本文選題：吸毒 + 入罪化�。� 參考：《湖南師范大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：吸毒行為是指非法吸食毒品的行為,“吸食”包括口吸、鼻吸、口服、注射等多種方式。世界上各個國家與地區(qū)根據(jù)各自的國情需要,對吸毒行為的法律定性及其處罰措施做出了相應(yīng)的規(guī)定,主要有五種模式。第一種是將吸毒行為入罪,并配以相應(yīng)的刑事處罰；第二種同樣是將吸毒視為犯罪行為,但免去刑罰,取而代之的是醫(yī)療措施；第三種是刑事、行政立法相結(jié)合,即吸毒罪名成立,但僅處以行政處罰；第四種是對吸毒行為以違法論處,予以行政處罰；第五種是“荷蘭體制”,即采取對硬性毒品嚴(yán)格禁止,對軟性毒品有限開放兩者相結(jié)合的策略。 由于歷史的變遷以及國情的需要,我國對吸毒行為的法律規(guī)定經(jīng)歷了由罪到非罪的反復(fù)過程。我國現(xiàn)行的《中華人民共和國治安管理處罰法》規(guī)定,吸食、注射毒品的人員要被處以行政拘留與罰款的措施,《禁毒法》對吸毒行為做出了三種處理方法：社區(qū)戒毒、自愿戒毒、強制隔離戒毒。這兩部法律都表明吸毒行為屬于行政調(diào)控范疇,不是犯罪行為。 但是,吸毒行為不僅損害個人身心健康還具有嚴(yán)重的社會危害性,這幾年吸毒人數(shù)迅猛增長,吸毒者年齡結(jié)構(gòu)呈年輕化,由吸毒行為引起的犯罪行為事態(tài)大幅蔓延�，F(xiàn)有戒毒體系由于各自所存在著不同程度的缺陷已經(jīng)遠不能解決此矛盾。文章試圖以吸毒行為入罪為治理吸毒行為找到更好的出路。功利主義論、原因自由行為的可罰性和抽象危險犯等理論為吸毒入罪提供了理論基礎(chǔ)。文章從這三個理論出發(fā)論證了吸毒入罪的可行性。 另一方面,盡管筆者認(rèn)為吸毒行為應(yīng)當(dāng)入罪,但由于吸毒行為畢竟不屬于破壞性巨大的行為,因此筆者認(rèn)為應(yīng)將吸毒行為加以區(qū)別進行入罪,并處以合適的刑罰,以促進禁毒工作的開展和社會穩(wěn)定的維護。綜上所述,我國刑法應(yīng)當(dāng)確立“吸毒罪”罪名,并對吸毒罪的犯罪構(gòu)成,法定刑做出具體規(guī)定。
[Abstract]:Drug-taking refers to illegal drug-taking, which includes inhaling, oral administration, injection and so on. Various countries and regions in the world have made corresponding provisions on the legal characterization of drug abuse and its punishment measures according to their own national conditions. There are mainly five models. The first is to criminalize drug abuse with corresponding criminal penalties; the second is to treat drug abuse as a criminal act, but without punishment, and to replace it with medical measures; and the third is to combine criminal, administrative and legislative measures. That is, the crime of drug abuse is found guilty, but only the administrative punishment is imposed; the fourth is to punish drug abuse as an offence and to impose administrative punishment; and the fifth is the "Dutch system", that is, the strict prohibition of hard drugs, The strategy of combining the two with limited openness to soft drugs. Due to the change of history and the need of national conditions, the legal provisions of drug abuse in our country have experienced a repeated process from crime to non-crime. The present Law of the people's Republic of China on the punishment of Public Security Administration stipulates that persons who smoke or inject drugs shall be subject to administrative detention and fines. The Drug Control Law provides three ways to deal with drug abuse: community detoxification, Voluntary detoxification, compulsory isolation. Both laws show that drug-taking belongs to the scope of administrative regulation and control, not a criminal act. However, drug abuse not only damages the individual's physical and mental health, but also has serious social harmfulness. In recent years, the number of drug users has increased rapidly, the age structure of drug users has become younger, and the criminal behavior caused by drug abuse behavior has spread greatly. The existing detoxification system has been unable to solve this contradiction because of their respective defects. The article tries to find a better way to deal with drug-taking behavior by criminalizing drug-taking behavior. The theory of utilitarianism, the penalty of cause free behavior and the abstract dangerous crime provide the theoretical basis for the crime of drug abuse. From these three theories, the article proves the feasibility of drug-taking incrimination. On the other hand, although the author thinks that drug abuse should be criminalized, but because drug abuse is not a destructive act after all, the author thinks that drug abuse should be distinguished and punished with appropriate penalty. In order to promote the development of drug control and social stability maintenance. To sum up, the criminal law of our country should establish the crime of drug abuse, and make specific provisions on the constitution of the crime of drug abuse and the legal punishment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D922.14;D924.3

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