本文選題：終身監(jiān)禁 + 死刑廢止��； 參考：《南京師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：終身監(jiān)禁出現(xiàn)至今已有百余年歷史,它在國外一直扮演著最嚴(yán)厲或是嚴(yán)厲性僅次于死刑的刑罰的角色,是當(dāng)今世界主流刑罰之一。在《刑法修正案(九)》出臺之前,我國學(xué)者一直就我國死刑廢止之路進(jìn)行討論——終身監(jiān)禁能否作為廢止死刑后代替死刑的最嚴(yán)重的刑罰。2015年頒布了《刑法修正案(九)》后,終身監(jiān)禁作為配置給貪污受賄犯罪的特殊規(guī)定首次入刑,我國以法律明確了終身監(jiān)禁的概念。2016年白恩培案也是我國首次適用終身監(jiān)禁這一刑罰。這一制度創(chuàng)新在學(xué)界引起了巨大的討論�？v觀我國幾十年的刑罰變革歷史,在我國法制現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程中,刑罰觀念在隨著時(shí)代發(fā)展而變化。尤其是改革開放以后,我國立法理念、刑事政策等都不斷向現(xiàn)代化的人道主義理念看齊,刑罰執(zhí)行措施也在不斷更新,變得更加尊重人權(quán)。本文第一章從《刑法修正案(九)》引入終身監(jiān)禁入手,交代我國引入終身監(jiān)禁的背景,明確我國刑法中的終身監(jiān)禁的概念和性質(zhì),劃清其與國外終身監(jiān)禁概念的界限,對本文中的終身監(jiān)禁一個(gè)概念進(jìn)行界定。第二章闡述了終身監(jiān)禁的全球適用情況,分成廢除死刑后替代死刑的措施以及作為獨(dú)立刑種兩種情況進(jìn)行考察,列舉了全球多個(gè)國家適用終身監(jiān)禁的情況并且從刑罰觀念的變化入手,討論目前終身監(jiān)禁的理論爭議——終身監(jiān)禁是存是廢、終身監(jiān)禁能不能代替死刑。針對這個(gè)問題,本文得出的結(jié)論是終身監(jiān)禁在新刑罰觀念的影響下始終是全球主流刑罰之一,即使終身監(jiān)禁有其弊端,但在現(xiàn)階段它是替代死刑的第一選擇,且在新刑罰觀念的影響下,絕對終身監(jiān)禁正經(jīng)歷向相對終身監(jiān)禁的轉(zhuǎn)變,這對我國極具參考意義。第三章本文依據(jù)我國學(xué)界對終身監(jiān)禁能否代替死刑的爭論,認(rèn)為終身監(jiān)禁的缺點(diǎn)不可否認(rèn),但在我國目前在減少適用死刑的背景下,終身監(jiān)禁將會擴(kuò)大適用面,以獨(dú)立刑種進(jìn)入我國刑法,與可以減刑、假釋的無期徒刑共同承擔(dān)中等至偏重這一段刑罰的使命,此外還對終身監(jiān)禁未來以獨(dú)立刑種進(jìn)入我國刑法后隨之而來的適用主體問題以及對現(xiàn)在無期徒刑的調(diào)整給出了方案,即認(rèn)為未成年人、婦女和已滿75周歲的老年人并不適合適用終身監(jiān)禁,并且如果適用終身監(jiān)禁應(yīng)當(dāng)削減適用無期徒刑的罪名,以更好的與終身監(jiān)禁互相配合構(gòu)成合適的刑罰的梯度�？偠灾�,終身監(jiān)禁制度首次入刑意義重大,它彌補(bǔ)了我國死刑與無期徒刑之間的落差,構(gòu)建了合理的階梯式的刑罰結(jié)構(gòu),為我國探索廢止死刑邁出了第一步,有利于我國法治化建設(shè),是一次意義重大的變革。
[Abstract]:Life imprisonment has a history of more than 100 years. It has been playing the role of the harshest or harshest punishment after the death penalty in foreign countries. It is one of the mainstream penalties in the world. Before the introduction of the Criminal Law Amendment (9), Chinese scholars have been discussing the way to abolish the death penalty in China-whether life imprisonment can be regarded as the most serious penalty to replace the death penalty after the abolition of the death penalty. [9] after the promulgation of the Criminal Law Amendment (9) in 2015, Life imprisonment, as a special provision for the crime of corruption and bribery, is the first time that the concept of life imprisonment is defined by law in our country. The 2016 Bai Enpei case is also the first time that life imprisonment is applied in our country. This system innovation has aroused the huge discussion in the academic circles. Throughout the history of penalty reform in China, the concept of penalty changes with the development of the times in the process of modernization of our legal system. Especially after the reform and opening up, our legislative concept, criminal policy and so on are constantly in line with the modern humanitarian concept, penalty enforcement measures are also constantly updated, becoming more respect for human rights. The first chapter of this paper begins with the introduction of life imprisonment in the Criminal Law Amendment (9), explains the background of the introduction of life imprisonment in our country, clarifies the concept and nature of life imprisonment in our criminal law, and makes a clear distinction between the concept of life imprisonment and the concept of life imprisonment abroad. This paper defines the concept of life imprisonment. Chapter II describes the global application of life imprisonment, divided into measures to replace the death penalty after the abolition of the death penalty, as well as an independent type of punishment to investigate. This paper lists the application of life imprisonment in many countries all over the world and discusses the theory of life imprisonment from the change of the concept of penalty. It discusses whether life imprisonment is the survival or abolition of life imprisonment and whether life imprisonment can replace the death penalty. In view of this problem, the conclusion reached in this paper is that life imprisonment is always one of the mainstream penalties in the world under the influence of the new penalty concept. Even though life imprisonment has its drawbacks, it is the first choice to replace the death penalty at the present stage. Under the influence of the new concept of penalty, absolute life imprisonment is undergoing the transition to relative life imprisonment, which is of great reference significance to our country. In the third chapter, based on the debate on whether life imprisonment can replace the death penalty, the author holds that the shortcomings of life imprisonment can not be denied, but under the background of reducing the application of death penalty in our country, life imprisonment will expand the scope of application. Entering China's criminal law with independent punishment, together with life imprisonment, which can be commuted and released on parole, they undertake the mission of medium to heavy punishment. In addition, it also gives a plan for the subject of application of life imprisonment in the future after its entry into our criminal law as an independent sentence, as well as for the adjustment of the present life imprisonment, that is, the minor is considered as a minor. Women and older persons over the age of 75 are not suitable for life imprisonment, and if life imprisonment is applied, the offence of life imprisonment should be reduced in order to better match life imprisonment with an appropriate penalty gradient. In a word, the system of life imprisonment is of great significance for the first time. It makes up the gap between death penalty and life imprisonment in our country, constructs a reasonable structure of punishment step by step, and takes the first step for our country to explore and abolish the death penalty. Is advantageous to our country rule by law construction, is a significant transformation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D924.1

