本文選題：保安處分 + 犯罪預(yù)防　； 參考：《吉林大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：保安處分最早起源于西方,是現(xiàn)代國家為達(dá)到防衛(wèi)社會、維護(hù)公共利益的目的,普遍采用的一種特殊性預(yù)防措施,可以起到代替或補(bǔ)充刑罰的作用。保安處分旨在通過矯正、感化、醫(yī)療、限制等手段防止其適用對象再犯或預(yù)防其不犯罪,而滿足社會防衛(wèi)需要。我國現(xiàn)行法律法規(guī)、刑事政策與行政命令中并沒有引用“保安處分”這一概念,或許因其曾被集權(quán)統(tǒng)治“惡為利用”,至今學(xué)界和司法實(shí)務(wù)界仍有疑懼,恐其再被權(quán)力機(jī)關(guān)濫用,因此對于應(yīng)否在我國建立這樣一套社會防衛(wèi)體系存有爭議。但是,回顧我們的立法司法實(shí)踐,考量某些制度措施在性質(zhì)、作用、適用對象及適用條件方面確實(shí)與“保安處分”極為相似。在新的歷史條件下,梳理架構(gòu)先進(jìn)的社會防衛(wèi)體系,提高社會治理能力的普遍需求,要求我們正確看待這些曾經(jīng)存在或正在使用的制度措施。筆者試圖通過研究長期以來我國社會管理措施中的收容矯治、強(qiáng)制禁戒等保安處分措施的適用情況,借鑒參考近現(xiàn)代國際刑事立法領(lǐng)域保安處分的合理成分,探求保安處分構(gòu)建的理論基礎(chǔ),側(cè)重程序性保障研究,追求最佳適用效果,以期解決我國現(xiàn)行刑事政策中保安處分適用這一長期被忽視的問題。隨著社會風(fēng)險點(diǎn)的轉(zhuǎn)移,我國刑法幾經(jīng)修正,刑法的預(yù)防性功能在不斷強(qiáng)化,反映出人們對于自由與安全的價值追求和觀念平衡始終都沒有放棄。從實(shí)用主義考慮,保安處分作為一種非刑罰的預(yù)防手段應(yīng)當(dāng)適時予以甄別梳理。另一方面,如果能夠通過設(shè)立科學(xué)合理的保安處分制度措施預(yù)防違法犯罪、保護(hù)社會安全,通過消除特定行為人的人身危險性保證實(shí)體性正義實(shí)現(xiàn),那么設(shè)計一套公正嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)倪m用程序更有利于其順利運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。因為,此類具有否定評價特質(zhì)的制度措施的適用可能波及全體社會成員,非經(jīng)嚴(yán)格的程序性和制度性保障極易滑向權(quán)力濫用,不得不審慎對待。在全面深化改革、社會結(jié)構(gòu)全面轉(zhuǎn)型的當(dāng)下,如何精準(zhǔn)有效治理多元化社會問題,重新檢省既往保安處分措施在社會防衛(wèi)方面的功能作用,重新梳理既有規(guī)定中的疏漏之處,填補(bǔ)程序設(shè)計的環(huán)節(jié)缺失,在甄別國外保安處分制度優(yōu)劣、總結(jié)我國保安處分措施適用經(jīng)驗的基礎(chǔ)上,立足現(xiàn)實(shí)的物質(zhì)文化條件,以發(fā)展的眼光,努力建立一個完整的、系統(tǒng)的、具有內(nèi)在邏輯關(guān)系的保安處分制度,將其納入司法制度體系,強(qiáng)化監(jiān)督制約機(jī)制,以期發(fā)揮最佳防衛(wèi)功效。
[Abstract]:Security measures originated from the west, which is a special preventive measure widely used in modern countries to protect society and protect public interests, which can replace or supplement punishment. Security measures are designed to meet the need of social defense by means of correction, penitentiary, medical treatment, restriction and so on. The concept of "security measures" has not been invoked in the current laws and regulations, criminal policies and administrative orders of our country. It may be that the academic circles and judicial practitioners still have doubts and fears because they have been "misused" by centralized power. For fear of being abused by the authorities, it is controversial whether such a social defense system should be established in our country. However, looking back at our legislative and judicial practice, we consider that some institutional measures are very similar to "security measures" in nature, function, applicable object and applicable conditions. Under the new historical conditions, combing the advanced social defense system and improving the general demand of the social governance ability, we should correctly treat these institutional measures that existed or are being used. The author attempts to study the application of security measures such as acceptance, correction and compulsory prohibition in the social management measures of our country for a long time, and draw lessons from the reasonable elements of security measures in the field of international criminal legislation in modern and modern times. This paper explores the theoretical basis of the construction of security measures, emphasizes on the research of procedural safeguards, and seeks for the best applicable effect, in order to solve the long-neglected problem of the application of security measures in the current criminal policy of our country. With the transfer of social risk points, the criminal law of our country has been amended several times, and the preventive function of criminal law has been strengthened constantly, which reflects that people have never given up on the value pursuit and the balance of concept of freedom and security. Considering from pragmatism, security measures, as a non-penalty preventive means, should be sorted out at the right time. On the other hand, if we can prevent illegal crimes and protect social security by establishing scientific and reasonable security measures, we can guarantee substantial justice by eliminating the personal danger of specific actors. So the design of a fair and rigorous application of the procedure is more conducive to its smooth operation. Because the application of this kind of system measures with negative evaluation characteristics may affect all members of society, it is easy to slide to abuse of power without strict procedural and institutional guarantee, and have to be treated with caution. In the current period of comprehensive deepening of reform and comprehensive transformation of social structure, how to accurately and effectively manage the pluralistic social problems, re-examine the function of previous security measures in social defense, and rearrange the omissions in the existing regulations. To fill in the missing links of program design, on the basis of discriminating the advantages and disadvantages of foreign security measures, summing up the applicable experience of our country's security measures, basing on the realistic material and cultural conditions, and striving to establish a complete one from the perspective of development. The system of security measures, which has inherent logic relation, is brought into the system of judicial system, and the mechanism of supervision and restriction is strengthened, in order to exert the best defense effect.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D924.3

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 趙秉志,赫興旺,顏茂昆,肖中華;中國刑法修改若干問題研究[J];法學(xué)研究;1996年05期

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本文編號：1794916