本文選題：聚眾斗毆罪轉化犯 + 轉化條件��； 參考：《遼寧大學》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：聚眾斗毆罪是我國現行刑法第二百九十二條的規(guī)定,具有多發(fā)性、常見性的特點,具有嚴重的社會危害性,聚眾斗毆行為實施過程中,往往場面混亂,人員眾多,且常持有殺傷性器械,因而刑法第二百九十二條第二款規(guī)定：“聚眾斗毆,致人重傷、死亡的,依照本法第二百三十四條、第二百三十二條的規(guī)定定罪處罰�！贝藯l款對聚眾斗毆造成重傷、死亡的情形進行了規(guī)制,但該條款的規(guī)定失之過簡,且無相應的立法解釋與司法解釋,實踐中也沒有統(tǒng)一的適用標準,導致實踐中對該條款的適用存在很大的爭議,經常判罰不一,影響了司法適用的統(tǒng)一與公平正義。同時,聚眾斗毆罪自身也具有復雜的特性,參與人員眾多,各行為人身份不同,對危害結果的作用不同,且如果聚眾斗毆人數眾多則會造成場面混亂,因而在聚眾斗毆罪轉化犯認定的過程中,往往存在具體的轉化犯主體范圍難以確定、轉化犯侵害對象范圍不明確,轉化后認定何罪標準不統(tǒng)一等問題,這些問題亟待解決。文章共分四個部分,對上述問題進行了詳細的探討。第一部分論述了聚眾斗毆罪轉化的前提條件,筆者支持客觀條件說,具體而言包括行為人的基礎行為構成聚眾斗毆罪,行為人致人重傷、死亡的結果發(fā)生在聚眾斗毆過程中,以及行為人的犯罪故意不必然轉化。第二部分論述了聚眾斗毆罪轉化犯的主體范圍。筆者認為應分兩種情況,一是能夠查清直接致害人的情形,對直接致害人與首要分子轉化定罪,但首要分子事前明確表示排斥重傷、死亡結果的除外。二是無法查清直接致害人的情形,能夠查清共同致害人的,共同致害人與首要分子轉化,無共同致害人的,僅首要分子轉化。第三部分論述了聚眾斗毆罪轉化犯侵害對象。筆者認為,當行為人基于打擊錯誤和對象認識錯誤而造成無辜案外人重傷、死亡的,該無辜案外人屬于聚眾斗毆罪轉化犯侵害對象,如行為人在聚眾斗毆中另起犯意造成無辜案外人重傷、死亡的,該案外人不屬于聚眾斗毆罪轉化犯侵害對象。當行為人造成己方成員傷亡時,該己方成員是聚眾斗毆罪轉化犯的侵害對象。第四部分就聚眾斗毆罪轉化犯轉化后的罪名認定進行了探討。筆者認為,在一般情況下,應遵循“以結果轉為主,以主觀轉為輔”的原則。在出現競合的條件下,則要按照想象競合理論,從一重論處,至于首要分子在該種情形下的處罰應分情況探討。當傷亡結果由同一致害人造成時,根據想象競合原理從一重罪論處；當傷亡結果分別由不同行為人造成時,應以較重的結果轉化定罪,即構成故意殺人罪。
[Abstract]:The crime of affray is the stipulation of Article 292 of the present Criminal Law of our country. It has the characteristics of multiple, common and serious social harmfulness. In the course of carrying out the affray, the scene is often chaotic and the personnel are numerous.The second paragraph of Article 292 of the Criminal Law stipulates: "whoever engages in affray, causes serious injury or dies shall be convicted and punished in accordance with the provisions of Article 234 and Article 232 of this Law."This clause regulates the situation of serious injury and death caused by affray, but the provisions of this provision are too simple, and there is no corresponding legislative and judicial interpretation, and there is no uniform applicable standard in practice.As a result, the application of this clause in practice is very controversial, and the punishment is often different, which affects the unity of judicial application and fairness and justice.At the same time, the crime of affray itself also has complex characteristics, many participants, different identity of the perpetrators, different effects on the result of harm, and if the large number of people will cause chaos in the scene,Therefore, in the process of identifying the crime of affray, there are often some problems, such as the difficulty to determine the scope of the subject of the transformed crime, the unclear scope of the target of the crime of the transformed crime, and the inconsistency of the standard of the crime determined after the transformation. These problems need to be solved urgently.The article is divided into four parts, and the above problems are discussed in detail.The first part discusses the prerequisite for the transformation of the crime of affray. The author supports the objective condition that the basic behavior of the perpetrator constitutes the crime of affray, the perpetrator causes serious injury, and the result of death occurs in the process of affray.And the criminal intent of the perpetrator does not necessarily change.The second part discusses the main scope of the crime of affray.The author thinks that there should be two kinds of cases, one is to be able to find out the situation of the direct injurious person, and to convict the direct injurious person and the ringleader, but the ringleader clearly expresses in advance the rejection of serious injury, except for the result of death.Second, it is impossible to find out the situation of direct injurious person, and can find out the co-injurious person, the co-injurious person and the chief molecule transformation, if there is no co-injurious person, only the chief molecule transformation.The third part discusses the object of crime of affray.The author believes that when the perpetrator caused serious injury to the outsider of the innocent case based on the mistake of attacking and the wrong understanding of the object, the outsider of the innocent case belongs to the object of the crime of affray transformed into the crime of infringing.If the perpetrator caused serious injury to the innocent outsider in the affray, the outsider did not belong to the object of the crime of affray.When the perpetrator caused death or injury to his own member, the member was the target of the crime of affray.The fourth part discusses the crime of affray after the transformation of the crime of crime.The author believes that in general, the principle of "turning from result to result, from subjective to auxiliary" should be followed.Under the condition of concurrence, according to the theory of imaginative concurrence, we should deal with it from a single point of view, and the punishment of the ringleader in this case should be discussed separately.When the result of injury and injury is caused by the same victimizer, according to the principle of imaginative concurrence, the felony is dealt with; when the result of casualty is caused by different actors, the result should be transformed into conviction with heavier result, that is, the crime of intentional homicide is constituted.
【學位授予單位】：遼寧大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：D924.3

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