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 張明楷;;終身監(jiān)禁的性質(zhì)與適用[J];現(xiàn)代法學(xué);2017年03期

2 趙秉志;商浩文;;論死刑改革視野下的終身監(jiān)禁制度[J];華東政法大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2017年01期

3 武曉雯;;再議死刑之存廢與替代——以歐美等國廢止死刑的歷史實(shí)踐為切入[J];河北法學(xué);2016年11期

4 黎宏;;終身監(jiān)禁的法律性質(zhì)及適用[J];法商研究;2016年03期

5 趙赤;;《刑法修正案(九)》中的終身監(jiān)禁制度探析[J];凈月學(xué)刊;2016年03期

6 魏東;;刑法總則的修改與檢討——以《刑法修正案(九)》為重點(diǎn)[J];華東政法大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2016年02期

7 黃京平;;終身監(jiān)禁的法律定位與司法適用[J];北京聯(lián)合大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(人文社會科學(xué)版);2015年04期

8 趙秉志;袁彬;;中國刑法立法改革的新思維——以《刑法修正案(九)》為中心[J];法學(xué);2015年10期

9 王志祥;;死刑替代措施:一個(gè)需要警惕的刑法概念[J];中國法學(xué);2015年01期

10 趙秉志;;中國死刑立法改革新思考——以《刑法修正案(九)(草案)》為主要視角[J];吉林大學(xué)社會科學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2015年01期

相關(guān)重要報(bào)紙文章 前1條

1 袁登明;;邁向正義的懲罰之路[N];人民法院報(bào);2012年

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 張新u&;終身自由刑替代死刑制度研究[D];吉林大學(xué);2013年

2 張秀玲;無期徒刑研究[D];吉林大學(xué);2010年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前5條

1 嚴(yán)玉婷;終身監(jiān)禁制度的探究[D];吉林大學(xué);2016年

2 張浩;終身監(jiān)禁的中國實(shí)踐與刑罰改革[D];華東政法大學(xué);2016年

3 姜玉楠;論有限替代死刑的終身監(jiān)禁制度[D];蘇州大學(xué);2013年

4 范江維;在我國引進(jìn)終身監(jiān)禁的法律問題研究[D];西北大學(xué);2011年

5 陳勇;無期徒刑價(jià)值論[D];中國政法大學(xué);2007年

，

本文編號：2106327