本文選題：主體資格 + 不作為��； 參考：《遼寧大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文研究的是關(guān)于濫用職權(quán)罪的一些疑難問題。當(dāng)下正是社會(huì)主義市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型的關(guān)鍵時(shí)期，瀆職罪尤其是濫用職權(quán)罪在法律規(guī)定和實(shí)踐司法活動(dòng)中越來越凸顯出其重要性。自1997年濫用職權(quán)罪單獨(dú)成罪以來，司法解釋就在不斷進(jìn)行完善，不過在實(shí)踐操作中還是會(huì)出現(xiàn)很多問題，比如主體范圍，嚴(yán)重結(jié)果的程度，追訴時(shí)效起算等難題。本文通過幾個(gè)典型案例來探討相關(guān)問題，提出觀點(diǎn)來完善濫用職權(quán)罪。 濫用職權(quán)罪的主體是刑法中規(guī)定的特殊主體，它需要具備一定的身份。這種特定身份往往具備特定的權(quán)利以及義務(wù)。對(duì)于濫用職權(quán)罪主體是特殊主體的規(guī)定，在立法上一直在不斷完善。 對(duì)于濫用職權(quán)罪中的“濫用”，這是客觀上的行為表現(xiàn)，并不涉及主觀上需不需要具有不正當(dāng)目的，國(guó)家機(jī)關(guān)工作人員只需要采取了非法的方法行使職權(quán)，就已經(jīng)構(gòu)成了“濫用”。非法的方法又包括在自身職權(quán)內(nèi)和超越自身職權(quán)外恣意使用職權(quán)兩類。筆者認(rèn)同通說的觀點(diǎn)，即在客觀上，“濫用”表現(xiàn)為擅自行使有權(quán)決定或者無權(quán)決定的事項(xiàng)，并不需要具備不正當(dāng)目的。 從非物質(zhì)性損失結(jié)果的表現(xiàn)形式和特點(diǎn)可以看出，，認(rèn)定非物質(zhì)性損失結(jié)果是有困難的，在認(rèn)定時(shí)很容易產(chǎn)生主觀上的隨意性，在司法實(shí)踐中往往對(duì)一些非典型性的結(jié)果無需加以特殊證明，但這并不說明非物質(zhì)性損失結(jié)果不需要證明，反而更需要認(rèn)定。2012年兩高公布了《最高人民法院、最高人民檢察院關(guān)于辦理瀆職刑事案件適用法律若干問題的解釋（一）》，這一解釋對(duì)于濫用職權(quán)罪的“重大損失”做出了認(rèn)定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，將非物質(zhì)損失結(jié)果概括為“造成惡劣社會(huì)影響”，但還是沒有具體細(xì)化規(guī)定出非物質(zhì)損失結(jié)果的判定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。 之所以我國(guó)理論界對(duì)于濫用職權(quán)罪追訴時(shí)效的起算點(diǎn)眾說紛紜，這與刑法分則中犯罪的成立條件的規(guī)定不同是密不可分的。我國(guó)的通說認(rèn)為，根據(jù)犯罪的成立條件可以將犯罪分為行為犯和結(jié)果犯。前者是指一旦進(jìn)行了某一行為，這一行為完成之時(shí)就判定犯罪成立；后者是指在犯罪行為實(shí)行之后，必須要出現(xiàn)某一嚴(yán)重后果才能判定犯罪成立。從《刑法》第397條對(duì)濫用職權(quán)罪的規(guī)定可以看出，濫用職權(quán)罪的成立要求出現(xiàn)嚴(yán)重后果，是典型的結(jié)果犯，犯罪成立是追訴時(shí)效的前提，所以濫用職權(quán)罪的追訴時(shí)效應(yīng)該從嚴(yán)重后果確定出現(xiàn)時(shí)進(jìn)行計(jì)算。
[Abstract]:This paper studies some difficult problems about the crime of abuse of power. The present is the key period of the transformation of socialist market economy. The crime of malfeasance, especially the crime of abuse of power, is becoming more and more important in the legal regulation and practice of judicial activities. Since the crime of abuse of power became a crime alone in 1997, the judicial interpretation has been continuously improved, but in practice there will be many problems, such as the scope of the subject, the degree of serious results, the limitation of prosecution and so on. This article through several typical cases to explore the relevant issues, put forward the point of view to improve the crime of abuse of power. The subject of the crime of abuse of power is a special subject stipulated in criminal law. This particular identity often has specific rights and obligations. The provision that the subject of the crime of abuse of power is a special subject has been continuously perfected in legislation. For the "abuse" of the crime of abuse of power, this is an objective behavior and does not involve whether or not the subjective need for an improper purpose is involved. The functionaries of state organs only need to take illegal methods to exercise their functions and powers. It already constitutes "abuse". Illegal methods include the arbitrary use of authority within and beyond one's own authority. The author agrees with the general theory that, objectively speaking, "abuse" is expressed as the exercise of unauthorized right to decide or not to decide the matter, there is no need for an improper purpose. It can be seen from the manifestation and characteristics of the result of non-material loss that it is difficult to determine the result of non-material loss, and it is easy to produce subjective arbitrariness when determining the result. In judicial practice, there is often no need for special proof of some atypical results, but this does not mean that the results of non-material losses do not need to be proved, but that the results of non-material losses need to be recognized more. In 2012, the Supreme people's Court [the Supreme people's Court] published the "Supreme people's Court," The Supreme people's Procuratorate's interpretation of several issues concerning the application of the law in handling criminal cases of malfeasance (1) >, which defines the "heavy losses" of the crime of abuse of power. The result of immaterial loss is summarized as "causing bad social impact", but the criterion of determining the result of non-material loss is not specified in detail. The reason why there are different opinions about the starting point of the limitation of prosecution for the crime of abuse of power in our country is closely related to the different provisions of the conditions for the establishment of the crime in the criminal law subrule. According to the general theory of our country, according to the condition of crime, the crime can be divided into the crime of behavior and the crime of result. The former means that once a certain act has been carried out, the crime is established when the act is completed; the latter means that after the criminal act is carried out, a certain serious consequence must appear before the crime can be established. From the provisions of Article 397 of the Criminal Law on the crime of abuse of power, we can see that the establishment of the crime of abuse of power has serious consequences and is a typical consequential crime, and the establishment of a crime is the premise of the statute of limitations for prosecution. Therefore, the limitation of prosecution for the crime of abuse of power should be calculated when the serious consequences are determined.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：D924.393

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