方式不具有違法性，但如果受益人實施了處分或者藏匿等侵權行為，其行為就具備了民事違法性；第二，如果受益人在實施侵權行為之后，拒不退還或交出自己占有的財物，那么其行為的性質就由民事違法上升到了應受刑罰處罰的程度，實現(xiàn)了向侵占罪的完全轉化。
[Abstract]:The crime of embezzlement is one of the common crimes in property crimes in our country, which has a history of 17 years since the criminal law was added in 1997. Due to the diversification of social and economic phenomena and the complexity of economic behavior, the problem of cross-cutting between criminal and civil in judicial practice is increasing day by day. One of the characteristics of the crime of embezzlement is that the object of the offender's crime is other people's property already occupied by himself, which is very similar to some cases of unjust enrichment. This is the reason why it is difficult to distinguish between the crime of embezzlement and unjust enrichment. This paper tries to find out the scope and specific criteria of the intersection of the crime of embezzlement and unjust enrichment from the cross-case of the crime of misappropriation and unjust enrichment in judicial practice.
In addition to the introduction, this article consists of 4 parts, about 31000 words:
The first part puts forward the problem of the intersection of the crime of embezzlement and the unjust enrichment.This part takes some cases in judicial practice as the breakthrough point,leads to different opinions on the intersection of the crime of embezzlement and the unjust enrichment in judicial practice,and then puts forward the controversy on the relationship between the crime of embezzlement and the unjust enrichment in academic circles. The questioning of negation points out his position: there is a cross between embezzlement and unjust enrichment.
The second part analyzes the reasons for the overlap between the crime of misappropriation and the crime of unjust enrichment. In this part, the author mainly discusses two issues: (1) expounds the crime of unjust enrichment and the crime of misappropriation from the concepts, legislative purposes, constitutive requirements and other aspects, clarifies the basic types of unjust enrichment, and the crime of misappropriation "possession" as "illegal possession". Secondly, the author analyzes the reasons of the overlap between the crime of embezzlement and the unjust enrichment from the three angles of the other person's property in custody, the buried property of the forgotten property, the overlap between the unjust enrichment and the infringement. (2) The author discusses the essence of the overlap between the crime of embezzlement and the unjust enrichment - the relationship between the criminal law and the civil law. The reasons for the intersection of criminal and civilian are the concurrence of criminal laws and regulations, the concurrence of actions and the aggregation of legal liability.
The third part discusses the specific situation of the overlap between the crime of embezzlement and the unjust enrichment. The author starts from the basic classification of the unjust enrichment of the type of payment and the type of non-payment, and combines the form of the case to sort out the specific situation of the overlap between the crime of embezzlement and the unjust enrichment. The concept of the cause and the illegal cause, the entrustment and so on are analyzed and explained.
The fourth part tries to put forward the demarcation standard between the crime of misappropriation and the unjust enrichment.The author thinks that under certain circumstances the unjust enrichment can be transformed into the crime of misappropriation. From an objective point of view, the transformation from unjust enrichment to the crime of embezzlement can be divided into two steps: first, the way in which the beneficiary of unjust enrichment ultimately gains benefits is not illegal, but If the beneficiary carries out such torts as punishment or concealment, his act will have civil illegality; secondly, if the beneficiary refuses to return or hand over the property in his possession after the implementation of the tort, the nature of his act will rise from civil illegality to the degree of punishment, and the crime of embezzlement will be completed. Full transformation.
【學位授予單位】：西南政法大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D924.3;D923

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