本文選題：競技體育 + 體育傷害　； 參考：《湘潭大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：長久以來，競技體育以其高度的競爭性和對抗性而廣受歡迎，在激烈的比賽中，運(yùn)動員之間發(fā)生碰撞和傷害現(xiàn)象在所難免。然而，隨著競技體育商業(yè)化的發(fā)展，運(yùn)動員為爭取比賽勝利，有時會采取一些不符合體育規(guī)則、甚至非法的手段傷害對手，競技體育傷害現(xiàn)象愈演愈烈，體育傷害事件頻發(fā)，產(chǎn)生了巨大的危害，嚴(yán)重侵害了運(yùn)動員的合法權(quán)益，阻礙了競技體育的健康發(fā)展。 為了遏制體育傷害行為，人們采取了多種措施。由于體育是一個特殊領(lǐng)域，，有自治的傳統(tǒng)，一般做法是按照體育組織的內(nèi)部規(guī)則來處理，例如，對于實施傷害行為的運(yùn)動員采取禁賽、罰款等制裁措施，但是這種做法并沒有使現(xiàn)實中的體育傷害現(xiàn)象得到有效遏制，因此受到了人們的批判和質(zhì)疑。于是，法律責(zé)任便被引入其中，其中包括刑事責(zé)任。 在英美法系國家，體育傷害現(xiàn)象非常嚴(yán)重，是否應(yīng)當(dāng)追究行為人的刑事責(zé)任也一直存在激烈的爭論，但這些國家仍然在刑法理論中確立了某些體育傷害行為應(yīng)當(dāng)承擔(dān)刑事責(zé)任的法律原則，在司法實踐中產(chǎn)生了追究體育傷害行為人刑事責(zé)任的判例。體育自身存在特殊性，體育運(yùn)動存在固有風(fēng)險，體育運(yùn)動中的傷害行為，是不能完全按照一般傷害追究刑事責(zé)任的。 在對體育傷害行為追究刑事責(zé)任的過程中，被害人同意是主要的抗辯事由。同意作為抗辯事由，可以有效阻卻刑事責(zé)任。英美法系國家在司法實踐中，對于同意抗辯的具體運(yùn)用進(jìn)行了積極探索，積累了十分豐富的經(jīng)驗。 本文重點(diǎn)關(guān)注英美法系國家對競技體育傷害行為的刑事法規(guī)制，考察它們對競技體育傷害行為刑事責(zé)任承擔(dān)問題的相關(guān)規(guī)定，試圖以具體案例入手，從刑法理論和司法實踐中探究英美法系國家對體育傷害行為進(jìn)行刑事法規(guī)制的路徑，以推動競技體育的良性發(fā)展。 對于體育傷害行為的規(guī)制，刑法的介入是否是最佳的途徑？本文從起訴面臨的障礙，對運(yùn)動員追究刑事責(zé)任的刑事程序存在的弊端入手，試圖探索對體育傷害行為進(jìn)行合理規(guī)制的未來的方向，從而保證競技體育健康發(fā)展，保護(hù)運(yùn)動員生命健康安全。
[Abstract]:For a long time, competitive sports are popular for their high competition and antagonism. In the fierce competition, the phenomenon of collision and injury between athletes is inevitable. However, with the development of the commercialization of competitive sports, in order to win the competition, athletes sometimes take some illegal means to hurt their opponents, which are not in accordance with the rules of sports. The phenomenon of sports injuries is becoming more and more serious, and sports injury events occur frequently. Has produced the huge harm, has seriously infringed the athlete's legal rights and interests, has hindered the competitive sports healthy development. In order to curb sports injury behavior, people have taken a variety of measures. Since sport is a special area and has a tradition of autonomy, it is generally dealt with in accordance with the internal rules of sports organizations, such as the imposition of sanctions on athletes who commit injurious acts, such as suspension, fines, etc. However, this practice has not effectively curbed the phenomenon of sports injury in reality, so it has been criticized and questioned by people. As a result, legal liability was introduced, including criminal liability. In Anglo-American legal system countries, the phenomenon of sports injury is very serious, whether the perpetrators should be investigated for criminal responsibility has always been a heated debate. However, these countries have still established the legal principle that some sports injuries should bear criminal responsibility in the criminal law theory, and in judicial practice, there has been a precedent of investigating the criminal liability of sports injury perpetrators. Sports itself has its own particularity, sports has inherent risks, sports injury behavior, can not be fully according to the general harm of criminal responsibility. In the process of investigating criminal responsibility for sports injury, victim consent is the main defense. Consent, as a defense, can effectively prevent criminal responsibility. In the judicial practice of Anglo-American legal system, the concrete application of consent defense has been actively explored and rich experience has been accumulated. This paper focuses on the criminal law regulation of sports injury behavior in Anglo-American legal system countries, and investigates the relevant provisions of their criminal liability for sports injury behavior, and attempts to start with specific cases. In order to promote the healthy development of competitive sports, this paper probes into the path of criminal law regulation of sports injury behavior in Anglo-American legal system countries from the angle of criminal law theory and judicial practice. Is the intervention of criminal law the best way to regulate sports injury behavior? Starting from the obstacles faced by the prosecution and the disadvantages of the criminal procedure of investigating the criminal responsibility of athletes, this paper tries to explore the future direction of reasonable regulation of sports injury behavior, so as to ensure the healthy development of competitive sports. To protect the health and safety of athletes.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湘潭大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D909.1;D914

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