本文選題：未成年人 + 刑事責任年齡�。� 參考：《南京師范大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：未成年人刑事責任年齡問題是一個隨著國家的進步和發(fā)展越來越引起民眾關(guān)注的問題。因為近年來未成年人實施惡性行為而導致犯罪的數(shù)目越來越多且情節(jié)越來越惡劣,致使社會民眾對這一現(xiàn)象及問題的關(guān)心程度越來越高。隨著未成年人犯罪的低齡化現(xiàn)象日益明顯,未成年人刑事責任年齡起點是否應當降低也成為了一個爭論的焦點。本文通過案例的介紹、對于未成年人刑事責任年齡起點是否應當降低學界存在的各種爭議及學說的介紹,闡述了筆者對于未成年人刑事責任年齡起點不宜降低的觀點以及相應的理由同時提出了為進一步完善相應制度可以采取的措施。第一章,提出問題。通過趙力寶案、湖南邵東女教師被三學生劫殺案、廣西石橋村三姐弟被殺案以及覃某殺人肢解案提出本文的研究問題,即未成年人刑事責任年齡起點是否該當降低。第二章,我國未成年人刑事責任年齡起點的爭議及評析。我國未成年人刑事責任年齡起點是否應當降低在學界存在著爭議,分別是降低說、不變說、提高說和彈性說。降低說認為未成年人刑事責任年齡起點應當降低以適應當前社會的發(fā)展。不變說認為未成年人自身并沒有因為物質(zhì)條件的變好而達到相應的成熟程度,同時社會和學校等對未成年人走向犯罪有不可逃避的責任,未成年人刑事責任年齡的變動是社會不負責任的表現(xiàn)。提高說認為為了加大對未成年人的保護,刑事責任年齡起點應當提高。彈性說則認為對未成年人刑事責任年齡的規(guī)定應當在14周歲左右上下浮動6個月。第三章,我國未成年人刑事責任年齡起點不宜降低。筆者對未成年人刑事責任年齡起點是否應當降低這一問題進行了自己的探索和研究。首先,從理論方面對國際法、古今中外有關(guān)未成年人刑事責任年齡的規(guī)定以及刑事責任年齡的劃分等方面進行探究;其次,通過對中國社會現(xiàn)狀進行了探索并提出由于目前判斷未成年人成熟的標準尚不明確、相關(guān)法律制度構(gòu)建不全面以及未成年人犯罪相關(guān)處罰措施不健全,得出我國未成年人刑事責任年齡不宜降低。第四章,我國未成年人刑事責任年齡制度應對措施�；谏鐣F(xiàn)狀我國未成年人刑事責任年齡不宜降低但應當采取相應的措施以完善未成年人刑事責任年齡制度,筆者據(jù)此提出了完善相對負刑事責任年齡制度、建立健全少年司法制度、完善保安處分措施、建立強制親職制度、采用前科消滅制度以及充分利用和發(fā)展社區(qū)矯正制度等措施。
[Abstract]:The age of juvenile criminal responsibility is a problem that attracts more and more attention with the progress and development of our country. In recent years, the number of crimes committed by minors has become more and more serious, which makes the public pay more and more attention to this phenomenon and problems. With the phenomenon of juvenile delinquency becoming increasingly obvious, whether the starting point of juvenile criminal responsibility should be lowered has become the focus of debate. In this paper, through the introduction of cases, whether the starting point of juvenile criminal responsibility should reduce the academic controversy and the introduction of the theory, This paper expounds the author's point of view that the starting point of juvenile criminal responsibility should not be lowered and the corresponding reasons and puts forward the measures that can be taken to further perfect the corresponding system. The first chapter, put forward the question. Through the case of Zhao Libao, the case of Hunan Shaodong female teacher being robbed and killed by three students, the case of the killing of three sisters and brothers in Shiqiao Village in Guangxi and the case of Qin Mou's murder and dismemberment, the author puts forward the research question in this paper, that is, whether the starting point of juvenile's criminal responsibility should be lowered. The second chapter, our country minor criminal responsibility age starting point dispute and the appraisal. Whether the starting point of juvenile criminal responsibility in China should be lowered is controversial in academic circles, namely, the theory of lowering, the theory of invariance, the theory of improvement and the theory of flexibility. According to the theory, the starting point of juvenile criminal responsibility should be lowered in order to adapt to the development of current society. The same holds that minors themselves have not reached a corresponding level of maturity due to the improvement of material conditions. At the same time, society and schools have an unavoidable responsibility for minors to commit crimes. The change of juvenile's age of criminal responsibility is the manifestation of social irresponsibility. In order to enhance the protection of minors, the starting point of criminal responsibility should be raised. Flexibility says that the age of criminal responsibility for minors should fluctuate around 14 years of age for 6 months. The third chapter, our country minor criminal responsibility age starting point should not be lowered. The author explores and studies whether the starting point of juvenile criminal responsibility should be reduced. First of all, from the theoretical aspects of international law, ancient and modern Chinese and foreign provisions on the age of criminal responsibility of minors and the division of the age of criminal responsibility, and so on; secondly, This paper explores the current situation of Chinese society and points out that the standards for judging the maturity of minors are not clear, the relevant legal system is not comprehensive, and the punishment measures related to juvenile delinquency are not perfect. Come to our country minor criminal responsibility age should not be lowered. The fourth chapter, our country minor criminal responsibility age system countermeasure. Based on the current social situation, the age of criminal responsibility of minors in China should not be lowered, but corresponding measures should be taken to perfect the age system of criminal responsibility of minors. Based on this, the author puts forward to perfect the age system of relative criminal responsibility. Such measures as establishing and perfecting juvenile justice system, perfecting security measures, establishing compulsory paternity system, adopting the system of elimination of criminal record and making full use of and developing community correction system, etc.
【學位授予單位】：南京師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D924.1

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