本文選題：環(huán)境犯罪 + 企業(yè)環(huán)境刑事責(zé)任�。� 參考：《中南林業(yè)科技大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：企業(yè)是現(xiàn)代市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的重要主體,企業(yè)的生存需要以犧牲環(huán)境、資源成本為代價(jià),它們?cè)谪暙I(xiàn)社會(huì)財(cái)富的同時(shí),必然產(chǎn)生一系列的環(huán)境問(wèn)題。目前,企業(yè)造成的污染型環(huán)境犯罪日益增加,人們對(duì)治理環(huán)境犯罪的呼聲也越來(lái)越高,如何采取措施最大限度的實(shí)現(xiàn)企業(yè)的環(huán)境刑事責(zé)任,對(duì)其研究具有重大的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。 企業(yè)環(huán)境刑事責(zé)任是企業(yè)實(shí)施單位環(huán)境犯罪行為所引起的刑事法律責(zé)任。其承擔(dān)主體上具有特殊性,既要對(duì)企業(yè)判處罰金,又要對(duì)企業(yè)直接負(fù)責(zé)的主管人員和其他責(zé)任人員進(jìn)行處罰,實(shí)行雙罰制。鑒于環(huán)境犯罪自身的特點(diǎn),企業(yè)環(huán)境刑事責(zé)任的實(shí)現(xiàn)較為苦難、復(fù)雜。. 在立法上,我國(guó)關(guān)于企業(yè)環(huán)境刑事責(zé)任立法處于發(fā)展、完善的階段,與國(guó)外發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家相比,我國(guó)的立法還遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)落后,在許多地方值得我們?nèi)ソ梃b。在司法實(shí)踐中,由于立法上的不完善,導(dǎo)致了具體司法適用出現(xiàn)一些問(wèn)題,對(duì)企業(yè)的處罰只限于罰金刑一種,且罰金刑數(shù)額較低,對(duì)企業(yè)相關(guān)責(zé)任人員處罰,主要以短期自由刑,處罰力度不夠,判決中存在罪刑不均衡現(xiàn)象等。 整體上,企業(yè)環(huán)境刑事責(zé)任的立法與實(shí)踐都存在一些問(wèn)題,具體包括責(zé)任主體范圍待立法明確、犯罪客體界定不科學(xué)、缺乏有關(guān)危險(xiǎn)犯的規(guī)定、因果關(guān)系認(rèn)定方法有待改進(jìn)、刑罰措施種類單一、自由刑刑罰幅度設(shè)置過(guò)低、罰金刑處罰力度輕緩。 對(duì)此,我們須采取一定措施來(lái)完善我國(guó)企業(yè)環(huán)境刑事責(zé)任。一是要對(duì)企業(yè)環(huán)境犯罪責(zé)任主體范圍進(jìn)行立法明確,二是要重新界定企業(yè)環(huán)境犯罪客體為環(huán)境刑法法益,三是要增設(shè)有關(guān)危險(xiǎn)犯的規(guī)定,四是應(yīng)采用因果關(guān)系推定原則,五是通過(guò)增設(shè)資格刑、完善并注重適用非刑罰處罰措施來(lái)完善刑罰體系,六是提高企業(yè)環(huán)境犯罪的刑罰力度,具體包括加大自由刑法定刑的處罰幅度、明確并加大對(duì)企業(yè)的罰金刑數(shù)額。
[Abstract]:Enterprises are the main body of modern market economy. Enterprises need to sacrifice the environment and the cost of resources at the cost of survival. While they contribute to social wealth, they inevitably produce a series of environmental problems. At present, the pollution-type environmental crime caused by enterprises is increasing day by day, and the voice of people to deal with environmental crime is increasing. It is of great practical significance to study how to take measures to realize the environmental criminal responsibility of enterprises to the maximum extent. Corporate environmental criminal liability is the criminal liability caused by the environmental crimes committed by enterprises. Its undertaking subject has particularity, it should not only impose fine on the enterprise, but also punish the person in charge and other responsible personnel of the enterprise directly, and carry out double penalty system. In view of the characteristics of environmental crime itself, the realization of corporate environmental criminal responsibility is more difficult, complex. In terms of legislation, our legislation on corporate environmental criminal responsibility is in the stage of development and perfection. Compared with the developed countries, our legislation is still far behind, and it is worth learning from in many places. In judicial practice, due to the imperfect legislation, there are some problems in the specific judicial application. The punishment of the enterprise is limited to one kind of fine penalty, and the amount of fine penalty is relatively low. Mainly to short-term free punishment, punishment is not enough, there is an imbalance in the sentence of crime and punishment, and so on. On the whole, there are some problems in the legislation and practice of corporate environmental criminal responsibility, including the scope of responsibility subject to be clearly defined, the definition of criminal object is not scientific, the lack of regulations on dangerous crime, the method of causation need to be improved. The penalty measure is single, the range of free penalty is too low, and the penalty of fine is light. In view of this, we must take certain measure to perfect our country enterprise environment criminal responsibility. First, it is necessary to legislate the scope of the subject of corporate environmental crime responsibility; second, to redefine the object of enterprise environmental crime as the legal benefit of environmental criminal law; third, to add provisions on dangerous crimes; and fourth, to adopt the principle of presumption of causality. The fifth is to perfect the penalty system by adding qualification penalty, perfecting and paying attention to the application of non-penalty punishment measures. Sixth, to improve the penalty intensity of enterprise environmental crime, including specifically increasing the punishment range of legal punishment of free punishment. Clear and increase the amount of fines imposed on enterprises.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中南林業(yè)科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：D924.3

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前9條

1 王春;高桂林;;我國(guó)公司環(huán)境刑事責(zé)任的完善[J];石家莊經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2005年06期

2 張式軍,曹偉;環(huán)境資源保護(hù)法人犯罪淺析[J];河北法學(xué);2004年07期

3 李錚;;追究刑事責(zé)任的10起環(huán)境典型案例分析[J];環(huán)境保護(hù);2009年10期

4 宋金華;孫紹偉;;循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)下我國(guó)強(qiáng)化企業(yè)環(huán)境責(zé)任的思考[J];江西理工大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2008年04期

5 張艷;從環(huán)境刑法法益的角度談環(huán)境刑法的完善[J];山東行政學(xué)院山東省經(jīng)濟(jì)管理干部學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2005年03期

6 張霞;;環(huán)境刑法中的因果關(guān)系推定原則探討[J];山東警察學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2008年04期

7 何衛(wèi)東,章海,尹琳;日本環(huán)境刑法理論評(píng)析[J];上海交通大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(哲學(xué)社會(huì)科學(xué)版);2004年02期

8 呂忠梅;關(guān)于物權(quán)法的“綠色”思考[J];中國(guó)法學(xué);2000年05期

9 張霞;;韓國(guó)對(duì)單位環(huán)境犯罪的制裁[J];政法論叢;2011年04期

，

本文編號(hào)：1823605